Stages of fabrication of a clasp prosthesis, materials and technology of dental prosthetics

Prosthesis with clasp prostheses in the modern world is gaining increasing popularity. On the one hand, this is explained by the fact that the production of this type of prosthesis has become more qualitative. To produce them, new modern materials are used, thanks to which the whole design of the prosthesis becomes easy, convenient and invisible to the surrounding people. This method of prosthetics is very hygienic, wearing dentures does not cause discomfort to patients. It is these qualities that make the procedure popular. In the article, we will take a closer look at the stages of fabrication of the clasp prosthesis, its advantages, types, cost and patient feedback.

Clasp prosthesis: what is it?

The false jaw is a word combination, which is a sentence for many people. Immediately comes to mind a complex, inconvenient design, which, being in the mouth, causes more harm and discomfort than good. In addition, removable dentures prices are quite high, which also repels potential customers.

Fortunately, modern science and medicine do not stand still. Now in dentistry successfully use clasp prostheses. They are a type of all removable dentures and have many positive qualities.

The technology of manufacturing a clasp prosthesis is fundamentally new, has several important stages, the sequence of which must be observed.

The main difference between a clasp prosthesis and an acrylic construction is a metal frame or an arc. Due to this, the thickness of the plastic basis of the prosthesis becomes smaller, and it is more convenient to wear it.

All models of such prostheses have a clasp frame, a basis of acrylic plastic ( artificial teeth are placed on it ) and special devices that will help to fix the prosthesis in the mouth. The metal arc, which is a distinctive feature of the clasp prosthesis, fulfills the basic fixing function.

The manufacture of metal frames is also an important stage for quality prosthetics.

The frame for the prosthesis can be brazed and cast. The first is very simple to make, but it is inconvenient to wear. Now such frames are used less and less, as comfort for the patient is one of the main qualities that a false-jaw must have.

The only requirement for patients is a few stable supporting teeth, on which you can fix the crowns.

The following materials are used for making the frame:

1. Stainless steel.
2. Gold-platinum alloy.
3. Chromium-cobalt alloy.

It should be noted that clasp dentures do not affect diction, which is also their undisputed advantage.

Types of denture prosthesis

The main feature, according to which clasp prostheses are classified, is a method of fixation in the oral cavity.

1. Clamping fixation. This is the most common option and the most inexpensive. Clammers are special hooks, which are worn on strong supporting teeth. As a rule, with this method of fixation, the supporting tooth does not need to be further processed or grinded.
2. Lock fastening. Instead of clasps with this method of fixing, micro-locks are used. One part of this lock is attached directly to the prosthesis, and the other to the crown, which is put on the supporting tooth. This type of attachment is very convenient, looks aesthetically pleasing and less visible to surrounding people. Lock fastening is considered more reliable, in comparison with clamping fixation. And the price is a little higher. The main disadvantage of this fixation of the prosthesis is that the supporting teeth need to be sharpened before putting on the crown. And the grinding process is irreversible.
3. Telescopic crown. This method of attaching the clasp is the most convenient and aesthetic. But only a highly qualified dentist will be able to perform such prosthetics, as this is a long and complicated process. The telescopic crown consists of two interacting parts. A non-removable part is a crown, which is fixed on a previously worn supporting tooth. The removable part is attached to the prosthesis and, during its fixation, is put on top of the support bit.
4. The splinting prosthesis. In this way fix mobile teeth with periodontal disease. For fixing on the inside, a metal plate is installed, which is bent in the shape of the supporting tooth.

Advantages of clasp prostheses

1. Strength. Ordinary models quite often break down, and after repair they already sit tightly in their mouths. Because of this, there is discomfort, and even painful sensations. Clasp dentures do not have such a problem due to the lightweight metal frame.
2. Clasp dentures take up less space in the mouth than traditional models. That is why during conversation and meal reception there are no inconveniences, and the patient quickly gets used to a prosthesis.
3. When eating, the load is distributed not only to the gums and mucosa, but also to the supporting teeth. Thanks to this, the chewing process becomes more effective and there are no pain sensations.
4. Thanks to the clasp prosthesis, the sky in the mouth remains open, which makes the wearing process more comfortable and does not affect diction.

Composite elements of a clasp prosthesis

There are the following basic elements of the prosthesis:

1. A metal frame, or arc, which is necessary to connect all the elements of the prosthesis into a single structure.
2. Part of the design in the form of a saddle, on which are fixed artificial teeth.
3. Special devices for high-quality fixation of the prosthesis.

The clasp prosthesis does not have any complicated intricate parts, so wearing such a false jaw is very easy and comfortable. What are the stages of manufacturing a clasp prosthesis, we will consider further.

What material is used for clasp prosthesis?

New modern materials are used to make clasp prostheses. Thanks to this, their quality improves, and, accordingly, the popularity among patients increases.

Metal and non-metallic material for dentures can be used. In the first case, use stainless steel or metal alloys, in the second - plastic.

Now in modern dentistry, prostheses with integral cast construction are increasingly used. And as for soldered prostheses, they are used in practice less and less.

Clasp dentures with a monolithic skeleton dentists consider the best.

The basic stages of manufacturing of denture prosthesis

There are the following stages of manufacturing a clasp prosthesis :

1. Clinical (manufacturing).
2. Laboratory.
3. Clinical (prosthetics).

Next, we will consider in detail all the stages of manufacturing a clasp prosthesis.

