Law, Health and Safety
Rules for safe behavior under adverse environmental conditions. Summary
For the present stage of development of human society, the high rates of the scientific and technological revolution are characteristic. However, along with the created benefits, progress brought our planet a disturbance of biological balance, which caused a decline in the quality of the habitat for all living things. An unfavorable ecological situation adversely affects the health of the person himself. After all, according to experts, the pollution of our environment is second only to the way people live.
Signs of unfavorable ecology
Contamination refers to the penetration into the environment of new agents of a chemical, physical, biological nature. The emergence of an unfavorable ecological situation occurs, as a rule, as a result of the economic activity that human society conducts. On the occurrence of this problem speak such signs:
- Drastic changes in climatic conditions;
- Destruction of the ozone layer of the planet, etc.
The emergence of all these situations not only worsens the human condition, but also threatens his health. What should be our rules of conduct in an unfavorable ecological situation? They are briefly described in this article.
Air pollution
Our health largely depends on what air we breathe. The state of this natural resource also affects the vital activity of the animal and plant world. Unfortunately, the active economic activity of man has led to the fact that the atmosphere of our planet is polluted by such harmful gases as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon vapors, as well as by metal acids and various organic and inorganic dust.
Cities with an unfavorable ecological situation suffer from smog standing above the industrial zones. In its cloud there is a large content of pollutants. Sulfuric gas is a particular danger for citizens . Getting into the human body, it causes various pathologies of the respiratory system, reducing their resistance to other harmful impurities (asbestos, asphalt, ground dust, etc.).
The home air can also negatively influence our health. And this is confirmed by scientific research. Specialists in laboratory conditions compared the air of city streets and living quarters. The result was unexpected. It turns out that the air in our rooms is 4 to 6 times more polluted than street air and is 8-10 times more toxic than it is. All this is caused by the influence of linoleum, lead white, washing powders, varnish, paints, various polymers, furniture made with the use of synthetic adhesives, etc.
Reduction of the negative impact of polluted air
The rules of safe behavior in the adverse environmental conditions prevailing in our settlements, to date, recommend, first of all, to breathe through your nose. The fact is that the mucous membrane of this respiratory organ is covered with a large number of cilia, which, like a brush, absorb most of the harmful dust, not releasing it into the lungs. In addition, in everyday life, you must avoid those places where the air is particularly polluted. So, one should not engage in recreational running in the city streets and walk on the roadways of highways, characterized by intensive traffic of vehicles. This is especially true in those cases when the wind blows from the route. What should be the safe behavior in an unfavorable ecological situation, if it is simply impossible to change the route? In this case, one should make superficial and superficial inhalations.
Rules for safe behavior in an unfavorable ecological setting in a polluted environment should be known not only to urban residents. They also need the rural population. In the days when agrochemical processing of fields is carried out, they do not need to go out again. Doors and windows of houses in such a period must necessarily be closed.
Safety in an unfavorable ecological environment should be observed in everyday life. So, for repair it is best to buy a paint, in the composition of which there is no lead. And as a cleaning agent, it is most expedient to use calcined soda, borax or traditional laundry soap.
Also, you should avoid buying furniture, if it is made of pressed boards (EAF). After all, this material contains formaldehydes, which are harmful to health. What are the safety rules for an unfavorable environmental situation, if such boards are already installed as wall panels, flooring, etc.? Such surfaces should be covered with a sealant (natural sealant). This will significantly reduce the harmful effects of formaldehyde.
What other safety measures can be applied? In case of unfavorable environmental conditions in the room, it should be often ventilated. Just keep in mind that if there is an industrial zone near your house, then opening the window, you should take into account the direction of the blowing wind. If the air flow comes from the territories polluting the atmosphere, then from airing it is better to abstain for now. It is also recommended to have a large number of indoor plants in the house.
Water pollution
Human health depends not only on the purity of atmospheric air. Equally, it is affected by the quality of water used. According to statistics, its pollution causes 80% of pathologies associated with poor ecology.
Why did this problem arise? The fact is that today a large amount of waste from industrial and domestic enterprises, as well as from the agro-industrial complex, is discharged into water basins. It is this sphere of human activity that largely poison rivers, seas and oceans. They contain waste containing alkali and petroleum products, acids and ammonia, metal salts and phenols, synthetic resins, sulfur compounds, etc.
Various intestinal infections can be carried with contaminated water. Especially dangerous is that they can cause massive diseases. Contaminated water sometimes causes people to become infected with animal parasites (worms). Immediately the human body gets their eggs, which then turn into adult pinworms, whipworms, etc.
