Suffixes of adjectives. Spelling "n" and "nn" in the suffixes of adjectives

Literacy is an urgent necessity for many people. A total dictation is held annually in our country. Important officials and people of other professions in dozens of cities are carefully reflecting on how to correctly write a word, where to put a soft sign, comma, dash, etc. There is something to think about, because Russian is not such a simple language. And it is impossible to correctly write on it without knowing the rules.

The issue of spelling is especially acute for schoolchildren in the first place. After all, dictations for them are not held once a year. They write test works almost every week in different subjects. Therefore, they should know not only the rules given in this article, but also others. For example, be able to write correctly the English suffixes of adjectives. Or do you know when a famous person was born and died ...

Suffixes are-chelov, -liv, -iiv, -ev. Exception words

They say you have to climb into the water to learn how to swim, and to learn how to write without mistakes - you have to train, develop the skill of literate writing.

The choice of vowels in a given morpheme depends on several reasons: the stress, hardness, or softness of the preceding sound, the meaning. And even the origin of the name of the adjective. Accent and competent letter are connected with each other because only the stressed vowels are clearly audible in the stream of our speech, here with unstressed letters it is more difficult. And do not know the rules - there will be errors.

Remember! If you are in doubt, what are the suffixes of the adjectives to write, emphasize: -If - and shock, and -ev- - if it's unstressed (playful, fake, but key); -chiv-, -liv- are derived from -iv , so that they are written in (assiduous, screaming). Exception: holy, merciful.

And now check yourself: zero ... wow, caring ... y, games ... howl, charity ... yo, bo ... wow, zanosch ... yy, trust ... yyy. (Answers: e, u, u, u, e, u, u).

Suffixes -ov, -owat and -ev, -evat

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov did not like ugly cacophonous sounds and in every possible way avoided the use of hissing and whistling. Without them, our spelling can not do.

Over the spelling of the suffixes - oy -, - ev - after the unloved classic, the w, w, q are often thought of. Confused by the equally sounded letters o and e. And everything is simple: o - shock, and without stress - e (kumachovy, penny, plush).

And if the stress falls on a root or a prefix? In this case, adjective suffixes become dangerous for an illiterate person. Here you need to remember the rules! The last letter of the stem is a solid consonant? It is necessary to write suffixes -ov-, -ovat-, -ovit- (coarse). And if the soft consonant, hissing or ts, then -ev-, -evat-, -evit- (key, glossy, apple, blind).

And now we will check up the received knowledge: the gift ... twisted, demanded ... watchful, watchful ... sex ... howling, blu ... vaty, canvas ... yy, young ... vaty. (Answers: o, o, e, e, e, o, e).

Suffixes -on and -enk

It is impossible not to be surprised at the possibilities of the Russian language. To change the meaning of a word, it suffices to replace it with a suffix. And now the fat turns into a fat, and thin in thin. Expresses a completely different attitude to the subject of speech. Shades of sympathy, caressing, irony, neglect, and also real reduction give to the words the suffixes of adjectives -onk and yenk. Only qualitative adjectives have the ability to use these form-building agents.

Adjectives with a diminutive value are formed by means of the suffix -enk and-onk (blue, plump).

After the letters r, k, and x are possible and -on and -enk (light and light).

Check yourself! Bad ... cue, round ... cue, handsome ... cue, good ... cue (oh, e, e, e).

Show attitude to what they say, help and -honely, -honk, -suink, -susk (smirnyhonky, tiny, tonyusenky).

Suffixes are -ensk, -insk. Exceptions

Adjectives are formed not only from common nouns, but also from their own names of nouns and geographical names. Morphemes are used to form such words. Impudent suffixes of adjectives sound unclear. There are such speech situations when it is necessary to write and use the word in oral speech. Incorrectly formed form cuts the ear. Do not want to be mistaken - remember the rule.

The suffix -insk- is used to form nouns with finite -a, -я, -и. (Yalta - Yalta, Mytishchi - Mytishchi, Ekaterina - Catherine). In other cases, the suffix -ensk- (Grozny-Grozny, Grodno-Grodno) is used.

Russian language is beautiful. And he does not tolerate cacophony, so there are exceptions to the rules that are worth learning. This Presnensky (from Presnya), Penza (from Penza), Kolomna (from Kolomna), etc.

You can not remember exceptions from all rules, and you do not need to. In case of difficulty, you should refer to the dictionaries and reference books.

