Raising is what? Determining the level of education. The role of the family in the upbringing of the child

The psychology of upbringing is the area that occupies a central place both in psychology and in pedagogy. Such outstanding personalities as N.K. Krupskaya, A.S. Makarenko, K.D. Ushinsky, A.P. Pinkevich, P.P. Blonsky and others, did a lot to formalize the theory of pedagogy in the 19-20 centuries.

What is good breeding?

To date, education and upbringing are phenomena of great importance. Of course, modern society requires new views and ideas. It should not be asserted that the principles on which the psychology of upbringing is based are outdated. They simply require change and transformation in connection with social development. This problem is becoming more urgent in the scientific world and requires rethinking.

The study of such a question as human well-being is based on the methods and approaches of pedagogical science, which are characterized by reliability and validity. Despite the fact that pedagogy is an independent science, it uses methods of related sciences - philosophy, political science, psychology, ethics, sociology and history, and others.

Parenting is one of the most important axiological components that is part of the social structure of the individual. But this definition does not end there. Also upbringing is a system of social concepts that determine a person's life (for example, attitudes, desires, values, deeds).

Expression of cultivation

Personality education combines the common and individual aspects, which have an expression in needs, values, desires, motives and orientations. They have a behavioral form, manifested in the following:

• Man's relationship with the outside world and his life.
• Relation to the achievements of civilization and cultural values.
• Striving to realize their goals and potential opportunities.
• A sense of community with the surrounding people.
• Respect for the rights and freedoms of others.
• Active life and social position.
• Attitude towards yourself as a carrier of individuality.

The definition of the level of education should not only concern a single individual, but also entire groups of people and peoples. To achieve this character trait, they use the systemic activity of state and public institutions that are purposeful, to create special conditions that cultivate good breeding. This process is called upbringing.

Parenting is the characteristic that gives a person more opportunities to do a lot of good for other people, for themselves. Socialization of the individual includes the process of education, and it is given no small importance.

Determining the level of education

A set of methods and techniques aimed at studying the level of upbringing, the formation of those traits and personal characteristics of a person that manifest themselves in the relationships between people is called diagnostics of upbringing. Let us consider this concept in more detail.

It is quite difficult to diagnose the level of the pupil's upbringing, because the procedure itself can be influenced by various factors of the external and internal environment. For example, the lack of or unreliability of research methods, environment and much more.

In order to determine the level of education of a student or an adult, a comparison of the data obtained as a result of the diagnosis with the established norms is performed. The difference between the initial and final indicator tells us about the effectiveness of the educational process.

Classification of fertility criteria

As mentioned above, the benchmarks are the criteria of education, which at the moment are divided into different subspecies. The most popular types will be presented in this article.

The first classification divides the criteria into 2 groups:

1. Those who have a connection with phenomena that are not noticeable for the educator - plans, motivational sphere and beliefs of the person.

2. Those that are associated with the elucidation of the external form of products of upbringing - judgments, assessments and deeds.

The second classification divides the criteria into the following:

• Substantial . They determine the extent to which the content side of upbringing has been mastered (knowledge, social behavior, positive character traits and useful habits).
• Estimated . They are aimed at clear diagnostics of a separate quality, that is, the level of its formation is determined.

The third classification distinguishes such criteria of education:

1. Private . They are used to obtain intermediate results in the upbringing process.
2. General . They express the level of education that the collective or personality has achieved.

Diagnostics of fertility

In the process of research of such quality as good breeding, scientists advise to observe the technology, which includes a number of stages.

First, the experimenter organizes a classroom meeting at which you can discuss each student, or a group meeting. Only statements should be polite and not bear a big negative.

Secondly, subjects are asked to give an independent evaluation and characterization of themselves on the whole scale.

Thirdly, a meeting of teachers is organized, where they discuss the results of the study and compare them with the source codes and the criteria for education.

Fourthly, each pupil receives a general assessment on the scale of upbringing.

Fifth, the results obtained are formalized in tables and diagrams.

