Sandwich panels - what is it? Construction of sandwich panels

Sandwich panels - what is it? First of all, we should note that this is a modern multilayered building material, which is now widely used in the construction of residential buildings and industrial structures. He has a sufficiently large margin of strength and low weight, which gives him a lot of advantages over other building materials.

The main advantages of sandwich panels

For all indicators, this material is highly economical. Sandwich panels, whose price can significantly reduce the overall cost of building the facility, reduce the costs associated with loading, transportation and installation of structures. In addition, the low weight of the panels facilitates the load on the foundation, its cost, and also reduces the costs of geological study of the soil.

The convenience of using sandwich panels is that they make it possible to manufacture all the elements of a building and structure in the factory, after which it remains to simply deliver them to the construction site and assemble them. This makes it possible to gain time and finish building the building faster than using traditional building materials. Industrial and civil construction of sandwich panels can, if necessary, quickly dismantle the garage or house, after which it is easy to assemble it as a designer in a new location.

The undoubted advantage of this building material is its ideal surface, which does not require shpaklevaniya or plaster, that is, additional processing costs. Moreover, for example, sandwich panels roofing are already available painted, which also reduces the cost of finishing work. Panels can be bent to build irregularly shaped walls.

Due to the expediency of using this material and the possibility of using its physical properties, beautiful residential cottages, administrative buildings, production and entertainment complexes are being built from sandwich panels. In addition, sandwich panels, the price of which is available to the consumer, can play the role of insulation and sound insulating element.

And thanks to the small moisture absorption and high thermal insulation properties of the material, it is possible to build in regions with a harsh climate. The factory coating with a primer, anticorrosive and polymer compounds improves the resistance, strength and durability of the sandwich panel. What is it for man and the environment? This is environmental and safety, confirmed by research in our country and abroad.

Structure and properties of sandwich panels

Multilayered building panels, including PVC sandwich panels - a material with a thick layer of lightweight filler, enclosed between two sheets of cladding (hence the name). The thermal barrier layer is also capable of absorbing noise, and the outer layers are important as a constructive, protective and decorative part. Increased noise insulation plays a big role in the choice of material for residential buildings.

As a heat-insulating material, light foam and mineral wool are used. The thickness of the layer is chosen depending on the climatic conditions, temperature required in the room, etc.

Directions in construction using sandwiches

Due to the high technological level of production and a large selection of modifications, sandwich panels are in high demand in construction. What it is is clear from the technical and operational characteristics of the material. Therefore, it is used to build low-rise residential buildings and technical facilities, industrial and manufacturing facilities, supermarkets, bus stations, industrial refrigerators , etc.

Incredible ease of assembly and disassembly of structures from multi-layer panels is used for temporary structures, for example, military shift rooms. The quick-erecting garage of sandwich panels is of great demand, and due to the lack of transportation problems, this lightweight material can be delivered by helicopter to hard-to-reach places.

If as a material for external walls three-layer panels are used, including PVC sandwich panels, then the standards must be observed: strength, heat-insulating and fire-resistant. For special purpose buildings, there are special requirements (for example, for public catering establishments - hygiene, etc.). And in this matter, multi-layer panels correspond to the norms: the internal filler has good moisture resistance, and the metal layers are anticorrosive. This acts as a guarantor of the suitability, safety and long-term service of the material.

Functionality of panels

There are two types of sandwich panels for functional purposes: wall and roofing, which feature special locking systems and stiffness.

Sandwich panels roofing have greater mechanical strength, because in addition to its weight should withstand the load of rain. For this, they are reinforced with a frame, lamellas, ribs of stiffness. Roofing material should be more moisture-resistant, so it involves the use of hydrophobic fillers and protection with a polymer film.

Three-layer wall panels are characterized by high resistance to compression and shear to withstand the weight of the roof and the construction of the walls.

Production methods

Production of sandwich panels can be carried out in different ways:

• On an automated line;
• Manual assembly (stand);
• Foaming insulation-polyurethane foam between two facing sheets.

The first method is more productive than manual (bench), but in one and the other elements of the panel are joined by special glue, the quality of which directly affects the longevity of the product.

The main criterion of quality

The main criterion by which the quality of the sandwich panel assembly is assessed is the quality of the joints of the structure, since the performance characteristics of the laminated material depend on it: strength, thermal insulation, moisture resistance. Some construction companies provide a full range of services, including design, production of sandwich panel sandwich panels and installation of the structure.

Principle of construction from sandwiches

The construction of sandwich panels can reduce current costs, as well as time to erect a building or structure. Usually they are mounted on a reinforced concrete, metal or wooden bearing structure.

Working with such material is easy, because it weighs little (50-80 kg) and does not require additional sophisticated tools. Fasten the panels conveniently thanks to the concealed or visible fastening elements - self-tapping screws.

The main thing in the installation phase of sandwich panels is a tight joint, which both the builders and the material producers pay the highest priority. From the buttocks will depend not only the strength of the structure, but also:

• The absence of gaps, where cold air can penetrate;
• Maximum density, which is necessary so that moisture does not get into the heater.

With obvious thermal vibrations, sandwiches change their sizes somewhat, which is necessarily taken into account when fitting seams, joints and corners, in order to avoid deformation of the entire structure, even if a conventional garage is built of sandwich panels. To do this, use mastics and sealants, aluminum foil, polyurethane gaskets and foam, neoprene tape. The seams at the ends of sandwich panels are usually sealed with mineral wool or foam, then covered with a special latch.

Shaped elements in the construction

Shaped metal elements for concealed and external fasteners are so strong that they are successfully used for fixing, strengthening and aligning joints of panels obtained during installation. Usually the same metal is used as in the basic design. They provide heat insulation and tightness at the junction of three-layer panels.

Technical support of construction from sandwich panels

When building a building of sandwich panels, the work can be done without attracting complex technical devices and additional mechanisms. It will be sufficient to have a normal construction lift for lifting loads and a manual or electric rolling machine.

So, building sandwich panels. What is this in modern construction? It is clear that such a progressive wall and roofing material will for a long time have a "palm tree" in the construction market. Having a three-layer structure in which a moisture-resistant insulation made of mineral wool or basalt fibers is reliably protected by metal, sandwich panels are fireproof and recommended primarily for the erection of public institutions, as well as for the construction of warehouses and other commercial and industrial-economic complexes.

The material is not susceptible to rotting or attack by fungi, bacteria, or insects. Environmentally friendly and does not emit volatile elements, so residential and industrial buildings made of sandwiches are absolutely safe.