Rules of the fire regime in Russia. The fire regime is ...

The fire regime is the requirements that the state is obliged to fulfill the owners of commercial and industrial real estate. This need is due to a sound assessment of the potential fire hazard.

The essence of the fire regime

Initially, it should be understood that the fire regime is a set of rules that are called upon Protect citizens from the risk of a fire, and provide for certain behavior of people if such an incident occurred.

Such rules were developed for organizations and educational institutions. They include the organization of production, as well as the content of buildings, territories, premises and any objects. Such principles of the organization are focused on ensuring fire safety in accordance with modern standards.

Approval of the fire safety instructions for various facilities is handled by the manager, company or organization. This function can also be performed by any authorized official.

With regard to storage facilities and those areas that fall into category B1 (fire hazardous), the conditions for organizing security are determined separately.

Training of employees

Considering the fact that the fire regime is a set of rules that must be met, the employees of the enterprise must be allowed to work at the facilities only after passing the appropriate training in the necessary fire safety measures.

Such training, as a rule, takes the form of briefing and passing the fire minimum rules. With regard to the timing and procedure for the conduct, then they are set by the head. The basis for such training is the normative documents on fire safety.

Responsible for compliance with established rules

The fire regime implies also such a duty of the head, as the appointment of a person who will be responsible for fire safety. For such purposes, the candidate of any employee who has the necessary organizational and administrative powers is suitable. It is better to give preference to the head of the structural unit. And it is worth emphasizing the idea that the head of the enterprise is personally required to conduct such an appointment.

In this case, an ambiguous situation is possible, the essence of which is reduced to the potential refusal of the appointed employee from taking responsibility for fire safety. In order to avoid such a development of events, the head of the company needs to initially review the terms of the employment contract, in which such duties of the employee should be spelled out. If necessary, you can always make the necessary adjustments. But according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, the employee must be warned about such changes in his employment contract and receive written consent for their introduction.

If you have to monitor the situation in the premises, which are used to organize the work of more than 50 people, it makes sense to create a fire and technical commission. This will allow you to correctly distribute the load to the person in charge and fulfill all the necessary requirements.

Features requirements for large objects

The fire regime in the Russian Federation implies special requirements for those facilities on whose territory a large number of people work or are located.

The duties of the enterprise manager include the following:

- at least once in 6 months to conduct practical training of persons;

- draw up an instruction on the actions of the company's personnel during the evacuation of people in case of fire and familiarize employees with it;

- check the presence of electric lights (according to calculations one lamp for 50 employees).

As for the heads of trade enterprises and organizations, the rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation provide for them one more commitment. It is about taking additional fire safety measures during various advertising actions, sales and other events of this format.

Rules in conditions of carrying out of public actions

When a particular room is used for corporate events, discotheques of various celebrations and other events, the owner of the used space must fulfill several conditions:

- to ensure the duty of the responsible persons in the rooms and on the stage;

- inspect the premises before the start of the event to determine whether it meets the existing requirements.

It should be understood that the rules of the fire regime in Russia do not oblige the owner of the premises to personally perform all the actions listed above. He can successfully delegate these duties to responsible persons. But such an employee must be a full-time employee or work in an organization at least part-time.

It is important to pay attention to the work of the company at night. In this case, a special fire-fighting regime becomes urgent. The first requirement is the organization of round-the-clock duty of maintenance personnel. Moreover, the head is expected to provide a daily transfer to the local fire brigade information about how many people work at the enterprise within a specific shift.

Other requirements may be brought to the head of the enterprise. One of them is the presence on the doors of the premises, as well as external installations of signs, indicating the category of their fire and explosion hazard.

It is worth knowing that the manager is responsible for the timely elimination of fire-protective coatings (coatings, lacquers, plasters, special paints), heat-insulating, flammable and finishing materials, metal supports of equipment, building structures, etc. The quality of fireproof impregnation (treatment) Also have to check.

Key Constraints

The fire regime is a set of requirements, which implies some prohibitions. So, on the basis of legislation it is forbidden:

- to make glazing of those premises that lead to smoke-free staircases;

- place stalls, storerooms, kiosks and various subsidiary buildings in elevator halls;

- use technical floors, attics, ventilation chambers and any other technical premises for the purpose of production, as well as storage of furniture, equipment and products;

- use and store flammable liquids, celluloid and goods in aerosol packaging in attics, basement and basement;

- install external air conditioning units on the staircases;

- to organize business premises and workshops in the basement floors and cellars, provided that the fire exit is blocked or absent.

It is not difficult to see that the fire-fighting regime is an actual and necessary measure that can preserve property and even people's lives.