Apples honey: description, variety, care and cultivation

Apple is one of the few fruits with a wide variety of tastes. Varieties differ in terms of maturation, stiffness of the fruit. And about the taste and say no. A variety of tastes make apples different from each other. Of great importance is the amount of sugar in the fruit.

Sweet and sour apple varieties

The taste of apples depends largely on the ratio of sugar and acids. It has a special name - the sugar-acid coefficient. Dessert apples should not be less than 20-34. It is noticed that southern varieties in the total mass are sweeter than apples in the middle band. Acid in the south - about 0,3%, sugar - up to 11%; In the more northern - 0,7%, sugar - 9%. But varieties with a predominance of sugar over acids can be found among representatives of any climatic zone.

Some of them are old selections (Arcade yellow, Korobovka, Medok, Mironchik). And there are new ones, created relatively recently. This is Medunitsa, Cypress, Candy, Sweet Scarlet. Breeders specifically grow such varieties, knowing that they have a large audience.

Sweet varieties of the middle band

Among the varieties of apples in the middle band sweet apples are honey Melba, Dream, Oktyabrenok, Slavyanka, Lobo, Pepin saffron. In their fruits - about 10% of sugar. Even more it in the fruits of varieties Narodnoe, Pink superb, Vityaz, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Orlik (11% and more). And the amount of sugar in such varieties as Michurin's Memory and Antonovka dessert exceeds 12%.

Useful properties of apples

Apples of honey contain a large amount of vitamin C. In 100 g of pulp it is 20 mg. Vitamin helps to strengthen immunity, restore the strength of a weakened organism.

Acids, found in apples of all sorts, interfere with the processes of decay in the intestines. A large amount of fiber helps regulate the activity of the food tract.

To the heart as long as possible to fulfill its functions, he needs potassium. In the apples of this element - almost 300 mg per 100 g. The iron in the apples takes part in the formation of red blood rings. There are chromium, magnesium, manganese.

The amount of useful substances depends on the type of apples and the conditions in which they ripen. But in any case, they are much more than in other fruits.

Terms of maturation

To constantly provide the body with valuable elements and substances contained in apples, you need to prolong the period of their consumption. For this, trees of different maturation periods are planted.

All varieties of apple trees are divided:

• On summer, ripening in July - early August. Apples of these varieties are eaten immediately after ripening. They can lie about a month. Shelf life can be extended a little by hiding them in a cool place.
• Autumn varieties of apples mature in late August - early September. You can store them for no more than 3 months.
• Winter apples are removed from the branches at the end of September. They are stored in a cool place until February.
• Late winter varieties mature at the end of October. They are removed before maturing and stored for storage. Gradually they reach the state of ripeness, as evidenced by a change in color and consistency. They can be stored until the end of March, and even in April.

Nectar

The tree is not high. The crown is sparse, round in shape. Fruits of yellow color, with a red blush, weighing about 40 grams, have a round-conical shape.

Sugar content - 13%. The tree is resistant to frost. The same name has a new columnar variety. But this is a completely different Medoc.

Korobovka (Medunichka, Skorospelka)

An old variety, which enters into fruiting not earlier than the 7th year. Resistant to frost, almost not affected by scab. Each of the names indicates the qualities of the variety. In its fruits, almost no acid is felt, but there is a sweet honey flavor. To some, it seems even a little insipid. A fast-ripening variety is called because of the maturation period. A Korobovka - for the small weight of apples (40 g). Previously, these apples were sold not for weight, but whole boxes. Fruits are yellow, with red stripes. During the ripening, they become transparent, if you look at the apple against the sun, you can see its seeds.

For a long time they are not preserved. Prepare for the winter, you can by making jam. To make a delicious compote used dried honey apples. The recipe is simple: 200 g of apple slices are washed with boiling water, poured with 2 liters of water, boiled for 10 minutes. Insist, until it cools.

