Crop rotation of vegetable crops - the basis for increasing their yields

For a long time, many farmers could not understand the reasons why the yield of agricultural crops is reduced when growing it in the same place for several years. Even under unfavorable conditions, the first crop always turned out to be more than the following, although the agrotechnics of cultivation remained at the same level, and often even improved - organic fertilizers were introduced, the soil became more fertile. The reasons for the decline in yields in monoculture cultivation were relatively clear in connection with the accumulation of soil knowledge.

Causes of lower yields

When growing crops in the soil, microorganisms and fungi, living at the expense of a particular plant, accumulate. Their number is constantly increasing. The vegetable culture itself, in the process of growth and subsequent fruiting, takes out of the soil a set of nutritional elements characteristic of this particular species. All this contributes to the fact that when re-planting similar plants in the same place, they are affected by the microflora of previous plantings. Growth slows down, conditions for subsequent fruiting deteriorate. Vegetables are forced to fight for their existence, spending part of the nutritional elements for this fight.

"Black steam" as a means of restoring the fertility of the earth

Man has long noticed these features. Therefore, when sowing cultivated plants large tracts of land remained unused in some years, a so-called "black steam" was created, on which the earth "rested." It was only plowed, but not planted anything. A whole theory on the cultivation of various crops was created. Up to a third of the acreage remained under steam. It seemed that it was profligate. But the reality proved otherwise - the land, "rested" for the season, the next year was pleased with such high yields that fully compensated for the losses for a year of downtime. In the works of nineteenth-century Russian scientists and their followers, hundreds of examples of the positive effects of steam farming on improving soil fertility are cited. Statistics with its inexorability proved that the earth is a living being, to which one should be treated with care.

Crop rotation - the find of researchers

Numerous experiments have shown that the conservation of soil fertility and even its increase can be achieved if the crop rotation is carried out. It is important to change the vegetables so that the return to the same site for planting a particular crop does not occur more than seven years later. When alternating crops, it is necessary to know to which family these or those plants belong. For example, cruciferous - radishes, carrots, cabbages - it is undesirable to plant one after another on the same plot.

Summer rotation

Crop rotation at the dacha should be organized so that some cultural plants are replaced by others from other families. After growing cabbage on the same bed, you can plant tomatoes - they belong to Solanaceae. After tomatoes, peppers or aubergines can not be sown, since these are plants of the same family and the pests are the same. Crop rotation of vegetable crops should be regularly monitored, so it is desirable to have a landing log. In order to use the land more rationally, it is necessary to divide the plot under the vegetable garden into permanent beds. Here, the technology of Professor Mittlayer can be applied, which recommends the use of narrow ridges with wide passages between them. It also suggests the use of wide ridges, but with boards, for which, for example, boards are used. Inside the boxes of planks are created permanent beds. No one goes to the fertile layer with their feet, only plants grow there. The paths between the beds in the suburban area can be laid out with any materials, for example, brick. Then the dirt will never stick to the gardener's shoes.

Summary

The use of advanced technologies will help competently organize the crop rotation of vegetable crops so as not to lack a lack of vegetables. The rational alternation of plants is described in the literature, but the most important conclusion can be formulated as follows: "Only a competent change of some plants by others will allow annually to receive a high crop of crops." Crop rotation of vegetable crops with simultaneous use of methods of organic farming, for which many modern vegetable growers are advocating, will allow not only to receive a guaranteed crop. It allows and steadily increase the fertility of the soil. It is important not only to get fruits and root crops this year, but also to leave fertile soil for children and grandchildren, so that they can taste fresh cucumber or tomato from their beds.