IP - what is it?

With the development of Internet technologies and websites, the question arises as to how a computer device will receive information from the server at the user's request without using an address. This is how to send information to the ocean without knowing the recipient's address. It is for this reason that each computer connected to the network has a unique address consisting of four parts separated by dots. What is the data transmission scheme, how does the IP work and what does it consist of, what is it - fixed and floating types of addresses?

What the IP address of the device consists of and how it is assigned

The network administrator automatically assigns a unique address to any computer that is connected to the router or ordinary cable. Through it, the user can access all servers on the Internet or computers on the local network. Address figures are taken from the range from 0 to 255. There is not a single address on the Internet that duplicates an already existing one. It turns out that IP devices, like your identification number, are of an individual nature. It is through the IP address of the computer that you can access sites, download information or send it to someone via mail, a social network or through other programs, such as Skype.

To find out which web resources a particular computer uses, you need to contact the provider directly. Thus, this information is quickly calculated if, of course, the computer user does not bother to hide the IP through the online service Hideme.ru or another, more expensive software-anonymizer.

In addition, by IP there is an excellent opportunity to monitor the physical location of the computer, up to the city. For example, in the social network "VKontakte" there is an opportunity to trace which IP-address the attackers could enter into your account. Having learned this information, you can easily calculate the country and city from which you entered the page.

Types of IP-addresses

Many do not know not only about the existing types of addresses, but also about the IP itself: what it is, what it decodes and what it consists of. Let's try to understand these issues.
If the computer is connected only to a private network, it has an internal address. It can be called differently: gray, local or private. In different networks, there is a possibility of using the same address, that is, it can be repeated. The public type can be the only one among all possible options. It can be called global or external. Thanks to him we have access to all files and web resources. To increase the number of addresses resorted to their translation. What it is? Using NAT technology, only the gateway number is displayed on the network, all computers connected to the network will have only one IP.
In addition to internal and external separation, there is a static, assigned to your computer and not changing over time, and the dynamic IP address of the computer. With each connection to the Internet, the dynamic address can change. To permanently fix the same IP, there is a paid option to connect a fixed address. It is provided by your provider. Thanks to a fixed IP address, your computer can become a server on the global Internet.

Existing classes of IP networks

• Class "A" is in the range from 1 to 126. This is the largest class of networks. It has 16777216 node addresses.
• "B" has values from 127 to 191 and has 65536 knots.
• In class "C" IP addresses - what is it? Usually these are small networks. The class contains 256 addresses.
• There is also a group address of the network. It starts with a sequence of binary code 1110 and belongs to class D.
• Addresses of class E are already reserved for subsequent use.

How to find out your IP

You can find out the IP address in several ways. One of the easiest methods to find out the address of your PC is to use the command line. You can call it by typing "cmd" in the search box if you are using Windows 7.

You can call it in the same way in Windows XP.

By setting ipconfig, you will see not only your current IP address on the monitor, but also other parameters, such as the default gateway and subnet mask.

There is another way to find out your IP - through a lot of existing online resources. Such websites are able to show not only the address, but also the provider, your physical location, the operating system used and even the browser. Such web resources to calculate your IP for free will display all the necessary data. It is possible to view the internal IP of a computer device by going to the properties menu of your LAN connection.

Services for determining someone else's IP

You already understand a little how to find out your fixed or dynamic computer address and a little bit about the concept of IP: what it is and what classes it is divided into. Now for the purpose of information it is necessary to consider how to determine the address of someone else's computer. Such information will help to disclose the attacker or find out the address of your interlocutor. There are services that can show this information. It is necessary to generate a link on the site of tracking someone else's IP-address. Once a user of another computer clicks on the link, the resource will automatically determine its IP and store it in its report. Thus, you can find out the address of the computer machine of your interlocutor.

conclusions

The above mentioned basic information about IP: what it is, what kinds and classes are divided, the main ways how to determine your own and another's address. But you must remember that you can not use someone else's IP address for any negative purposes. This is not only illegal, but also immoral. In our highly informational age, there are many opportunities to learn more detailed information: how the network address of the Internet Protocol Address node works, how to organize your server, and a host of other data related to connecting to the global WAN. Many people ask themselves: "Why should my IP be unique and what do the numbers in it mean?" The question is not complicated. As everyone knows, a computer device operates with numbers. A special coding system processes any information signals, translating them into binary code, so it passes through information exchange on the global network. The signals are transmitted over the twisted pair through a specially broadcast protocol TCP / IP, NAT (Network Address Translation) or others. Dedicated address provides an opportunity to know where the signals come from and where to send them. Here's a small data transfer scheme.