Population of Almaty: dynamics, current indicators, national composition, specificity

Almaty is the largest city in Kazakhstan. It is located in the south-eastern part of the country, at the foot of the Trans-Ili Alatau. The population of Almaty is about 1.7 million inhabitants. Although the city is no longer the capital of the country, it remains an important financial, cultural and economic object of Central Asia. This article is devoted to the demographic trends of Almaty.

Dynamics

Strengthening of the Faithful was founded in the middle of the XIX century to protect Russian borders from attacks by Kokand khans. In ancient times, there already existed a large settlement, which was called Almaty. However, it was completely destroyed in the XIV century by the soldiers of Timur. Then the population totaled only 470 people. All of them were officers and soldiers of the detachment of Major Peremyshlsky.

Then the peasants and Kazakhs from Siberia and the provinces of Central Russia begin to move here. In the neighborhood formed Tatar slobodka. In 1859, the population of Almaty was already five thousand. It should be noted that until 1921 the city was called Verny. Then it was renamed. In 1867 he was given the status of a city.

In 1879 the population of Almaty was already 18,423 thousand people. Over the next thirty years, the number of residents has doubled. On the eve of the Second World, the population of Almaty has already exceeded two hundred thousand. Over the next twenty years, the number of residents of the city has doubled. It should be noted that from 1929 to 1997, Almaty was the capital of Kazakhstan. This contributed to such rapid population growth. In 1970, 665 thousand people lived in the city. In the early 1980s, the population of Almaty already exceeded one million. In 1989 there were 1,071,900 people living in the city. In 1999, it was already 1,129 million. In 2009 there were 1,361,877 people living in the city. In 2014, the city's population exceeded 1.5 million.

Current indicators

Today, Almaty has the status of the southern capital of Kazakhstan, the largest financial, scientific and cultural center of the country. It houses the residence of the head of state and government. The population of Almaty, according to data for 2016, is 1.713 million people. This is 1.1 times more than in 2015. Thus, the number of residents of the southern capital of Kazakhstan for the year increased by 160 thousand people. The population of the Almaty agglomeration has long exceeded two million. The city itself is divided into eight districts. Until 2014, there were seven of them.

National composition

The population of Almaty is very diverse. Up to the middle of the XX century the share of Russians in its composition reached 70%. And only in the middle of the 2000s the Kazakhs were in the majority. To date, Russians are about a quarter of the population of Almaty.

The last census was carried out in 2010. She showed that 51.06% of the city's population are Kazakhs, 33.02% Russians, 5.73% Uyghurs, 1.9% Koreans, 1.82% Tatars, and 1.24% Ukrainians. The share of all other ethnic groups individually does not exceed 1%. Among them are Azerbaijanis, Germans, Uzbeks, Dungans, Turks, Kirghiz, Chechens, Ingush, Byelorussians, Armenians and Kurds.

It should be noted that before the collapse of the USSR the situation was radically different. According to the 1989 census, Kazakhs constituted only 23.8% of the city's population. But the share of Russians then exceeded 50%. Since then, the situation has changed. Kazakhs are now in the majority. This is due to the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent isolation of its peoples.

Specificity

The proportion of the population of Almaty in the total number of residents of Kazakhstan is almost 10%. For 10 women living in the southern capital, there are 8 men. The latter is 146 thousand fewer. However, the structure of the age group from 0 to 16 years looks quite different. There are fewer girls than boys. The average life expectancy in Almaty is, according to data for 2016, 75.3 years. This is the highest rate in the country. And women live 8.5 years longer than men.

The natural increase is positive, as is migration. Most of all in Almaty come from the outskirts of the city, South Kazakhstan and Zhambyl regions. In 2016, 18 babies were born per 1,000 inhabitants. This is the average for the country. And for 2016 twins were born at 200 mums, and triplets - at two. The average size of the Almaty family is 3.4 people. The density of the city's population is 2521 inhabitants per square kilometer. This is twice as much as in the capital of Kazakhstan Astana. In 2016, in Almaty, there were two divorces for 10 marriages. The most popular names of children are the following: Ayaru, Aizere, Isltan, Ryan, Ramazan and Nurislam.