Stansy is ... What are stanzas in literature? Stanza Pushkin, Lermontov, Yesenin and other poets

Stansy is a genre of medieval poetry, which remained popular in poetry of later eras. Various writers created stanzas, Russian poets often turned to this poetic form.

How the Stanzas appeared

The birthplace of the stations is Italy. The very word "stansy" is translated from Italian as "room", or "stop". Stanza in Italian Renaissance architecture is a room where people signed papers or held important meetings, for example, Stanza della Senyatura. The creation and decoration of this room was attended by the famous Raphael Santi.

In the literature stanzas are stanzas, each of which has its own special meaning, that is, each new stanza does not continue the previous stanza, but is a complete whole. One stans expresses any one idea, but in the whole poem the stanzas are organically connected with each other and all together create an artistic whole.

Stansy in medieval literature

So, Italy was the birthplace of the stans, and there they were most often used to glorify representatives of the nobility. For the first time Stanza wrote Polesiano, an Italian poet who lived in the 15th century, and they were dedicated to Giuliano Medici. In Italian literature, stanzas - this poem, consisting of eight stanzas, having a rhyme.

Byans Byans

George Gordon Byron is a great British poet who was a contemporary of Pushkin. Byron's poetry was dedicated to the pride of the human spirit, the beauty of love. Byron took part in the uprising of the Carbonarians and Greeks, and wrote his Stanzas in 1820.

There are also Byron's stanzas, dedicated to Greece and the beautiful corners of Greek nature. The main theme of his stanzas is love for the beautiful Greek woman and the struggle of Greece for freedom and independence. Poetry of Byron had a great influence on Pushkin's work.

Stansy in Russian poetry

Stansy is a genre that in Russian poetry began to develop actively in the eighteenth century. In Russian literature this is a small poem that consists of a quatrain, and most often its size is a four-legged iambic. Stanza in Russian literature is most often devoted to the love of the lyrical hero to the young girl, but sometimes they were associated with socio-cultural breakthroughs in the life of the country, such as Pushkin's stanzas.

Stansy of Pushkin

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wrote his famous "Stanza" in the autumn of 1827. In this work, which was discussed many times, the image of Peter the Great, the famous Russian emperor, appears.

The appearance of this poem is associated with the beginning of the reign of Nicholas I. Pushkin, whose "Stanza" became a praise of the imperial power, hoped that this monarch would change the life of the common people for the better. For his part, Nicholas I hoped that Pushkin would help him calm the mood of the youth. He suggested Pushkin help in changing the system of upbringing and education.

"Stanza" compare two monarchs: Peter the Great and his great-grandson Nikolai the First. The ideal for Pushkin is Peter the Great. This king was a real worker, who did not shun any occupation. He was both a navigator, an academician, and a carpenter. The days in which Peter the First ruled, according to Pushkin, made Russia a great power. Although this king overshadowed the beginning of his existence by the executions of those who were not wanted, but later with his help Russia was able to become great. Peter the Great constantly studied and forced to learn others, he worked hard for the glory of his country.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, whose "Stanza" became a famous work in Russian literature, calls on the Emperor Nicholas I to repeat the feat of Peter the Great and to elevate Russia to a new level of development.

In addition to the "Stans", around the same time, the poet wrote and poems "Friends" and "The Prophet." It was assumed that all three of these poems form a single cycle and will be published in 1828 in the journal Moskovsky Vestnik. But Pushkin's hopes were not justified: the emperor banned the publication of his poems, as Pushkin was informed by the chief of the Russian police Benckendorff.

Stansy Lermontov

Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov is one of the most outstanding creators in Russian poetry. Lermontov learned about the stanzas after acquaintance with English poetry, in particular, with the work of Byron.

Stanzas act as Lermontov's small poems, in which genre features are not defined. In 1830-1831 Lermontov wrote six poems, which in form can be defined as stanzas. Their main theme is romantic love, in poems the young man turns to his beloved. Lermontov, whose stanzas arose under the influence of John Byron's work "Stanza to Augusta," influenced the literary tradition of writing such works after him.

