Endometriosis: diagnosis, treatment, prevention

Endometriosis occurs today in every tenth woman. And, if before it was diagnosed in patients after 35, now the peak incidence falls on 25 years. The most unpleasant consequence of this ailment is infertility. With him, every third woman with this pathology is familiar.

Endometriosis, the diagnosis of which presents some difficulties, has four stages in its development. The earlier treatment is started, the better the prognosis. With this disease, tissue, similar to the endometrium, begins to grow in places where this is not provided. Like the mucosa of the uterus, it has receptors for progesterone and estrogens, so it undergoes cyclic changes and is rejected during menstruation.

This leads to the fact that in the affected tissues there are hemorrhages, there is swelling, inflammation, adhesions. These phenomena are accompanied by pain. It can appear during menstruation or be constant, intensifying during this period. However, in the initial stages of the disease, pain can be absent. The organ with endometriotic foci increases in size, its functioning is disturbed.

Experts still do not know the causes of endometriosis. On this account, there are several theories, but the triggers of this disease are established:

• Immune and hormonal disorders;
• Stress;
• Surgical interventions on the uterus;
• Malnutrition, lack of vitamins;
• Somatic diseases;
• Violation of the cycle;
• Infection and inflammation of the genitals.

Therefore, the prevention of endometriosis is to exclude these factors. In addition, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist for early diagnosis and timely treatment of diseases, including STDs. It is important to improve immunity, eat right, exercise, walk in the fresh air. It is necessary to exclude abortions.

Endometriosis, diagnosed on the basis of patient complaints, examination, ultrasound, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, colposcopy, is often confused with other diseases. So, for example, with this pathology, inflammations are treated long and unsuccessfully.

So, the symptoms of endometriosis :

• Painful, profuse and prolonged periods;
• infertility;
• Pelvic pain, depending on the phase of the cycle;
• Bleeding;
• Pain during sex ;
• Violation of the cycle.

It is with such complaints that patients usually come to the gynecologist. Although no symptoms may not be. Often the only symptom is infertility, which forces a woman to be examined.

By the nature of pain, an experienced doctor can assume the localization of the process. After all, endometrioid heterotopia can be in myometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix, vagina, peritoneum, bladder, intestines, surgical sutures and extremely rarely in the lungs and brain.

A two-handed examination helps to detect enlarged and painful organs before menstruation, and a decrease in their size after. For the diagnosis of endometriosis of the vagina and cervix, colposcopy is used. In this case, the doctor examines the cervix under a microscope, treating with various solutions.

Diagnosis of adenomyosis (endometriosis of the muscular layer of the uterus) is helped by ultrasound, hysteroscopy and hysterosal-lingping. The last procedure is used to check the patency of the pipes. A special substance is injected into the uterus and X-rays are taken. Hysteroscopy - examination of the uterus from the inside with an optical device.

External endometriosis, diagnosed with laparoscopy, is a defeat of the tubes and ovaries. This manipulation can, if pathology is detected, go into surgery. The doctor dissects spikes and removes the maximum number of affected areas.

Women with this diagnosis are interested in how to treat endometriosis effectively. Everything depends on the severity, localization of the process and the desire to have a child. Conservative therapy is carried out with the help of hormonal drugs, which are selected individually. Surgery and medication are often combined. In the most severe cases, the uterus and appendages are removed.

Thus, endometriosis, the diagnosis of which presents some difficulties, can lead to such grave consequences as infertility and severe pain syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct its treatment in a timely manner. Diagnostics include examination, ultrasound, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy and hysterosalpingography. The treatment is prompt and conservative. For the prevention of endometriosis, stresses, interventions on the uterus, timely treatment of immune and hormonal disorders, as well as other diseases should be eliminated.