Garden orchid: species, planting, care, peculiarities of cultivation

Everyone has become accustomed to the fact that the orchid room became an ordinary plant in our apartments. But there for them special conditions have been created, beginning with the ground and ending with the temperature. Is it possible to grow orchids in an ordinary garden, and even without shelter? It turns out that there are such flowers. Their name is a garden orchid.

Description

Orchid - a tropical flower, unusual in form, mysterious and tender. Its flowers resemble colorful butterflies. This monocotyledonous plant, which has only 600 species, and even varieties - several thousand.

Flowers are usually collected in brushes or spikelets, sometimes they are found solitary.

Air roots, she clings to the bark of trees growing nearby. There is humus, which feeds on the orchid. Such species are called epiphytes. They are placed on citrus, oak, magnolia.

But there are those that grow in the ground. They are called lithophytes. Many of them have tubers or thick rhizomes deepened into the ground for a short distance.

Varieties of garden orchids

In southern regions, you can plant such types of garden orchids, as Pollzegolovnik and Lyubka. But they are very demanding on growing conditions. Therefore, they were not widely disseminated. Even more difficult to care for Kremastroy changeable. But Venerin's slipper (see photo in this article) can grow in the gardens of the southern strip, without requiring special care. But first you need to work hard to create suitable conditions for him.

Site preparation

First create a "garden" in which a garden orchid will grow. They are looking for a site with poor, but loose soil, which easily passes through the air. The moisture should not stagnate there. If there is no such site, it is possible to prepare forest land, add claydite, sand, gravel there. Planted first "forest" - dwarf conifers. It can be pine, fir, juniper, cypress. Then place ferns. Wait at least one year, better - a couple of years. The site is ready for planting orchids.

If you do this before, the garden orchid can take root, but it will constantly hurt. On the leaves the fungus will settle, they will be spoiled by dark spots. This is due to the fact that the orchid does not produce mycorrhizas with these plants, which helps fight with pathogenic fungi. If the culture is planted on time, the fungal diseases will be fearless to her.

Feedback from some users suggests that their garden orchids grow well next to hosts, tree-like peonies. They are also adjacent to deciduous plants. And, although there are no conifers around, these garden orchids look good.

Kinds of shoes

A real shoe is a forest plant, rather capricious. Its petals are narrow, wrapped in the form of a spiral. It grows well on nutrient-rich soils, but it constantly gets sick, so it's better to plant them on poor forest soils. They will grow worse, but they look better.

The peduncle is large-flowered - with flowers of pink color, larger than the present one. His petals are not curved, like a real slipper, more smooth and slightly wider.

Often there are various hybrids of modern and large-flowered shoes. They come from spontaneous pollination between these plants. Therefore, it is not always possible to determine exactly the type of garden orchid.

One of the hybrids of these species has its name - the slippery swollen. This name he received for his bloated lip. The color and shape of the petals of hybrid varieties depend on the acidity of the soil. The bigger it is, the brighter the color. The yellow slipper and the queen's slipper were considered unsuitable for growing in our gardens because of low frost resistance. But in recent years, they are increasingly appearing on flower beds.

Orchid Shoe patchy grows well on shaded beds. Its root system is located close to the surface of the earth, therefore on a sunny place it will not last long.

There are also garden hybrids that need to be sheltered for the winter from frosts. But they did not get a wide circulation because of difficulties with leaving.

Such varieties as Yatabe and Tibetan have not yet been studied and are not adapted to our conditions.

The original form has a garden orchid tritsirtis. This plant is about 70 cm tall and has a flower diameter of 4 cm. It is more like a lily. The colors of tricitris are varied. The petals are yellow, white, covered with dark dots. Plant in the open ground can tritsitris short-haired and broad-leaved.

Planting a shoe

In nature, orchids grow in the forest. Therefore, they should be planted in a shady place. You can even on the north side. The soil must be loose, it is easy to let in air. Dry soil orchid does not like a slipper, but does not tolerate moisture. Acidity is 7 pH.

Ordinary earth shoe does not fit. It is necessary to take expanded clay, crushed bark of a tree, moss and charcoal (for 1 hour). They will serve as drainage for the flower. Add to the ground a peat of neutral acidity (2 hours). Dig a pit 50 cm wide and 10 cm deep. Pour a mound to a third of the height. Establish on its top the root of an orchid. The rest of the place is covered with the remaining soil. Watered with warm water. Above, you must grind the area of needles.

Features of cultivation of tricitris

Tricitris is less demanding of the soil. It must be fertile. A loose chernozem will do the best. It grows well in the penumbra. But the sun should light it half a day. And late-flowering varieties should be in a lighted place.

In winter, cover with mulch or cover materials. In early spring it is cleaned. In the middle lane they grow in tubs and hide in the room for the winter.

Used for decoration of curbs.

Orchid epiphytes are grown, tied with a rope to a tree. But they do not grow in the open ground here, so we should not talk about them. What care is required for garden orchids?

Care

Orchid Venus shoe (photo - in our article) should be watered regularly. Constantly ensure that the soil does not dry up. It will not be waterlogged, because it is well drained.

Periodically, you need to feed garden orchids with complex fertilizers that do not contain urea.

Weeds that have grown close to the orchid are removed very carefully. If they are large, it is better to cut them so as not to injure the roots of the plant.

A garden orchid loves rain, so it can be irrigated in the morning and evening.

In autumn, the orchid is cut off, leaving 2 cm above the ground. Mulch the fallen leaves.

Reproduction

The garden orchids can be multiplied by dividing the bush. As soon as it grows and it has 3 false bulbs, and this happens quite quickly, you can separate the shoots with one or three growth buds, sprinkle the cut with wood ash and plant it in a prepared place. Thus, the garden orchid of Cattleya, Cymbidium, multiplies.

Comments of gardeners say that their garden orchids grow not only in the shade, but also in sunny or slightly shaded areas, while they feel fine, and the blossoms begin even earlier than those planted in the shade.