Honey (Medunitsa)

The variety was bred by the selectors of the Moscow State University. It can be grown in regions where the temperature drops to -40 degrees. But he feels better in the south. Fruit-bearing begins 4 years after planting. Summer grade of high yield - Medunitsa (apple honey). The description indicates that the fruits are large, about 130 g. The color of the fruit is yellow-green, with brown stripes. The shape is planar, conical.

Medunitsa - apples of honey (varieties are different), the fruits of which are maturing at the end of August. Do not crumble. They are kept fresh for two months. Used to make juice, eat more fresh. If the tree grows in the shade, then the fruits ripen gradually, not all together.

The tree is tall, with a pyramidal crown. The root system is branched. Roots are not afraid of a close occurrence of groundwater. Leaves are matte-green in color, in shape slightly different from ordinary apple. The plate in the center of the sheet has a bend.

Medunica - honey apples (varieties listed in the article), unpretentious to the conditions of cultivation. Resistant to major diseases. Almost unaffected by pests this kind of apples (honey). Growing a tree does not require much effort.

Plant the tree in a loamy soil. She well passes water and at the same time keeps it. The place should be chosen solar. The distance between the adjacent seedlings should be at least 5 m. After all, the crown at the tree is wide.

For a month-half a month they prepare a pit for planting. Its size should be twice as large as the diameter of the root system of the seedling. The soil is mixed with fertilizers and poured into the bottom of the pit. The root of the seedling is set on it so that its root neck protrudes above the ground no less than 7 cm. It can not be buried in the ground.

Next to the tree set a support, to which it will be tied for several years. This will protect the tree from damage by wind and help form an even trunk. Dig in a hole. Water the seedling with a few buckets of water.

Mulch the near-trunk circle. The first year should be carefully monitored so that the soil under the tree does not dry out. But you do not need to fill it. In the future, watered only in arid years. After all, an adult tree gets its roots to the water layers and provides itself with moisture. For a single tree pour no more than 5 buckets of water.

The main disadvantage of the variety is the need to constantly prune the tree crown, removing excess shoots. It is especially difficult to do this when the apple tree grows. Conduct forming pruning at the end of winter or early spring, when the threat of severe frost passes.

Fertilizing trees

In early spring, the tree is fertilized with sodium humate. In autumn, phosphorus and potassium are added. This will help to transfer the winter well. But we need to conduct a number of other activities. In the late autumn manure is laid around the trunk. In winter, the trunk of the seedlings is covered with snow. To prevent rodents from damaging the bark of the tree, they cover the trunk with a lapnik or roofing felt. In the spring, the barrel is whitewashed with lime. This will help avoid sunburn, destroy the larvae of some insect pests.

Arcade yellow

The arcade is yellow - it tastes almost like honey apples, sort. Features: the tree is distinguished by an elongated sparse crown shape. Leaves slightly pubescent. Fruits are light yellow in the form of a glass, sweet.

A variety of early maturity. Trees are winter hardy. Disadvantages - low yield and weak resistance to scab disease.

Chinese gold early

One of the varieties, derived by I. Michurin. Begins to bear fruit for the 3rd year after planting. Fruits are yellow, small.

New sweet varieties

Among the new sweet varieties, it is possible to mention Elena, an early-summer variety. The fruits are beautiful, sweet, with a honey flavor. Enters fruit in the second year. Fruits ripen a week earlier than the White pouring.

Belarusian sweet is a late variety. The weight of one apple reaches 200 g. The pulp is loose, fragrant, with pleasant sourness. Fruits keep well on the branches. Ripens in October, stored until January. The variety is resistant to scab damage.

Imported honey apples

Among the apples that can be bought in modern supermarkets, you can call apples with honey taste Honey Crunch (Honey Crunch), Modi (Modi). Both varieties are rather sweet. Although not all consumers are ready to call them honey. The fruits are large, red, juicy, fairly firm. Well stored.

Honey crunch is sold in supermarkets at a price of about 300 rubles, which users consider very overstated. Modi sold for 80 rubles. Per kilogram.