Elbow joints: structure and function

The main task of the elbow joints is to ensure the correct position of the upper limbs in space. If this function is violated, and also under the influence of excessive load, such diseases as bursitis and enthesopathy can develop, which is fraught with serious complications. Since elbows are often subjected to various injuries, you need to know what it can lead to. After all, sometimes even a minor bruise gives a person big troubles, which are manifested by soreness and a feeling of discomfort.

The ulnar joints are formed by the articulation of the radial, ulnar and humer bones, the surface of which is covered with cartilage, providing a smooth and soft movement. This complex part of the body has in its cavity smaller joints: the brachial, radicular and pleural membranes. In addition, around there are synovial bags, the largest of which is located in the elevation of the elbow process.

Muscles of the elbow joint

Strong muscles, starting from the elbow, are responsible for flexion and extension of the hand, and are responsible for correct correction of the length and height of the hand. Excessive stress on muscle tissues, as well as their insufficient protection, makes the elbow joints particularly susceptible to various kinds of disorders. The main extensor of the upper limbs is the triceps muscle, which connects the humerus and the shoulder blade, so it is important to avoid her injury.

Ligaments of the elbow joint

Along the perimeter, the elbow joint covers an annular ligament, the task of which is to hold the bones of the forearm, which prevents them from shifting to one side. In order that there is no external and internal displacement, there are lateral ligaments, which also contribute to strengthening the joint. With dislocations and fractures, there is almost always a complete rupture of one or more of several ligaments. This condition requires urgent medical care, since delay can affect the further performance of the affected hand.

Injuries to elbow joints

The elbow joint is considered to be the most difficult from the anatomical and functional point of view. Injuries of this part of the body are divided into dislocations, bruises and fractures. In each case, certain medical procedures are performed. With intra-articular fractures without bias, the joint is fixed using a gypsum langet. At U- and T-shaped fractures operative reposition of fragments is carried out, and also fixation by their screws, screws and spokes with the subsequent imposing of gypsum.

Symptoms of ulnar injuries include: the presence of bruising, difficult and painful flexion of the limb, as well as swelling of the affected area. For minor injuries, these signs eventually disappear on their own, but with more serious injuries it is better to see a doctor and conduct an X-ray examination, with which you can identify the nerve pincer, crack, bone displacement and fracture. In such cases, the elbow joints are treated in the surgical department of the hospital, basing the complex of therapeutic procedures strictly on the indications of X-ray images.