The spelling of adjectives, formed from nouns on -shka, the words "wind" and "oil"

Nouns with the noun-ending (frog, cat) form adjectives, the spelling of which is necessary to know the following: the "frog", and "froggy", the cat-cat are written. Both spellings are correct. Only the stress is different.

The spelling of some adjectives is related to their lexical meaning. From the word "wind" and "oil," you can form word forms that have different suffixes of adjectives. Examples of such words: an anemone - a windmill, an oil - oil. Errors are not here.

It is worth remembering! 1. Windy (with the meaning "wind" in the direct and figurative sense.) Wind in the street (straight) and wind in the head (ren.) 2. Wind (with the meaning "sets in motion the force of the wind") 3. Wind chicken ( From the spoken word "chickenpox") 4. Oily oil (consists of any oil) 5. Oiled (oiled, soaked, soiled with oil) 6. Oily eyes (portable meaning) 7. Pancake week - Oily week.

Suffixes -sk and -k. Exceptions

"Do not be ashamed not to know, it's shameful not to learn," says the popular wisdom. And to replenish knowledge it is necessary constantly. Often the spelling of the adjective suffixes causes difficulty. In the words "sharp" and "sailor" end of the word sounds the same. How to choose the right version of writing? We argue so. Once the adjectives are formed from the stem of the noun, then select this stem and see which letter is the last (weaver - weaver). If k, h, q - boldly substitute the suffix -k. Interlacing may occur. This is normal. There are no such letters? Form from the adjective a short form. Happened? Then boldly write the suffix -k.

At the end of the base, not k, h, q (giant - giant), and a short form can not be formed - we write boldly the suffix -sk .

Remember: b before -sk is written only after l, and also in words: day-day, names of months, but "January" is written without a soft sign.

Adjectives on-aty: suffixes-it is, -chat

Mikhail Sholokhov said that the language of the people accumulates for thousands of years the treasures of thought and experience. Formed from nouns with the help of a suffix - schat-, -chatch - words as if from the depths of centuries brought mystery and charm (iridescent, log, patterned). Indicate the presence in large quantities of what is expressed by the base (clastic).

The spelling of the adjective suffixes depends on the letters ahead. There is an alternation, this changes the composition of the morpheme, the sound.

You may receive an error when writing.

Dosh-at-yy (from the board ck / ny).

Smoke-chat (from the smoke).

Bruce-chat-to-a (from the bar).

Cherepit-chat-yy (tiles-a c / t).

Adjectives with such suffixes are widely used in vocational and terminological vocabulary.

Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives not formed from verbs

"The old abandoned garden was beautiful in its picturesque desolation," we read from the classics. But to distinguish yourself in literacy on the dictation, you must remember the rule how to choose the suffixes of adjectives and participles. The difficulty is that it is impossible to determine by ear whether "n" or "nn" is chosen.

Remember the rule! If you forgot, look in the directory. Further we analyze how this word was formed (picture-ny - the basis of -n, yes the suffix -n- that's doubled "n") was added.

"Nn" is written and when the adjective appeared with the help of the suffix -on-, -en- (excursion-on, craft-enn-yy).

The letter "n" in the suffixes of adjectives is written, if in the word -in-, -an-, -yann- (os-in-yy, skin-en-yy).

Exceptions:

1) glass, tin, wood;

2) young, green, pig, spicy, drunk, windy, crimson.

The spelling "n", "nn" in the suffixes of adjectives makes it difficult to break your head if you do not know the rules. Therefore, they should be trained.

Spelling "n" and "nn" in nouns and adverbs of -o, formed from non-verbal adjectives. Words whose spelling should be remembered

The vocabulary of our language grows constantly. One of the ways of replenishment is the formation of new names of objects and phenomena from the names of adjectives. "H", "нн" in the suffixes of adjectives Determines the number of letters in the formed nouns. Examples: a living room - a hotel, a relative - a relative, a woodburner - a woodboy, an equestrian - a cavalry.

Adjectives can also form adverbs with a finite -o. Interestingly, the suffixes of adverbs and adjectives are the same. The number of "n" also coincides. You can check the spelling of "n", "nn" in adverbs by selecting the full adjective from which the adverb was formed. Write as many of these letters as in the original adjective. Examples: courageous - courageous, magnificent - magnificent, excited - excited.

Remember the spelling of the following words: desired, intelligent, uninvited guest, named brother, unheard of, unheard of, etc.