"Gazel-405" (engine injector): characteristics, repair and operation

The car "Gazel-405", the engine-injector of which taught the injection system, which allows to effectively spend and distribute the fuel mixture through the system, is used in cargo and passenger transportation. The design of the power unit differs from the predecessor by the presence of 16 valves. This motor is considered to be a series of ZMZ produced by Zavolzhsky plant.

How does an injector motor work?

The principle of the injector engine is to supply fuel through injectors controlled by the electronic control unit (ECU). The controller monitors the parameters of the state of the power plant, calculates the need for supply and quantity of fuel, ensures the correction of the fuel flow by the pulse width.

The ECU is able to evaluate the results of calculations and commands, as well as remember the previously performed manipulations, coordinating the further action with it. The process of intellectual development of the unit takes place continuously and lasts throughout the life of the car. Fuel supply in the car "Gazel-405" (engine injector) can be carried out in two ways:

1. Synchronous version - with a fixed crankshaft position.
2. Asynchronous feed - regardless of the crankshaft rotation.

The first method is advantageous. Asynchronously, fuel is normally supplied when the power unit is started. The injectors are operated in pairs or alternately.

Characteristics

The injector engine on the Gazel business car has the following technical characteristics:

• The type of engine is a four-stroke gasoline unit with 4 cylinders.
• Injection system - microprocessor control with ignition and air supply.
• The volume of cylinders (cubic cm) is 2 464.
• Standard power at a rotation speed of 4.5 thousand revolutions is 214 Nm.
• The filter is an air dry exchange element.
• Cooling system - closed type with forced circulation.
• Generator - with built-in unit and voltage controller.
• Sensors for monitoring system overheating and oil pressure.
• The starter is a remote, electromagnetic version with a reducer.

Technically, the engine capacity of 2.46 liters and a power of 140 horsepower allows the car to overtake, perform a steep maneuver at full load.

Powertrain features

Owners of the car "Gazelle-405" engine-injector is impressive, especially the indicator of fuel consumption. It is from 8 liters on the highway to 13 in a mixed cycle when driving around the city. Also economically consumed oil: about 100 grams per thousand kilometers. In a single-point system, the manifold is equipped with only one nozzle for all cylinders. In a distributed block, each of them has its own collector. And with direct injection, fuel is supplied directly to the cylinders like a diesel engine.

Injection cars are more economical, since accurate dosing takes place. In addition, the environmental friendliness of exhaust gases entering the environment corresponds to the "Euro 3" standard, the power factor is increased by 10%.

This power unit is adapted to domestic climatic conditions. It well tolerates heat, strong cold and sharp temperature fluctuations. The power plant clearly and reliably operates in the harshest and most difficult climatic zones. It runs without problems in a strong frost.

Malfunctions and their elimination

Like any technical product, the motor Gazelle-Business is susceptible to breakdowns. Sometimes it needs repair for various reasons. The most common problems are:

1. The motor does not start. Most likely, there is no fuel supply to the injectors. It is necessary to use the appropriate fuel, rinse and clean the fuel intake.
2. The tightness of the pipeline between the tank and the electric pump is broken. Check the connection points and restore the tightness.
3. There is a problem with the control electronics. It is necessary to replace the defective parts of the unit.
4. A weak power set indicates problems in the electronic control system. After testing, replace the bad element.
5. There is a clogging of the fine filter. In this case, the filter element must be replaced.
6. The appearance of air in the fuel block. It is necessary to check and ensure the tightness of the system.
7. If there are any problems in the fuel pump, replace the faulty injectors.

Repair and adjustment

Incorrectly regulated gasoline pumps Gazel-405 (injector) provoke an increase in fuel consumption and the appearance of unnatural black smoke. To solve the problem, it is necessary to adjust the pump operation and the injection angle. A non-operating injector requires a timely replacement. A blue smoke from the exhaust system indicates an excessive oil consumption. This may be due to the wear of the piston rings that need to be replaced.

In the event of wear of the guide sleeves or bearings of the crankshaft, it is necessary to replace them with new elements. Too white smoke from the exhaust system indicates an increase in fuel consumption. In this case, it may be necessary to replace the injector. If the "Gazelle-405" (injector) does not start, it is necessary to check the thermostat (replace if necessary) or to clean the fuel intake, ensure a normal supply of fuel to the injectors.

Maintenance and Prevention

The principle of the injector engine is based on monitoring the fuel supply by electronics. Due to this preventive maintenance the motor is required approximately every 12 thousand kilometers of run (on the manufacturer's recommendation). In this case, the oil and filter are changed.

If the "Gazel-405" (engine-injector) is working in intensive mode, it is recommended to service the engine every 8-10 thousand kilometers of run, since under heavy loads oil changes its chemical composition faster and loses its properties.

Adjustment of the valves with the installation of appropriate washers is recommended to be carried out every 15 thousand. In addition, it is necessary to check the gas distribution mechanism, because a belt break can lead to deformation of the valves, which is fraught with expensive repair or even replacement of the cylinder head.