Sanitary treatment

Sanitary treatment is used, as a rule, for chemical and radioactive contamination. The goal is disinfection, maximum neutralization of harmful effects of active substances.

Sanitary treatment of people can be both partial and complete. Partial processing is rarely contented. As a rule, it precedes full and more thorough. It is carried out after the exit (exit) of people from the contaminated area (territory, site). Includes washing of uninfected water with all open areas of the body, rinsing the mouth, rinsing the nose. Clothes and shoes are decontaminated. In the absence of water, preliminary sanitization is performed by improvised means: hands, face and other open areas are wiped with clean cloth, foliage, grass, etc.

In contaminated areas, preliminary sanitization is carried out with protective equipment (protective suits, gas masks) put on. When exiting the hearth, clothes and protective equipment are degassed first and then the respirator (gas mask) is removed.

The anti-chemical individual package remains the best means for primary processing. When using packages, the body parts are first processed, and then the clothing with protective equipment is processed.

Then follows the complete sanitization. As in the case of partial, first, poisoning radioactive or chemical substances are removed (washed off, swept away). Then, a complete and thorough treatment of the body, clothing, and protective equipment is carried out. It takes place in specially equipped washing stations. As a rule, mobile means are used.

Clothing is removed and transferred for disinfection. Further, the arrivals are sent to a room with medical personnel. Affected people are examined, assisted (if necessary), helps to treat mucous membranes and is sent to the shower. Everyone is given soap, wipes, clean rags. The sanitary treatment lasts about 30 minutes. After the shower, people are again examined by doctors. In case of radioactive contamination, dosimetry control is additionally carried out. With high residual infection, sanitization is repeated (rewashing).

Only after this, people dress disinfected clothing and go out, not overlapping with the flow going to the treatment.

If disinfection of clothes is impossible, people are given clothes from the exchange fund (slippers, bathrobes, linens, etc.).

Sanitary treatment of premises is conducted with fixed outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by dangerous pathogenic microbes, and is aimed at destroying the pathogen (tuberculosis, hepatitis, etc.). Disinfection should be subjected to the whole group of objects, capable of being a transmission factor (source of infection) of the pathogen.

During processing, problems arise that are solved taking into account the specific features of the etiology of the disease, season, social conditions, terrain, etc. It is necessary to clearly understand what should be disinfected, when it should be carried out, by what means to carry it out.

Disinfection preventive does not depend on the detection of infection and is aimed at preventing outbreaks of the disease. Such disinfection is quite common in ordinary, everyday life. But carrying it out should be regular, as it is the regular sanitary treatment that allows to solve the tasks of current disinfection (hand washing, pasteurization of milk, disinfection of drinking water and others).

During sanitary treatment of premises:

- cleaning from dust and dirt;
- disinfection;
- Deratization;
- pest control.

If properly processed, all microorganisms, pathogenic infections, insects, rodents will be destroyed. Carry out this procedure should be an organization with a license.