Temperature after Mantoux. Tuberculin test: contraindications

Mantoux is a tuberculin test, according to the results of which it is possible to determine the reaction of the organism to the causative agents of tuberculosis. They put it to that group of people, including children, who are prone to this disease, and also for preventive purposes. Sometimes it happens that after the vaccination Mantoux the temperature rises. This symptom should alert, because this is how the body reacts to the attack of the pathogen or other interventions. Therefore, if the temperature rises after Mantoux, it is necessary to search for the reasons for this.

What is a Mantoux test?

Many parents make mistakes when they think that such vaccination is carried out to improve the immunity of the child to tuberculosis. This is not entirely true. The Mantoux sample is placed in the following cases:

• To assess the reaction of the child's organism to the injected agent of tuberculosis and its ability to withstand infection;
• To find out the probability of infection with Koch bacilli, i.e., to confirm the presence of infection in the child;
• To test the effectiveness of treatment for tuberculosis.

With this vaccination, the child's skin is injected with tuberculin, which is an extract of Koch's bacilli. At the injection site, there is a small condensation that appears due to the reaction of lymphocytes that determine cellular immunity. Particles of microbacteria are able to attract Kokh- containing lymphocytes.

The more the organism will contain such "infected" cells, the more active the course of the inflammatory process, and the Mantoux reaction will give a positive result. The doctor measures in such a diameter such a site with compaction, assessing the possibility of immunity of the child to resist tuberculosis infection.

The reaction of the body to Mantoux

In a healthy person, after vaccination, there should be a negative reaction of the body to the injected agent without raising the body temperature. This injection is not considered vaccine at all, but is a kind of diagnostic procedure that allows you to determine how the body reacts to the injected component. Usually, a small redness of the skin appears at the puncture site, a swelling occurs. The child at the same time feels perfectly normal. If he begins to complain about the deterioration of well-being after the vaccination, then, most likely, the body reacted abnormally to the introduction of tuberculin.

Many factors can distort results. In order to be considered reliable for the Mantoux test , certain conditions must be observed:

• The child must be healthy;
• Assess the result should be no earlier than 72 hours after the injection;
• Place the sample can not be wetted with water for 72 hours.

Why can the body temperature rise?

The child may have a negative reaction to the injected drug, if there is no redness or it is rather insignificant. This means that the baby is not infected with tuberculosis. But what if the temperature rose after Mantoux? This happens under the influence of various factors.

Individual tuberculin intolerance may occur, in which the body begins to reject it in every possible way, including the immune system in this process. Papula (the place of administration of the drug) begins to increase to critical sizes and its suppuration occurs.

If a child is prone to an allergy, then its appearance will also be the response of the immune system to the injected drug. Tuberculin is perceived as an allergen and causes a violent reaction of the body. Among many symptoms, the temperature rises after Mantoux.

Beginning infectious diseases for the first time may not manifest themselves in any way, and the test reduces the immunity, which provokes the multiplication of bacteria and viruses already in the body. As a result, the body temperature rises.

It can also increase due to infection, which is entered through a puncture. This happens if the child touched or scratched the injection site with dirty hands.

In any case, the temperature after Mantoux should be insignificant and must pass independently after 3 hours.

When should I sound an alarm?

It is worth seriously worrying in the following cases:

• If the body temperature has risen above 38 degrees;
• Papula increased very much, blushed, festered and began to ache;
• Increased body temperature accompanied by headache and muscle pain, loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, fainting, weakness, clouding of consciousness, etc.;
• There was a strong allergic reaction, which is accompanied by swelling and itching in the puncture area, as well as difficulty breathing.

Should I make Mantoux with a cold?

The combination of this sample and snot can lead to very serious consequences, since discharge from the nose is a sign of serious illness.

Mantoux made with a cold is capable of worsening the health of the child, since the body has a bacterial or viral infection, and all the protective forces are aimed at eliminating these pathogens. The introduced test is able to weaken already already lowered immunity, as a result of which the process of treating the child is greatly complicated, causing dangerous health conditions. The introduction of tuberculin is delayed until complete recovery.

In addition to the common cold, tuberculin test is contraindicated in the following cases:

• cough;
• Skin diseases;
• Upset stomach;
• If on the eve of another vaccination was done;
• Neurological problems;
• allergy.

Preventive measures

In order to avoid unwanted reactions after Mantoux test, it is necessary to follow preventive measures:

• If there is a suspicion that an infectious disease is starting to develop, the injection must be postponed until complete recovery;
• If TB child is intolerant to a child, it is better to refuse Mantoux and choose another way of diagnosing tuberculosis ;
• The baby should not comb or touch the injection site;
• If the child has suffered the disease, you need to wait a week to strengthen the immune system;
• Mantoux test is not recommended during teething;
• The child should have normal body temperature before injection.

Conclusion

Could there be a temperature after Mantoux? Of course, various factors contribute to its appearance. If it is insignificant, then you should not worry. But if the temperature after Mantoux rises above 38 degrees, it is necessary to sound an alarm, since this may indicate the presence of an agent of tuberculosis in the body. In this case, the child has a long treatment.