König's disease: causes, symptoms and ways of treatment

König's disease is a rather dangerous condition, which is accompanied by gradual cartilage necrosis. It is worth noting that the area of necrosis is clearly limited by articular cartilage and that part of the bone tissue that adjoins it. Over time, the cartilaginous tissue covering the bone begins to peel off and, in the most severe conditions, completely separates.

König's disease and its causes

In fact, the causes of this disease have not yet been studied, although there are many theories. At one time it was believed that necrosis is the result of an inflammatory process. Nevertheless, using the methods of modern medicine it was proved that there are no signs of inflammation in the affected joint.

To date, there are several assumptions. For example, it is believed that necrotic process occurs with ischemia, when the joints do not receive the required amount of blood, and, consequently, oxygen and nutrients. Some scientists also suggest that the detachment of cartilage is associated with permanent microtrauma, severe fractures, a violation of bone growth processes, anatomical features of the joint structure, and heredity. In any case, there is no unanimous opinion on this score.

König disease: the main symptoms

In most cases necrosis occurs in the knee or hip joint. Nevertheless, sometimes ulnar and radial joints can be affected. In most cases, the disease manifests itself in men under the age of 20 years. Of course, the disease is diagnosed in women. It is proved that athletes most often suffer from this ailment.

The main symptom of Koenig is joint pain, which is intensified after heavy physical exertion and sports training. In addition, a very strong crunch is characteristic when flexing and extending the joint. Sometimes soft tissues, located above dying cartilage, swell. As the disease progresses, freedom of movement is greatly limited. For example, many patients can not fully bend or bend the limb, and also complain of weakness in the joints.

In any case, such symptoms should be followed by an appointment with a doctor.

König's disease: methods of diagnosis

After the specialist acquaints himself with the patient's complaints, he will appoint a number of studies. First you need to make an x-ray. Sometimes a doctor performs an X-ray examination of two joints at once to compare the characteristics of their structure. In addition, a computer tomography is performed , with the help of which it is possible to determine the location of the detachment of the cartilage. Sometimes also requires magnetic resonance imaging, which gives a clear image, both bones and joints, and soft tissue.

König's disease: treatment

In the early stages of the disease, conservative methods of treatment are effective. The patient is prescribed drugs that activate the regeneration processes, and also improve the blood circulation and nutrition of the joint. In addition, the patient must give up physical exertion and regularly do special exercises.

Unfortunately, medicines and physiotherapy are not always effective. Sometimes the only way out is surgery.