Lathes 1K62: device, characteristic, repair and operation

Lathes 1К62 - reliable and productive devices, intended mainly for use in individual and small-scale production. They can be used for processing parts from different structural materials: non-ferrous and ferrous metals, cast iron, etc. It is possible to produce threading of any kind, as well as archimedean spirals, on these machines.

Equipment History

Modern lathes 1K62 are an improved modification of one of the oldest and high-quality models of the Soviet era 1D62 series DIP200. This equipment was produced at the Krasny Proletary factory from 1949 to 1956. The abbreviation DIP means "catch up and overtake", and the figures after it - the height of the centers above the bed. The machines of this series were universal and had a speed box.

The new model 1K62 was launched in 1956. From 1D62 it is distinguished first of all such improvements and modifications:

• More powerful engine;
• V-belt drive (instead of belt);
• Three handles of spindle speed;
• Reinforced friction clutch;
• Reverse mechanism used for threading;
• An electric pump for supplying coolant, etc.

At present, both 1K62 machines and their even more perfect version are used in production - the 1K625 model.

Equipment advantages

Lathe 1K62 belong to the class of devices of the front type and can be used for processing of small blanks of very large diameters. The spindle of the model is mounted on special bearings, providing its rigidity. Therefore on machine tools 1K62 it is supposed to make processing including details from the hardened metal. The main advantages of this model include:

• High power main drive;
• Strength of all elements of kinematic feed chains;
• Vibration resistance;
• Wide range of speeds;
• The possibility of using tools such as mineral-ceramic and carbide-tipped tools for a lathe.

The rear beam of the 1K62 machines shifts in the transverse direction. This makes it possible to process gently sloping cones. Moving the carriage in the longitudinal direction, if necessary, is limited by a special stop. When using it, the maximum speed of the caliper is 250 mm / min.

Design Features

The repair and operation of the machines of this modification must be carried out exclusively by highly qualified specialists. The design of this equipment is quite complicated.

The box frame of the machine 1K62 is supplemented with transverse ribs. It rests on two hollow legs. The left main motor is mounted in the left, the pump on the right is the pump that pushes the cooling liquid to the workpiece processing area. Rotary movement to the spindle is transmitted along the chain "friction shaft / multi-disc clutch / gear mechanism".

The apron of the machine is equipped with four cam-type clutches, allowing both direct and reverse carriage motion. Simultaneous switching of the transverse and longitudinal gears is eliminated due to the presence of a special locking device.

Lathe for metal 1K62 is equipped with three-jaw self-centering cartridges with a diameter of 250 mm. If necessary, they can be replaced with a 4-cam version 400 mm. The fastening of the parts in the cartridge is done by means of a key without the use of levers.

Work on the machines of this modification, among other things, can be carried out using the lunettes - movable with a diameter of 20-80 mm and a stationary one at 20-130 mm.

Electroscheme

The device of the lathe 1K62 is quite complicated. The nodes and mechanisms in this equipment are numerous. Their work is provided by engines operating from the 220 V network.

As the main drive in machines 1K62 is used asynchronous short-circuited. The rotation speed of the spindle is controlled by the speed gear pinion. The second motor, also asynchronous, is responsible for the movement of the support. To ensure a long service life of 1K62 machines, a thermal relay is provided in their design. It switches off the equipment in case of overheating.

In addition to the spindle and caliper motors, hydrant motors and a cooling pump are available in the machines of this modification. The supply of the control circuit is obtained via a separating transformer. Start the main run motor by pressing a special button. At the same time, the pump and hydrant motors are switched on.

Rapid movement of the support is carried out by turning the corresponding handle on the apron of the machine. When the operator performs this action, the contact of the switch entering the design closes the coil circuit, which transfers the voltage to the motor. The spindle of the machine is turned on by turning the friction clutch of the control handle upwards.

Machines 1K62 equipped with local lighting with lamps at 36 V. The latter feeds from a separate winding transformer.

Typical malfunctions

Most often, 1K62 lathes have to be repaired for the following reasons:

1. The impossibility of switching gears. Eliminate this problem in some cases helps to turn off the electric motor and its switching on the "coast".
2. Arbitrary stopping of the working tool. This usually happens simply because of the operation of the thermal relay. In this case, it is recommended to reduce the processing speed of the workpieces.
3. Cooling pump off. You can correct the situation by adding water to the tank.
4. Vibration of the machine. The cause of this problem is usually an incorrect installation.
5. Low precision machining of parts. To correct the situation, you should try adjusting the rear beam, tighten the part or tighten the fastening straps of the cartridge.

Specifications

The device of lathe 1К62 allows to carry out on it works of the most different kind on the preparations made of those or other metals. The versatility and high performance of this equipment are determined by its excellent performance characteristics, which can be found in the table below.

As you can see, lathe 1K62, the characteristics of which are simply remarkable, can be successfully used in the workshops of enterprises and is distinguished by high quality and reliability. The installation of such equipment allows you to manufacture parts at high speed, avoid downtime and ultimately significantly improve the profitability of production.

Safety instructions for switching on

Of course, the lathe machines of this brand, like metal cutting machines, milling machines and others - equipment in operation is quite dangerous. In their design there are moving and rotating at high speed elements. In the latter, the worker's clothing, his hair, etc., may get stuck (or wrap around them). The consequences of falling into the moving and rotating parts of the body can be truly catastrophic.

Therefore, repair and operation of lathes of this modification, like any other, are procedures that require compliance with certain safety standards. Before you start, the turner must:

• Wear overalls, glasses, fasten your sleeves and inspect the workplace;
• Check the serviceability of the cartridge protective cover;
• Adjust lighting;
• Check idle running of the controls, lubrication and cooling systems, fixing the levers;
• Check the integrity of the protection nodes.

Features of operation

While working on the machine, it is forbidden:

• Rely on the bed;
• Allow the swirling of the chips on the part;
• Allow cleaning in the room;
• To process the parts in case of vibration.

Disconnect machine 1K62 follows when the temporary shutdown, in the event of a power outage, when lubricating and cleaning its components. To pull out the plug from the mains or turn the handles to the "off" position is also assumed when performing an operation such as repairing a lathe 1K62: replacing knots and parts, tightening nuts, etc.

Installation Rules

In order for this equipment to function as efficiently as possible, it must be properly mounted. When installing in the first place, a grounding system should be provided. Wires in the control cabinet are built from below through a special hole. For the hydrant, a separate earthing is arranged.

The equipment itself should be installed as smoothly as possible. In order to achieve this, you should use the level. In case of distortions, the frame starts to vibrate. In addition, with this type of equipment, metal cutting machines, milling machines, etc. are usually installed. In this case, everything depends on the features of the production.

Machines 1K62 - reliable and high-quality equipment, very convenient to use. With proper installation and compliance with the recommendations for the operation it pays off quite quickly. Moreover, the price for it is relatively low - 150-200 thousand rubles.