Cape Dezhnev on the map of Russia: coordinates, history and photos. Where is Cape Dezhnev?

There are so many interesting places on the map of Russia that it's simply impossible to know everything about them. Various cities and towns, mountains and rivers. In the same article, we'll talk about such a small, but very important and interesting corner of the country, like Cape Dezhnev.

A bit of history

Before you study information about the cape, you need to look a little at the history and figure out who was his discoverer, and who the man named after his cape was. It will be interesting to see the fact that this cape until 1879 was simply called the Eastern one. And only in that far year at the insistence of the Swedish polar explorer A. E. Nordenskiöld was named in honor of the outstanding and famous Russian explorer of Eastern and Northern Siberia, Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev. Semyon Ivanovich himself lived in the 17th century, he was not only a trailblazer and navigator, but also a Cossack ataman. During his life he participated in numerous skirmishes and battles, had about 13 injuries, three of which were very heavy. However, this did not stop the traveler. In 1647 he joined the expedition of Popov as a collector of yasaka. With this same group of comrades, he also went to the east. Many ships on this voyage crashed, but Dezhnev with his companions still reached the strait between Asia and America, circling the Chukchi Peninsula from the north. On the banks of the so-called "Great Chukchi Nose" (this is now Cape Dezhnev), he stopped with his team, visited the Eskimos. His campaign Semyon Ivanovich, in fact, made two huge discoveries from a geographical point of view:

1. Proved that America is a completely independent continent, separated by water.
2. I found out that from Europe to China you can get to the northern seas by simply skirting Siberia.

So there should not be any questions about who discovered Dezhnev Cape. This was Semyon Ivanovich himself. But with regard to the strait, he was named Bering, since information about Dezhnev's campaigns in Europe had not previously existed (all of it was preserved in the Yakut prison). Therefore, the priority of the discoverer still remained for VI Bering.

About titles

Interesting will be information, which refers to the names of this cape. Only from the end of the 19th century it was known as the navigator Dezhnev. In the days of the researcher's life, he was simply called the Great Chukchi Nose, or the Stone Nose. Also, its name was known as Necessary (that is, one that can not be bypassed). And in 1778 the English seafarer Cook named it simply the Eastern cape (as it was called mainly in Europe), which had such a name before renaming it to Cape Dezhnev.

Geography

How can you find Cape Dezhnev on the map? Everything is simple, it is located in Chukotka and is the most extreme eastern point of the continent. In addition to being the most extreme eastern continental point of Russia, it is also the extreme eastern point of all Eurasia. For life, this cape is not very suitable, because it represents a steep mountain range (its height reaches 740 meters), which sharply breaks to the sea. It is located in the Bering Strait, which connects the Chukchi Sea (Arctic Ocean) and the Bering Sea (Pacific Ocean). It is also worth knowing the coordinates of Cape Dezhnev. This is 66 ° 04'45 "sec. W. 169 ° 39'7 ". E.

Nearest points

Very interesting information will be that from Cape Dezhnev (the easternmost point of Eurasia) to Cape Prince of Wales (the extreme western point of North America - Alaska) is only 86 kilometers. And in clear weather, you can even see the outlines of another continent - North America.

Naukan

And although Cape Dezhnev is practically unsuitable for life, there are still residential settlements. Ten kilometers from it is a small village of Uelen. On the very territory of the cape is an abandoned village of the whalers of Naukan, which existed in the 18-20th centuries. However, during the Soviet era, in 1958, as part of the campaign to remove the Russian population from America, the village was disbanded. Up to this point, about 400 people lived there, which consisted of approximately 13 large births. Today, some families, whose grandfathers-great-grandparents lived in Naukan, live not far away, in the nearby Chukchi villages of Lorino, Uelen, Lavrentia, as well as the Eskimo villages of Sereniki, Uelkar, Novoe Chaplino. The village itself is considered an architectural monument and is protected by the laws of the federation.

Uelen

As it was said above, the nearby village to the Dezhnev Cape is the village of Uelen. The following information will be interesting: its ancient name is Ulyk, Chukchi - Pok'ytykyn, Eskimo - Oliq. In translation, all this means "the edge of the earth," "the end of the world," "a place that is flooded with water." It should also be said that in the distant past, Uelen was an Eskimo settlement, but the Chukchi gradually supplanted the Eskimos, occupying living areas near Cape Dezhnev. Today this settlement is a very independent administrative unit. They have their own administration, an agricultural enterprise, a boarding school, a weather station, a culture center, a kindergarten, a hospital. In addition, there are quite a few retail outlets. The main occupations in the village: sea mammal hunting. Here they extract lakhtak, walrus, seal, and also recently and the whale. The same inhabitants of the sea and then sell the local residents.

Flora and fauna

What else is rich in Cape Dezhnev? So, there is a diverse flora and fauna. Inhabitants of the sea: Greenlandic and gray whales, Lahtak, Saika, Goby, Flounder, Far Eastern Navaga and Arctic char. Quite often there are such animals as the wolverine, the wolf, the fox, the arctic fox, the polar bear. As for the birds, there are white partridges and white owls, crows, gyrfalcon and guillemots.

Monuments

Having figured out where the Dezhnev Cape is located on the map of Russia, it is also worthwhile to consider a little information about the monuments that are located both on the cape and not far from it. The first and main attraction of the cape is the lighthouse-monument to Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev. It is built in the form of a beautiful tetrahedral obelisk. It is located at an altitude of about 100 meters above sea level. Nearby is a large ancient cross, which, oddly enough, still looks great. It is also worth mentioning that in honor of the navigator Dezhnev, a village, a bay, an island and a peninsula were also named. And in Veliky Ustyug in 1972, Semyon Ivanovich was installed a monument. Now a little about the sights that lie in the vicinity of Cape Dezhnev:

1. The Uelen cemetery. This is, first of all, the most valuable from the point of view of archeology cemetery.
2. Ekven is an ancient Eskimo burial ground, which today is an archaeological monument of federal significance. It is also important from the point of view of archeology.
3. The oldest and most populous Eskimo village, which was later disbanded, is Naukan.

About Beauty

After all of the above, we can say with certainty that the most interesting geographical element is Cape Dezhnev (photo - the first proof of this). Here there are multiple bird markets. Here you can also see the seal and the sea rookery - an entertaining sight, especially for people who are not used to it. And in the spring, you can even see polar bears with cubs (visitors will remember for sure the white cartoon bear cub Umka and his mother). From time to time, just next to the coastline, gray whales and killer whales swim. And in clear weather, you can even see the shores of a completely different continent - North America.