Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov in the literature of the 18th century

Lomonosov in the literature of the 18th century was one of the most prominent figures. However, as in many other spheres. An amazing personality in the power of talent and its universalism is Lomonosov. In literature, physics, mechanics, metallurgy, chemistry, geography, astronomy, linguistics - everywhere he left his mark, made many discoveries. We offer to get acquainted with the contribution that he made to the verbal creativity.

Lomonosov's education, a feature of creativity

His education was of an encyclopedic nature. Lomonosov knew Greek and Latin, various European languages, was familiar with the ancient heritage and world literature. Mikhail Vasilievich, in addition, was strong in natural science and church Slavonic literature. All this makes him involved in almost all the cultural spheres of his time. It is also remarkable that his work, being a synthesis of the achievements of Russian, European and ancient societies, is deeply national.

The fight against "foreigners"

Lomonosov in the literature and the Russian language has carried out many reforms and reforms. One of them was the fight against "foreigners". Mikhail Vasilievich remarked that the Russian language is heavily polluted by various foreign words, as well as dilapidated, obsolete Church Slavonic expressions. He decided to purify him, reveal his wealth. Lomonosov decided to develop a literary language on a people's basis. He went on the path of combining the valuable in Russian and Slavic languages.

The fight between Mikhail Vasilievich and "foreigner" played a big role. Thanks to it, the Russian national language was strengthened . Lomonosov was a connoisseur of many languages and a brilliant scientist. He was able to find suitable Russian words for scientific concepts. So Mikhail Vasilievich laid the foundation of the scientific and technical vocabulary. Many scientific expressions compiled by him have become firmly established and are used today.

"Ornate Syllable" by Lomonosov

"Ornate syllable", which Lomonosov used in literature, is not the result of "ancient vaccinations" to his native language, as in the writings of Trediakovsky. This is a natural attempt to rethink the achievements of Old Russian literature in difficult turning points for it. It is about the late 14th - early 15th centuries, and also about the second half of the 17th century. For these times, there is a tendency to revive the culture of literary and poetic creativity. During these periods a style of "weaving of words" appears, complicating the syllable. Lomonosov in the literature is actually making attempts to continue what Epifanius the Wise once tried to accomplish, and after a while Evtimiy Chudovsky, Epifaniy Slavinetsky and his other predecessors.

The fact that Mikhail Vasilyevich was very respectful of Old Russian literature is evidenced by his intention to create a dictionary, which should include words derived from the Novgorod chronicles and the chronicle of Nestor. In addition, he intended to write a special work on the Slovenian language and what can be taken from it and used in the letter.

The theory of styles of Lomonosov

Lomonosov in literature attempted to reform the then accepted "classical" theory of the three styles. She did not satisfy him. He wanted to understand the ancient styles of ancient documents and works. Lomonosov introduced the concepts of the following styles: piotic, rhetorical, simple, didaskalic and historical. Often they complement each other. Mikhail Vasilievich appealed to the "ornate style." His work "Rhetoric", published in 1748, contains a chapter devoted specifically to him. It says that ornate speeches are sentences in which the predicate and the subject are interwoven in an "unusual" way and thus constitute something "pleasant" and "important." So, the luminosity and splendor of Lomonosov's language is understood as a continuation of Old Russian literary traditions.

The significance of Lomonosov's poetic creations

Lomonosov did much for Russian literature . The contribution to the literature is so great that one can say that it is with him that Russian literature begins. This was noted by Belinsky Vissarion Grigorievich, a famous critic. In his article entitled "Literary Dreams" he gave such an assessment to his work. And this opinion can not be disagreed. Not only work on the creation of the Russian national artistic language, but also with his poetic creations, opened a new page of MV Lomonosov in the literature. And not only in it.

One can say that Lomonosov, whose contribution to literature was invaluable, opened a new stage in the history of all Russian culture. He sought in his activity to free culture from class limitations. Lomonosov also strove to ensure that she was not associated with the church. Mikhail Lomonosov wanted to build a nationwide culture.

