Ganglia-blockers (preparations): indications, instructions for use, mechanism of action

In addition to the central nervous system in the human body, there is also a vegetative nervous system that controls the work of many internal organs. More recently, scientists have brought out a new group of chemicals, called "ganglioblokatory." Preparations from this group can control the work of the autonomic nervous system, improve the patient's condition in many diseases.

Basic information

Thanks to numerous nerve endings, the vegetative system controls the activity of almost all internal organs (lungs, heart, intestines, etc.). The work of the most autonomic nervous system is regulated by the brain. Transmission of nerve impulses is due to specific chemical substances. In some clinical cases, it may be necessary to block the transmission of nerve impulses, that is, to stop the production of these substances. This problem can be solved by ganglion blockers.

Drugs can be of short, medium and long duration. Such agents are used in anesthesiology, for the treatment of complex cases of toxicosis of pregnant women, hypertension. However, the effect of ganglion blockers is not always effective and may be accompanied by side effects. Therefore, it is absolutely impossible to use such medications without consulting a doctor. Most drugs are not released in the pharmacy without a prescription.

"Hygronius"

The drug is available in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution. The drug is injected intravenously or intramuscularly. You can not just buy at the pharmacy "Gigronium." Prescription should be prescribed by the attending physician. Due to ganglion-blocking action, the drug is used in anesthesia, when it is necessary to monitor the patient's pressure. In addition, the drug is used in obstetric practice. With his help, it is possible to stop attacks of eclampsia.

"Hygrony" has a number of contraindications. This includes thromboses, hypotension, acute stage of myocardial infarction, renal or hepatic insufficiency. In old age (after 65 years) the medicine is used with caution. Some patients may develop hypersensitivity.

Ganglioblokiruyuschee effect is observed after 5 minutes after intravenous administration of the drug and persists for 15-20 minutes. This is sufficient for short-term control of blood pressure (with simple surgical interventions).

"Azamethonium bromide"

The drug is a potent ganglion blocker. The active component selectively blocks the vegetative nerve receptors. "Azamethonium bromide" is widely used in hypertensive crises, bronchial asthma, pulmonary edema and brain. With the help of the drug it is possible to control arterial pressure in anesthesiology, to condition the condition of pregnant patients suffering from eclampsia.

The drug is used in the form of injections (intramuscular or intravenous). The exact dosage is determined by the doctor in accordance with the patient's disease, individual characteristics of the organism. In this case, contra-indications are necessarily taken into account. These include the following conditions: closed-angle glaucoma, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, disruption of kidney and liver, acute period of myocardial infarction. Precautions are used in elderly people, as well as in patients suffering from bronchial asthma, thrombophlebitis.

Gangleron

Due to the blocking of vegetative impulses, the drug has anesthetic and antispasmodic effect. With peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, the "Gangleron" remedy is widely used. The instruction indicates that the drug can also be prescribed for angina pectoris, impaired mobility of the gastrointestinal tract. The drug is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The dosage is determined by the doctor.

The medication has its contraindications, as well as other ganglion blockers. Drugs of this type are not used for arterial hypotension, with degenerative changes in the central nervous system. In rare cases, hypersensitivity to the active ingredient may develop. In no case should you administer the medication intravenously. This can lead to a sharp drop in blood pressure.

"Benzohexonium"

The drug is considered one of the most popular in the treatment of hypertension. Allows to quickly enough to suppress the hypertensive crisis "Benzohexonium". Instructions for use indicate that the drug can also be prescribed for chronic gastritis, certain forms of bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. For the treatment of mild pathologies, tablets "Benzohexonium" are used. The instructions for use indicate that the preparation is also available in the form of a solution for injection.

The medicine is used to lower blood pressure in surgical practice (anesthetic action). In this case, the drug is used in the form of a solution, it is administered intravenously. A solution for intramuscular injection can be used to treat stomach diseases.

Improper medication can lead to the development of side effects (weakness, dizziness, dry mouth). Deterioration of state of health is associated with a sharp drop in blood pressure. Use of the drug is recommended in a hospital, where the patient can be provided with timely assistance in case of collapse.

"Pentamine"

The drug has a pronounced hypotensive effect. Widely used in hypertensive crises drug "Pentamine". The instruction indicates that it is available in the form of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection. The active ingredient is azometonium bromide.

The medication is used in hospital settings and can be prescribed in the following pathological processes: cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, a sharp increase in blood pressure, acute attacks of bronchial asthma, intestinal cramps, renal colic. To create controlled hypotension, Pentamine can also be used in anesthesia. The instruction indicates that the medicine is dispensed exclusively by prescription.

The drug has the same contraindications as other ganglion blockers. This is myocardial infarction, hypotension, thrombophlebitis, occlusive glaucoma.

"Imechin"

The medicine produces a pronounced hypotensive effect, like other ganglion blockers. Preparations from this group are widely used in surgical practice, as well as for the removal of hypertensive crises. However, to remove high blood pressure with this medication at home will not succeed. The medication is used exclusively under the supervision of a doctor. Means "Imahin" is also used to treat edema of the brain and lungs, relief of acute attacks of bronchial asthma.

The drug has many side effects. One of them is orthostatic collapse, which is characterized by a sharp decrease in blood pressure with a change in body position (from vertical to horizontal). In addition, during the therapy the patient can complain of dry mouth, general weakness, frequent dizziness.

Temeyhin

This ganglion blocker is available in the form of tablets. The medicine is prescribed for Raynaud's syndrome, gastric and duodenal ulcers, arterial hypertension. The active ingredient produces a pronounced analgesic effect. Tablets should be taken after meals. Dosage and duration of therapy are determined by the doctor.

Contraindications include an acute period of myocardial infarction, hypotension, liver and kidney damage, a closed-angle glaucoma. The medication is not suitable for self-medication. You can buy pills only by prescription.

The result

Ganglioblokirujushchie means are irreplaceable in many spheres of medicine. However, the use of drugs from this group should be strictly controlled by a specialist. Overdose can lead to serious side effects, up to a lethal outcome. Therefore, ganglion blockers are used in conditions of hospitalization or when providing emergency medical care. Independently to use such preparations even after careful studying of the instruction it is impossible.