Survey work is what? Types, nature, tasks of prospecting works

Survey work is, first of all, the identification of technical grounds for the preparation for the beginning of construction, engineering surveys, the development of construction projects, the preparation of working and estimate documentation. This set of works can be performed both during the capital construction, and during the reconstruction of facilities, the need for their technical re-equipment.

Classification

Currently, design and survey work is conventionally divided into several types:

1. Topographic and geodetic work - aimed at collecting and providing data for the compilation of situational maps of a certain area. The preparation of maps and detailed plans allows engineers to obtain a basic understanding of the existing terrain and to identify possible problems that will have to be faced directly during construction.
2. Geological survey work is the study of geological features of the structure of the working area, characteristics and qualities of soils.
3. The third type of survey work is hydrological research related to the design sphere. Such measures include the determination of the location of groundwater, the study of their quality, origin, suitability for technical needs and drinking, diagnostics of the aggressiveness of the composition.

The main tasks of survey work in preparation for construction

Performing survey works allows us to solve the following tasks:

• Preparation of a developed geodetic network for construction needs;
• Updating of large-scale plans, topographic schemes;
• Preparation of terrain plans in a graphic and digital, volumetric version;
• Collection, processing and analysis of available data on the site;
• Site evaluation, measurement, measurements;
• Processing received information, drawing up of working sheets, conclusions, reports.

How to create an order for exploration work?

If it is necessary to perform survey work, it is important to seek help from authoritative services that have experienced trained specialists. Having identified with the construction company, which is able to perform qualitatively design and survey work, it is necessary to correctly set the main and secondary tasks. Next, a program of actions necessary for implementation is determined and agreed upon.

The cost of survey works is formed on the basis of documentation with a list of pre-planned tasks, which contain information on the amount of work required, their nature and timing. In the end, the parties to the agreement receive a package of necessary securities.

Preparatory work

In the course of the preparatory stage of survey works, first of all, technical tasks are being set, project documentation is being prepared. As a basis for the implementation of such activities, archives of existing materials on the site are used in the past. However, the project can be developed on the basis of fresh data.

Further, on the basis of the processed information, a program is prepared for carrying out the survey work in accordance with the tasks assigned. Formal permits necessary for the implementation of the planned tasks are formalized.

Field work

Field survey work is the most important stage, requiring the formation of objective data, on the basis of which important calculations are performed, plans of sites and objects are prepared, and also accounting papers are prepared.

At this stage, there is:

• Survey of the area;
• Outlines a general work plan;
• Important areas for technical and logistical support of planned activities are identified;
• A reference geodetic grid is organized;
• Topographical survey of the terrain is carried out, as well as the available underground communications;
• The project is carried out in kind, after which the relevant acts are drawn up.

Cameral events

Cameral survey work is a whole complex of tasks, which includes final processing, obtained in the course of research results, calculation of coordinates, estimation of measurements and, first of all, their accuracy.

By results of carrying out of cameral actions the model of object in a digital variant is developed, on the basis of which drawings necessary for realization of tasks are created. Complex information about the site, available facilities, terrain relief, underground and ground communications is provided here.

The final stage

In the end, technical reports are prepared, which contain detailed information about the facility. Text part of the results of office work must contain all necessary drawings.