Classicism in the work of Mikhail Vasilyevich

In Russian literature, the second half of the 18th century is an era of classicism. Literature, created in this direction, is designed to reflect life not as it is, but in ideal manifestations. She should give role models. All the creations of classicism were divided into 3 styles. Their language, themes and genres corresponded to each of them.

Literary heritage of Lomonosov

The name of Mikhail Vasilievich is closely connected with the development of this direction in our country. What are the merits of such a poet as Lomonosov in literature? Let us briefly describe the contribution he made. The poet created many works in various genres for his creative life. His pen also includes epigrams, and inscriptions, and epistles, and idylls, and fables. In addition, Mikhail Vasilievich turned to the satyr. What else did Lomonosov do in the literature? Briefly describing his contribution, we can say that he created 2 tragedies and tried himself in "light poetry." However, it was the ode that was his favorite genre.

Ode as a genre

This genre in classicism refers to a high style. Ode should glorify any important state person or event, glorify this or that event, which occurred in the life of the country. This genre should be written in a "solemn" language. In clothes there are many rhetorical figures and various paths.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov turned to this genre especially often in literature. The content of odes in Lomonosov's work is determined by the socio-political views that the poet professed. For the most part, the themes of Mikhail Vasilievich's works were heroic and patriotic.

Lomonosov's main themes

The theme of the homeland is central to the odes of Lomonosov. The poet never tires of praising the greatness of Russia, the vastness and vastness of its vastness, the abundance of its riches. For example, in the dress of 1748 created a majestic image of nature. This work, dedicated to the accession to the throne of Elizabeth Petrovna, is a great contribution of Lomonosov to literature. The summary of it is reduced to a description of the bounty of the monarch.

The author notes that under Elizabeth the "silence" is indestructible. In the work we find the personified image of nature, which stretches its legs to the steppe, turns its cheerful gaze and calculates "around contentment", elbowed it to the Caucasus.

In order for the Fatherland to become prosperous, it is necessary that all sections of the population work hard and hard. One of the main topics in the ode of Mikhail Vasilyevich is the theme of labor. He must be accompanied by education and science. It should take care of the creation of cadres of Russian scientists, as Mikhail Lomonosov argued in the literature.

Mikhail Vasilievich believed that peace was necessary for the prosperity of science and education. In many of his ode calls for the end of the war. He calls for the establishment of a "beloved silence". Thus, Mikhail Vasilievich calls peace among nations, suppression of reaction, cessation of strife within the country.

Thus, he sings in his works the greatness of nature and the Russian people, stands for the development of science and education, calls for progress in industry, trade and crafts. Mikhail Vasilievich convinces the reader that it is necessary to master the natural resources of Russia. He glorifies the victories of the fatherland on the battlefields.

Propagandistic orientation

The content of odes is also conditioned by the fact that they have a propagandistic orientation. Lomonosov advocated enlightened absolutism. He was sure that only an enlightened monarch could implement the program of reforms in the country. Therefore, in the work of Lomonosov an important role is played by the theme of state figures of the country. The poet invests in the mouth of wise rulers who care about the interests of the nation, their secret thoughts about how to equip Russia.

Ideal "enlightened monarch"

The ideal of the "enlightened monarch" was most fully expressed in his work in the image of Peter I. Lomonosov believed that his work was an example for imitation. He called upon the successors of Peter I to continue his undertakings.

Features of od Lomonosov

Lomonosov built his odes on the principle of works of oratory. Typical for them is the abundance of hyperbole, metaphors, exclamations, allegories, unexpected comparisons, etc. The poet also uses Slavic and Greek mythological images.

All of the above features give a solemnly monumental and at the same time profoundly lyrical character to his ode. They are outstanding examples of classicism.

So, we have characterized Lomonosov's contribution to the literature and Russian language briefly. However, this is only a small part of his heritage. As we have said, he left his mark in many sciences. He was a man with diverse interests and talents. His legacy is studied to this day, including what Lomonosov did in literature. His biography is included in the training course on a number of subjects.