Lermontov's poems are filled with the grief of the protagonist, who sees the fuss and misfortunes of his earthly life, dreams of a different life. The poet writes about his loneliness in this world, compares himself with a cliff that can withstand the onslaught of wind and storms, but can not protect flowers growing on the rock from them. Mikhail Lermontov, whose stances fully express the world outlook of the poet, became a model for many other creators of Russian literature.

Stanza Annensky

Innocent Fedorovich Annensky is considered a "swan of Russian literature". Discovering a poetic talent at the age of 48, Innokentiy Annensky became an outstanding literary creator. His poem "Stansy Nights" became a notable phenomenon in the literature of that time. Its content is the expectation of meeting with the beloved, who must come in the darkness of the night. Many researchers believe that his poetry has similarities with the poetry of the Impressionists, in particular, with the paintings of Claude Monet.

Stansy Yesenin

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin became the representative of the new Russian literature, which took the side of Soviet power. He fully supported the October Revolution, and all his works are aimed at supporting the then emerging Soviet system, supporting the actions of the Communist Party. But at the same time, they have their own characteristics.

Being in Baku, Azerbaijan, the poet began to write "Stanza". Yesenin himself mentions this in a poem: he preferred to leave Moscow because of misunderstandings with the police. But, recognizing their shortcomings ("sometimes I am drunk"), Yesenin also writes that his mission is to sing not the girls, the stars and the moon, but the name of Lenin and Marx. He denies the influence of heavenly powers on human society. People should build everything themselves on the ground, the poet believes, and for this purpose it is necessary to exert all the industrial power.

Yesenin did not accidentally give his work the name "Stanza", this poem clearly echoes Pushkin's "Stanzas". Yesenin was a fan of Pushkin's creativity, pinned flowers to his monument. But Esenin believed that stanzas - this is not a form of love lyrics, but a way to express their civic position.

Yesenin's "stanzas" did not provoke the approval of party figures who wanted to see Yesenin as a completely party poet dedicated to the ideals of the revolution. But this poem marks the turn of the poet from "Moscow tavern" to the new Soviet reality. So many critics believed. Enthusiastic workers of the magazine "Krasnaya Nov '" reacted to this work, who felt that Yesenin was finally becoming his real, Soviet poet. The correct direction of the poet's work was considered a consequence of the beneficial influence of the climate of the city of Baku, where he lived, and friendship with Peter Ivanovich Chagin.

Stansy Brodsky

Iosif Alexandrovich Brodsky was an outstanding Russian poet who equally spoke Russian and English. He won the Nobel Prize at a relatively young age - 47 years.

A native of St. Petersburg, he lived first in Russia, then in the United States of America. In all his poems flashes Petersburg, especially this city is mentioned in the famous work "Stanza to the city".

Numerous studies of the book "New Stanzas to Augusta" show that this lexicon often uses such lexical units as the names of Marie and Telemac, as well as the words "madam", "dear", "boyfriend". The main addressee of "New Stans to Augusta" is a beloved who is waiting for her friend. All tender appeals of the poet are addressed to it. According to Brodsky's poems, one can judge what stanzas are in literature. Brodsky's central character is a lyrical hero, and the motif of exile is also important for his poetry.

The collection "New Stansy to Augusta" was dedicated to Maria Basmanova. It features not only images of lyrical characters, but also objects. They have a symbolic meaning. The lyrical hero gives his girl a ring with turquoise. Turquoise is a stone made from the bones of people. The hero asks the beloved to wear this stone on the ring finger.

In the poem "Slice of a honeymoon" the author explores the sea vocabulary. His lover's name is Marina, so he pays special attention to the marine theme.

The poem "Night Flight" is devoted to travel in the belly of the plane, and the poet admits that he always wanted to go to Central Asia. Traveling in an airplane for him has a double meaning - it's a flight into another life, and a journey to resurrection. The poet seeks another reality, where there will be no misfortunes and torments.