Industrial society - the features of the past

Industrial society - the features of its contour line were already outlined in the first half of the XIX century. It is a society in which industrial production plays a key role in the economy. Compared with traditional, where the main violin in the economic band was played by agriculture, industrial society is distinguished by a special technological structure, a new philosophy of law and a social structure. From the sociological and political points of view, it will be more correct to speak of the emergence of modern bourgeois states and European democracies of the classical type.

Three questions for the old industry

A characteristic feature of an industrial society is a new type of organization of a social system, in which the status of professional activity is obtained by politics, public administration and entrepreneurship. At the same time, all three components are weaved into one rattling tangle when solving three fundamental problems: how to effectively manage natural and labor resources; Where to find resources for extensive development; Should modernization of technological resources modernize social relations in society? Thus, the industrial society of the feudal clan system is transformed into a bureaucratic system, where the issue of management becomes more significant than the problem of preserving and further multiplying property.

Features inherent in industrial society

1. The production system as a basic element of the economy. Elements of production are also manifested in the humanitarian spheres - culture, science, art, education. Agriculture acquires the status of a second industry, transforming into a technologically advanced and knowledge-intensive branch of the economy.
2. Social restructuring of society. The share of agriculture is reduced to 10-15% of GDP. The share of industry increases to 50-60%, wage labor becomes the main form of employment. A new industrial society is emerging. Features of the new sociality: professional specialization, urban population growth, territorial stratification (poor quarters, middle class space, rich and aristocratic areas), resettlement of villagers to the city.
3. Legal restructuring of society. Industrial society - the features of the new: the creation of constitutional systems, universal suffrage, the transition to parliamentarism (in most countries), the formation of modern party systems that reflect the ideology of opposing social, the incorporation of personal and group interests into mass ideological movements.
4. Cultural and educational revolution. Culture becomes mass and urban, in this sense - bourgeois, and not popular, rural. The Center for Social Development and Mass Communications is a city that dictates its rights to rural areas. General secondary education and the growth of labor capitalization, including through scientific and technical specialization.

conclusions

As a result, the industrial society, whose features were finally manifested in the 30s of the last century, turned out to be at a crossroads. On the one hand, the capitalization of social relations made it possible to include additional resources for the mobilization of labor. For dominant political groups, this meant strengthening their political status of the "provider" of industrial development. On the other hand, despite the obvious liberalization of political systems, the bulk of citizens were artificially removed from the production of a policy - a professional but elite occupation. The solution to this problem was concealed in the introduction of the principle of universal equality before the law. But this was done already after the Second World War.