Fire-fighting measures

Fire statistics from year to year is disappointing. For example, 460 fires were recorded in Russia every year in 2011, which killed more than 30 people, and the same number of people were injured. Every day, material damage amounted to 46 million rubles. Fires kill 4 times more people than during other emergencies. Therefore, the problem of ensuring fire safety in both the residential sector and the facilities of organizations is acute.

Each head of the organization or an individual entrepreneur is obliged at his enterprise to take the necessary fire safety measures. In the system of such events three components are singled out.

1. Establishment of fire fighting regime.

The fire-fighting regime includes the following fire safety measures:

- establish the sequence and timing of fire hazardous works;

- to properly equip places for smoking, if this is allowed;

- to determine the sequence with which the electrical equipment will be de-energized during a fire;

- if there are explosive substances - the appropriate storage locations and their maximum permissible quantity are determined;

- arrange cleaning of any combustible waste, easily flammable materials and inspection of premises after the shift or working day;

- instruct staff and determine the terms of reference and procedures for actions in the event of a fire;

- draw up a list of works that are prohibited for execution without carrying out briefings on fire safety rules.

2. Provision and support of fire fighting conditions in buildings and structures, in each indoor room and in open areas, sites.

For this, it is necessary to implement the following fire safety measures:

- to equip specially allocated places with means and equipment for fire extinguishing;

- install in the premises a fire alarm system and a fire alarm system ;

- ensure that all fire hydrants, hydrants, fire doors, valves and other protective devices are in good order;

- install outdoor lighting;

- to keep the entrances to the building and facilities free for the passage of the fire engine ;

- to ensure that there is and was working direct telephone communication with the nearest fire protection point;

- monitor the serviceability of emergency exits, do not install on the windows of deaf grids.

3. Realization of control over how general requirements of fire safety are fulfilled during operation, maintenance and repair of a building, premises, separate constructions, as well as equipment, inventory, utilities, etc. To do this:

- appoint persons responsible for carrying out scheduled and unscheduled inspections, during which the fire condition is assessed and, as the local firefighters follow the rules and measures of fire safety;

- in time to provide metrological service with measuring instruments of fire fighting equipment;

- to help inspectors on fire supervision to survey building, constructions and internal premises of the organization.

Only when all of the above activities are carried out will fire safety be ensured in the organizations.

70% of fires are in the residential sector. Since 2005, local governments are required to provide primary fire safety measures. This means that municipalities must implement the necessary measures to prevent fires, to save people and property during a fire. These measures include:

- solution of issues of legal, material and technical and financial security of fire safety;

- development of plans and programs to ensure fire safety of municipal property, their implementation;

- attraction of means and forces for fire fighting, organization of rescue operations;

- Establishment of fire fighting regime and control over its execution;

- Provision of notification of the public about fire, communication, free passage for fire trucks;

- dissemination of knowledge about fire safety among the population and responsible persons;

- organization of voluntary fire protection.