Concrete and reinforced concrete structures: SNiP and application practice

Evidence of the use of natural stone in construction since ancient times is plentiful. This material has a number of unique advantages. Its main disadvantage is the high cost and laboriousness of processing. The stone was replaced by a brick, but it is stacked by hand, which is long and expensive. Accelerating the construction contributed to the concrete and reinforced concrete structures. SNiP regulates their use on sites.

There are different ways of making and using these large-sized items. Famous hruschevki - the brightest example of the application of the technology of panel construction. With all its shortcomings, it ensured a high rate of erection of objects. Improvement of technology allowed to modernize the technology, in parallel, and changed the guidance documents.

Normative base

The development of new construction standards was carried out by the profile institute and the relevant ministry. SNiP 2030184 "Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures" aims to unify the design techniques for the mentioned elements, as well as the technology of their production and use. The document fixes the requirements for structures, in the production of which the medium-density silicate concrete is used.

According to this document, environmental conditions are determined in which the use of load-bearing or enclosing structures made of reinforced concrete is permissible. The temperature range is very wide and is set in the range from -70 ° C to +50 ° C, which corresponds to almost any climatic zone. Use concrete and reinforced concrete structures SNiP allows at a relative humidity of 75%.

Production methods

Modern technologies provide for the manufacture of products both in the conditions of specialized manufacturing enterprises (JBC) and directly on the site. This method was called monolithic construction. With the combined technique, finished products, concrete and reinforced concrete structures are connected. SNiP clearly regulates all ways of combining elements among themselves.

Excellent performance characteristics of monolithic structures have increased the interest to them from customers and construction companies. Recently, this technology has been improved: casting of external walls is made in a permanent formwork. It is made of extruded high-density polystyrene foam. After the construction is completed, it plays the role of a heat-insulating layer.

Training of engineers and technicians

The quality of reinforced concrete products depends primarily on the original components and the exact execution of the technological process. Manual for SNiP "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures" is a guide to the action of engineers and technical personnel. Strict adherence to the spirit and letter of normative documentation is a guarantee of the conditionality of products.

In our country there is a clear trend of growth in the construction of a wide variety of facilities. In them concrete and reinforced concrete structures are widely used. SNiP allows such a state of affairs provided that qualitative raw materials are used and the process is accurately followed.