Diseases of the cardiovascular system

Diseases of the cardiovascular system are extremely common and numerous. Some affect the heart directly. This, for example, myocarditis, rheumatism. The second affect the entire system (hypertension), and the third affect the arteries and veins (atherosclerosis, phlebitis).

The diseases of the cardiovascular system are caused by inflammatory processes that take place in the body, traumas, poisonings, congenital malformations, a violation of those mechanisms that control the activity of the vessels, as well as metabolism. There are other, much less common causes.

Symptoms of cardiovascular diseases and their consequences are similar in many respects.

Even in infancy, doctors recognize congenital anomalies in the structure of the organ. They are indicated by the presence of noise, which is heard over the heart, and the cyanotic surface of the skin. Defects present from birth, are hidden. They are harder to recognize. Often they are found later in children with chronic bronchitis or repeated pneumonia.

There are diseases of the cardiovascular system that arise as a consequence of the inflammatory process. It can have a bacterial nature (sore throat), and a viral (influenza). These diseases do not directly affect the organ itself, but lead to a disruption in its functioning. Thus, reproducing bacteria cause inflammation with pus on the inner surface of the heart valves (endocardium) or on the outer shell (pericardium). Accordingly, endocarditis and pericarditis occur, which are cured with drugs that kill pathogens.

Diseases of the cardiovascular system, which are more common these days, are atherosclerosis and hypertension. The latter is manifested by a significant increase in blood pressure in the arteries. The lack of stable treatment of hypertension sharply increases the risk of kidney and brain damage.

Atherosclerosis makes the lumen of the arteries narrow, as a result of which the organs fed by them are worse supplied with blood. Thus, this disease affects not only the cardiovascular system. Coronarosclerosis is atherosclerosis, which continues to develop in the coronary arteries and causes a completely independent heart disease: ischemic. Its main features: unpleasant sensations in the area of the sick organ, pain, changes in health, having a painful nature, it can be repeated attacks of the angina pectoris (angina pectoris).

A serious complication of atherosclerosis and ischemic disease is myocardial infarction, in which hearths develop foci of necrosis, the activity of the organ is disrupted. Also the occurrence of this disease contributes to obesity, diabetes, sugar, hypertension. The cause of its development can be a sharp physical, emotional fatigue with angina pectoris. The main symptom is an intense, long pain in the chest. It is caused by the fact that in some part of the heart muscle due to lack of nutrients and oxygen there is acute anemia. "Hungry" body literally screams for help. The attack can last for hours or days, accompanied by shortness of breath, weakness, fear of the patient to die. Localization is very diverse: in the center of the chest, behind it, give in the upper limbs, the lower jaw, in the back.

In general, any pain in the chest, "under the spoon," which does not calm down in a state of complete rest, does not disappear with medication or subsides, but immediately returns with a new force, calls for an ambulance, as it may be fraught with myocardial infarction and other Sad consequences.

Any disease of the cardiovascular system should be treated in order to prevent its progression, and therefore, to avoid complications that in the future can lead even to disability.