Scientific research and Lomonosov's contribution to literature

Mikhailo Vasilievich Lomonosov has always gone down in history as a great reformer of the Russian language and versification. Russian literature in the XVIII century was influenced by significant changes that came to the cultural and social life of the country after the reforms of Peter. MV Lomonosov was at the beginning of the birth of a new Russian literature. He is not only a great scholar of his time, but also the best poet of that era. So what is the contribution of Lomonosov to literature? His pen belongs to works of completely different genres: fables, epigrams, lyric poems, satirical, odes, tragedies. But his merit is not only this.

The reform of the Russian language

We also associate the name of Lomonosov with the reform of the Russian language. He was the first to create a scientific Russian grammar. His work on three styles, the essence of which is that the church-book speech is obsolete and is a kind of brake, was revolutionary at that time. Therefore, it is difficult to overestimate Lomonosov's contribution to the development of literature. He was the first to call for an understandable and lively language. And for this, borrow all the best from the people's speech and introduce these elements into artistic works. In his "Letter on the Rules of Russian Poetry" (1739), he says that the language should be developed based on its natural properties, and not borrow elements of someone else's speech. But this remark is very relevant in our days, when the Russian language is full of English-language terms, Americanisms that displace native speech.

MV Lomonosov: contribution to the Russian language and literature

Linguistics and literary criticism are multifaceted sciences. In the process of studying them, attention is paid to the stylistics. And then Lomonosov's contribution to literature is truly invaluable. He suggested using low, mediocre and high styles. What it is? High style was to be used for writing odes, poems, celebratory speeches. Medium for friendly letters. And the low style recommended to expound the usual stories, composing comedies, epigrams, songs. In this vein, it was allowed to use French. Thus, Mikhail Vasilyevich harmoniously combined both the old and the new into one.

The phrase that Lomonosov made a huge contribution to the development of the Russian language and literature is not just pathetic. He possessed deep knowledge in the field of exact sciences, was familiar with Western European languages, Latin and Greek. Natural talents allowed Lomonosov to lay the foundation of Russian scientific, technical terminology. His advice in this area is of great importance at the present time. We often do not even notice that many of the terms compiled according to his recommendations are still used today. For example, the specific weight, the axis of the earth ... It was Mikhailo Vasilievich who introduced into scientific terminology a number of words having ordinary everyday significance: motion, particles, experiments. Gradually, these innovations replaced the old terminology. So the great famous Russian scientist laid the foundations of a scientific language, without which it would be difficult to manage modern scholars and ordinary citizens.

Achievements in the field of literary creativity

And now let us return to the main topic of our conversation and recall (and someone, perhaps, only learns) what was Lomonosov's contribution to literature ... It should be said that he completed the reform of versification and supported it with his own works of a poetic genre.

In addition, Lomonosov contributed to the emergence of classicism in Russian literature. With his ode he glorified the victories of the Russians over his enemies ("Ode to the Taking of Khotin"). But they were attended by both scientific and religious topics ("Morning Reflection on the Majesty of God"). Lomonosov was by nature a poet-citizen. In his works he vividly demonstrates his own attitude to poetry. Mikhailo Vasilievich sings the Empress Elizabeth as a supporter of education, welcomes peace and tranquility as a pledge of the development of sciences. He praises the reforms of Peter.

And how the poet describes the expanses of Mother Russia, the seas, rivers and forests! All these riches must be learned and placed at the service of the state and people by learned people. Lomonosov deeply believed in the Russian people. In his opinion, the strength and good of the power lie in the development of exact sciences.

Multifaceted personality

Lomonosov's contribution to literature is both the new dimension of the verse, and the other speech and content. In fact, this is the beginning of a new era in literature. It should be noted that, for all the value of Lomonosov's works in this field, they were only incidental for him. His main specialization was natural science. In this area, the genius of this man manifested itself with greater force. And he looked at his literary works as the most good form of expressing revolutionary thoughts. Lomonosov also used such forms of poetry as epigrams, satirical works, poetic playful plays. With the boring nature of the literature of those times, his plays were occasionally provoked by a storm and sharp criticism.

Proceedings of the great scientist

Lomonosov introduced the theory of classicism into the nascent Russian literature, where it dominated the entire eighteenth century. The most important works of Mikhail Vasilievich in the field of the Russian literary language and versification were: "Russian Grammar" (1755-1757), "Discourse on the Benefits of the Church Book in the Russian Language" (1757), "Letter on the Rules of Russian Poetry" (1739). To appreciate Lomonosov's contribution to literature and language, it is necessary to understand the situation in which Russian was at that time. In ancient Russian writing, a sharp discrepancy was established between literary speech, the living language of the "book". This situation lasted seven centuries. But with the reforms of Peter the Great there is an indefinite mixture of new elements. And only Lomonosov, with his characteristic genius, managed to build out of chaos the orderly rows of the new literary language. In the study of Russian grammar, Mikhailo Vasilyevich first formulated strict scientific rules, precisely defining the difference between literary and ecclesiastical language.

Summing up

What did MV Lomonosov do for us? The contribution to the Russian language and the literature of this scholarly husband is truly enormous, however, as well as achievements in the field of exact sciences. He expanded the boundaries of strictly regulated poetics of classicism, showed further ways of development of domestic versification. Poets-romantics will use his techniques and in the early nineteenth century. Mihailo Vasilievich became the founder of the ode, having developed a special poetic form, necessary for the presentation of high patriotic ideas.

This was Lomonosov's contribution to Russian literature.