School and teachers are of great importance in the formation of the pupil's upbringing, but the role of the family in the upbringing of the child is even greater.

How to study well-being?

Let's consider some diagnostic methods:

• Observation . This method allows you to get information about the properties of the personality due to behavioral manifestations in different life situations.
• Conversation . During the diagnostic conversation, the experimenter can already determine the relative level of the student's upbringing.
• Questioning . Scientists have developed a special test called "Questionnaire of education." The subject fills in a question form, and the experimenter analyzes the content of the answers.
• Method of analysis and statistical methods of data processing.

And some other methods of diagnosis

Studying the phenomenon in question, we must not forget that when determining the level of education, the experimenter also diagnoses the moral essence of man. In connection with this fact, some conclusions about the upbringing can include data reflecting all the personality characteristics, because these qualities are closely interrelated.

The diagnosis of upbringing also includes a biographical method, an analysis of the products of activity, etc. It should be noted that no single device is fully versatile, because there are some requirements for their use. Therefore, if the experimenter wants to obtain voluminous reliable data, he must use a number of methods and the whole complex of diagnostic tools.

Using several methods provides the following options:

1. A clear and complete analysis of the qualities of a person.
2. Decrease in subjectivity in the assessment of upbringing, because the facts obtained are obtained from various diagnostic methods.
3. Defining the minuses and shortcomings in the educational process of students.

Underwater rocks

Thanks to the computerization of diagnostic technology, it is much easier to receive and process information on levels of upbringing, and general conclusions indicate the reliability and reliability of the available data. But any pedagogical technology, including diagnostic one, has both advantages and disadvantages.

First, the diagnosis of education is not well understood, and therefore its methodological base is not sufficiently developed. A teacher planning diagnostics will face unreliability of one or another technique, and the results he will receive will not be accurate enough and reliable.

Secondly, many methods used in diagnosis are labor intensive and require a considerable amount of time. For example, the accuracy of the results of observation will depend on its duration.

Thirdly, certain means, such as questionnaires and interviews, are unlikely to give accurate and reliable data.

The use of various methods and methods of diagnosing child education allows the teacher to consider this phenomenon holistically. Of course, there are some shortcomings and inaccuracies in the presented technology, but it is successfully used by specialists in their practical activities.

Family influence

Probably, it should not be recalled once again that the role of the family in the upbringing of the child is simply enormous, and what is laid down in childhood has a strong impact on the person and life of the person in the future. At the preschool age, parents are the main authority, and they form many personality qualities. At school age, the moneys inherited by the father and mother are manifested.

If the child receives a sufficient amount of love, caring, attention and positive emotions in the family, he will grow up educated. Negative atmosphere, conflicts and quarrels are reflected even on the smallest man. The role of the family in the upbringing of the child is not exaggerated, because in such conditions the vital position of the baby is formed.

It is also worth noting that parents themselves are role models. If the upbringing is a feature of the mother and father, then it will be in the child. For example, the anxiety of the mother is easily transmitted to the child through invisible emotional threads, as well as other aspects. Good manners and courtesy in communication, children will absorb like a sponge from a family environment. Aggressive and unrestrained behavior of the father will be expressed in the fact that the child will fight with other children.

Importance of parental authority

Mother and father should not lose sight of different aspects of education. It is necessary to explain everything to the kid in a language that he understands. Having matured, the child will no longer need parental moralizing and will begin to protest. Do not leave the baby alone with the problem, be around, help, but do not do everything for him, because the child must acquire his own experience.

A family is a safe area where one can teach and prepare a small person for different situations, form different models of behavior. Parents show the baby what's good, what's bad, what can be done, and what not. Remember that you are an ideal, an example for your child. If you teach a child that lying is bad, then do not deceive yourself.

Instead of concluding

It happens that parents can not find a general decision about education, and conflicts arise. It is not necessary for a child to see and hear this. Remember that this is a new personality with its capabilities, resources, desires, and not just a parent continuation that can realize your unfulfilled hopes. Educating a person is not an easy process, but very interesting!