A serious danger to our health is in itself and the chemical composition of water. In the conditions of technogenic pollution, a large number of impurities that are unusual for a natural liquid, causing various pathologies in humans, enter the rivers and lakes. Diseases occur in connection with the presence of nitrates in water. These substances provoke the formation of methemoglobin in the blood, which prevents the flow in the body of a normal oxidative process. Especially suffer from this infants, who prepare milk mixtures on water with increased concentration of nitrates.
Reduction of the negative impact of polluted water
What are the rules for safe behavior in an unfavorable ecological situation, when so much liquid is so polluted for our body? In this case, experts recommend using boiled water. Then the body will be protected from getting into it pathogenic microbes that cause dysentery, cholera, etc., as well as from the excess amount of calcium salts. It should be borne in mind that the water coming into our house from the water supply system, primarily chlorinate. Sometimes for disinfection hyperdoses of this disinfectant are taken. As a result of the chlorination of water, dangerous dioxins appear in it, which can also harm our health. What should be the provision of security in an adverse environmental situation in this case?
To eliminate the negative effect, tap water should be poured into glassware and held for three hours. Only after that cooking food or tea will become safe, because most of the chlorine will come out of the liquid in the form of gas.
Another way to remove dioxins and other harmful substances is to use a filter. In this device water passes through the activated carbon and is completely cleaned.
Quality of products
A huge impact on human health has its food. In the conditions prevailing in the modern world, when harmful substances pollute water and atmospheric air, as well as the widespread chemicalization of soils, the quality of the products we eat decreases.
So, huge doses of pesticides and mineral fertilizers scattered on the fields to fight disease pathogens and weeds lead to an increased content of nitrates in vegetables and fruits. Getting into the body, these harmful substances come into contact with hemoglobin. As a result of this compound, megamoglobin is formed. Natural hemoglobin loses its qualities and loses the ability to carry oxygen in the body. All this has a negative effect on the person. He has oxygen starvation, accompanied by blue skin, enlarged spleen and liver, as well as anuria. In the most severe cases, even a lethal outcome is possible.
Reducing the negative impact of contaminated products
What are the rules for safe behavior in an unfavorable ecological setting, when our food can become a source of disease? First of all, they consist in a thorough washing of vegetables and fruits before they are consumed. This measure is simple, but quite effective. After all, most of the pesticides accumulate on the surface of these gifts of nature.
Measures in which it becomes possible to ensure security in an unfavorable ecological situation include the removal of peels from vegetables and fruits. This is especially important if you do not know the conditions under which these fruits were grown. It is also not recommended to eat potatoes baked in the skins. In this case, a large amount of nitrates will be collected under it. For cooking vegetables, it is best to use cooking. The concentration of nitrates will decrease:
- In potatoes - by 80%;
- In cabbage and carrots - by 70%;
- In beet - by 50%.
It is worth bearing in mind that blanching, stewing and cooking vegetables for steaming reduce the concentration of nitrates only to a small extent.
If you aspire to comply with the rules of behavior in an unfavorable ecological setting and wish to maximize the elimination of nitrates from vegetables and fruits intended for food, it is best to cut them into small pieces before cooking. This will allow harmful substances to dissolve faster in water. It is also desirable to soak the root vegetables. To do this, they are poured two or three times with warm water and kept in it for 5 to 10 minutes.
Impact of noise
Austrian experts found that the population of small towns that differ in their silence, lives 10-12 years longer than people in the metropolis. This is reflected in the absence of such a negative factor as noise. Its indicator is of the utmost importance, established by sanitary norms enshrined in legislation. So, in the daytime in a residential area, the noise should not exceed 60 dB. At night, this figure is reduced to 40 dB. The highest value of noise, which can not cause negative consequences for a person, is 100 dB. But on the busy streets of the city this figure is much larger. It often reaches a value of 120-125 dB. And this problem also causes concern among environmentalists. After all , the noise level in major Russian cities has increased almost fifteenfold in the past ten years alone. It consists of the rumble of aircraft and the roar of construction equipment, the knocking of wheels on the railway, and so on.
Noise has a negative impact on human health. Moreover, it harms not only the hearing, but also raises blood pressure, causes pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, inhibits mental activity, and also causes irritability and premature fatigue.
Reducing the negative impact of noise
What are the rules of behavior in an unfavorable ecological situation, when a person is surrounded by annoying loud noises? In production to eliminate noise, workers are given special headphones. They absorb sound and allow you to maintain a person's high performance for a long period.
What should be the behavior in case of unfavorable environmental conditions in everyday life? If the source of loud sounds is located in the next apartment, then walls and ceiling in their rooms should be finished with some noise-absorbing material. It can be ordinary foam.
Conclusion
Our planet is on the verge of an ecological crisis. And in order to prevent a catastrophe, humanity is looking for ways to save the Earth for future generations. We all believe in the victory of the mind. However, one should not remain only an outside observer. Each of us should take care of the environment and our health, carrying out the rules of conduct in an unfavorable ecological situation.
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