Creole language: features, description, history and interesting facts

Pidgin are languages that occur in extreme situations that are unnatural for ordinary circumstances during interethnic communication. That is, it happens when two peoples need to understand each other sharply. Pidgins and Creole languages appeared at the contacts of Europeans-colonizers with local peoples. In addition, they arose as a means of communication for trade. It so happened that the pidgin was used by children and used it as their native language (for example, children of slaves did this). In such circumstances, the Creole language developed from this adverb, which is considered to be its next stage of development.

How is pidgin formed?

In order to form such an adverb, must contact several languages at once (usually three or more). The grammar and vocabulary of pidgin are rather limited and extremely simplified. For example, it is less than fifteen hundred words. For none, for the other, or for the third people this dialect is not native, and in view of the simplified structure such language is used only during certain circumstances. When pidgin is native to a large number of people of mixed origin, it can be considered independent. This took place in the era of colonization of American, Asian and African lands from the XV and up to the XX century. An interesting fact: his evolution into the status of Creole language occurs when mixed marriages occur.

Creole in Haiti

Today, the number of Creole languages on the planet reaches more than 60. One of them is Haitian, characteristic of the population of the island of Haiti. It is also used by local residents of other American territories. In most cases, the language is common among islanders, for example in the Bahamas, Quebec, etc. The basis for it is French. The Haitian Creole language is the French lexicon of the 18th century, changed in the process of its development. In addition, it was influenced by Western and Central African languages, as well as Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese and some English. The Haitian Creole has a largely simplified grammar. Since the second half of the 20th century, it is the official language on the island, as well as French.

Seychelles Creole

Also an interesting case of the emergence and development of the Creole dialect is the Seychelles language. On these islands it is official, like English and French. The Seychelles Creole language is spoken by the majority of the inhabitants of the state. Thus, it is quite common among the population. An interesting fact: immediately after the Seychelles became independent and got rid of colonial influence, the government set a goal to codify the local dialect of the patois (a modified version of the French one). For this purpose, an institute was founded in the country, the Seychellois grammar is studied and developed by employees of the institute.

The situation in Mauritius

At the end of October (28th), the island celebrates the day of the local Creole language. Although a large number of people in Mauritius use it in everyday life (the local adverb is based on French), for official negotiations and office work, they prefer English or French. This situation does not suit the local residents. The Mauritian Creole language needs support and development, for which specific measures should be taken. This was done by members of one local association. Thus, to support the written use of the Creole language in Mauritius, its members are preparing a whole edition in many languages, which will contain translations of Alen Fanchon's poem called "Paper Boat" (originally written in Creole).

The island is located in the middle of the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, and has a complex history. As a result, today English and French are equally used there, but in everyday life the local Creole, and also the so-called bhojpuri, which is of Indian origin, is widespread. According to Mauritius legislation, there are no official languages in the country, and English and French are equal under the law for state application. Despite the fact that the residents speak local Creole, it is not used in the media.

What is Unseduce?

This name suggests from the very beginning that the word is of German origin, even to those who do not know German. However, Unsedoich has nothing to do with modern Germany, but refers to the colonial period in the history of Papua New Guinea and Australia. An interesting fact is that this is the only Creole language in the world, which is based on German. In the 70-ies of the XX century researchers in New Guinea quite by accident discovered the use of unzerdeich, which translates as "our German".

Thus, today he is the only surviving creole on the planet with such a foundation. At the moment, less than a hundred people use Underseo. And, as a rule, these are old people.

How did Unseduce come?

An adverb was formed near the settlement called Kokopo in the territory of New Britain. In this area in the late 19 - early 20 th century were members of the Catholic mission. Nuns were trained by local children, and training was conducted with the use of literary German. Little Papuans, Chinese, Germans and those who moved from Australian territory, played together, because of which the languages were mixed and a pidgin was formed with a predominant German base. It was they who later passed on to their children.

Language of Seminoles

Afro-Seminole Creole is a language that is considered to be a vanishing dialect of the Gallic language. This dialect is used by black seminoles in a certain territory in Mexico and in such American states as Texas and Oklahoma.

This nationality is associated with the descendants of free Africans and slaves-maroons, as well as the people of the Gaul, whose representatives moved to the territory of Spanish Florida in the 17th century. After two hundred years they often lived together with the Indian tribe of Seminoles, from where the name comes. As a result, cultural exchange led to the formation of a multinational union in which two races participated.

To date, the residence of their descendants is in the territory of Florida, as well as in the countryside in Oklahoma, Texas, the Bahamas and some regions in Mexico.