Detailed description of the clinical phase

The patient should report several times to the dentist.

1. First, a comprehensive examination is carried out and an individual treatment plan is drawn up.
2. Then choose the supporting teeth, inspect them, if necessary, treat and grind (if using lock and telescopic models). The choice of supporting teeth is a very important stage, since they can not withstand the load when wearing a prosthesis and there is a risk of losing them.
3. After that, make a cast of teeth. For the qualitative manufacturing of the prosthesis, two impressions must be made.
4. When the mold is ready, a prosthesis model is made on it.
5. Then it is necessary to sample it and adjust it, taking into account the results of the fitting.
6. When all steps are completed, the denture is finally installed in the patient's oral cavity.

Detailed description of the laboratory stage of prosthesis manufacture

1. At the first stage, you need to make a diagnostic model. For this, a strong gypsum is used, thanks to which it is possible to make a model suitable for each client individually. At this stage, all details of the oral structure of the patient are taken into account.
2. At the second stage it is necessary to determine the nature of the occlusion, and also to study the location of the lower and upper jaws in three perpendicular planes.
3. Next, you should carefully inspect the supporting teeth and determine the level of load that they can withstand.
4. Further on the received diagnostic model the graphic image of a clasp denture, its drawing is put.
5. Then, on the same gypsum model, the process of turning of the selected supporting teeth is simulated, that is, the control preparation is performed. In this way, then, the process of turning of natural supporting teeth will be carried out.
6. According to the drawings on the diagnostic model, a model of the future skeleton of the prosthesis is formed from the wax.
7. Using the received wax model, the skeleton of the clasp prosthesis is cast. The billet of wax is removed from the plaster model, placed in a refractory shape. There, under the influence of temperature, wax is melted and acrylic plastic is poured in place of it.
   Casting can be done without removing the wax preform from the diagnostic model. In this way, it is possible to avoid possible deformation of the workpiece from the wax, and the finished structure will be more accurate.
   From the obtained frame remove the wax, spend it polishing and polishing. Then try it in the mouth of the patient.
8. At this stage, artificial teeth are installed on rolls of wax.
9. Then the resulting wax structure is placed in a gypsum mold, from there the wax is melted and removed, and instead of it acrylic plastic is poured. Thus, the metal and plastic parts of the clasp prosthesis are connected.
10. At the final stage, the ready prosthesis is transferred to the dentist for installation in the oral cavity of the patient.

Technologies for the production of solid braided dentures

It is possible to make a clasp denture correctly only in the presence of a special laboratory. Let us consider in more detail two methods of constructing a structure:

1. In the first method, the construction is molded with the removal of the workpiece from the gypsum model. The blank is placed in a refractory mask where the wax is melted, and instead of it molten metal is placed.
2. In the second method, the workpiece is not removed from the gypsum model. Thus, the future prosthesis will not be deformed, and wearing it will be more comfortable.

Molded clasp prostheses are very light and easy to manufacture, so the patient does not need extra time to get used to them. They immediately fit comfortably in the oral cavity and do not cause inconvenience.

How correctly to look after a prosthesis?

Care for clasp prosthesis is the same as for real teeth. To conduct hygienic treatment of the structure, it must be extracted from the mouth. But you do not need to remove the prosthesis for the night. Proper care of the prosthesis is necessary in order to prevent the development of microbes under it. Before you get the design out of the mouth, be sure to rinse your mouth with water to wash the leftovers. Do not neglect the care of the prosthesis, in any case do not think that if the teeth are not real, then you can do nothing and do not take care of them. To store the prosthesis, it does not need to be placed in a glass of water.

How long will the clasp prostheses last?

If you follow all the rules for the use and care of a denture, then it will last at least 5 years, or even more.

It should be noted that under the clasp design, gums and bone tissue are less susceptible to atrophy and deformity than when using plastic prostheses.

How much does denture prosthesis cost?

Not all people can afford removable dentures. Prices for such structures are very diverse and depend on many factors. The cost of prosthetics is affected by:

1. Difficulty making the prosthesis.
2. Materials that are necessary for the construction.
3. Type of fixing the prosthesis to the teeth. Locking with locks will cost more, as the price of locks and crowns is included in the prosthetics.
4. Services for the preparation of teeth for prosthetics can also be included in the cost (dental treatment, impression removal, etc.).

The cheapest is a regular clasp prosthesis. Its price is 15 thousand rubles. Complex and splinting denture prosthesis will cost you 5 thousand more. But for the design of the castles will have to pay from 35 to 50 thousand rubles.

Despite the considerable cost of clasp prosthetics, its popularity grows very quickly due to its quality, convenience and long service life.

Patients' feedback on clasp prosthesis

Clasp dentures received a number of positive reviews from patients. First of all, people note the long life of such a prosthesis. Many patients consider convenience and comfort in carrying a structure to be an important criterion. In addition, the prosthesis does not affect diction and does not drop out of the mouth, as it can happen with conventional models.

Conclusion

So, in the article we examined in detail the clasp prosthesis: what it is, what it is, its advantages, the stages of manufacturing and the feedback of patients. All people who had to use clasp prosthesis were satisfied and can safely recommend such prostheses to their friends.