Annenkov Yuri Pavlovich: photo, biography, paintings, portraits

In 1889, the star of one of the most outstanding and progressive creators of the nineteenth century was lit. This year was born Annenkov Yuri Pavlovich - Russian artist, portraitist, writer.

Origin

The famous master was born in the family of the Russian Narodovoltsa. His earliest childhood Yuri Annenkov spent with his parents in the Kamchatka Territory. There he worked and worked, his father, exiled for his participation in the organization "Narodnaya Volya". In 1893 the family finally managed to return to live in St. Petersburg. At this time, they were located in a small village in the neighborhood with the estate of Ilya Efimovich Repin.

Such an environment had a great influence on the subsequent creativity and worldview of Annenkov. He was constantly surrounded by a society of people of all possible creative professions, which could not but affect his choice of profession.

Study

Draw Annenkov Yuri began with his childhood. Moreover, in adolescence, he was deeply involved in politics. At this time, the artist tried himself in the genre of a cartoonist. His ironic sketches for an underground magazine caused a great scandal. For free-thinking Annenkov expelled from the school. However, this did not undermine the artist's faith in his strength. He independently enrolls in the legal profession in St. Petersburg University.

Creative career

Despite his early passion for painting, the master never received a full-fledged artistic education. Even while studying at the gymnasium, the artist attended classes at the St. Petersburg Art and Industrial Academy named after Alexander Ludwigovich Stieglitz. In his student years Yury Annenkov studied in the studio of the famous master Saveliy Moiseyevich Seidenberg. It is noteworthy that along with him studied another outstanding artist - Mark Zakharovich Chagall.

Unfortunately, despite diligence and desire to learn, Annenkov could not qualify for the Moscow Academy of Arts. After his fiasco, Yuri continues his studies at the studio of Jan Frantsevich Tsionglinsky.

Living Abroad

Further fate Annenkov was formed outside the country. It was thanks to the advice of his mentor Jan Franzevich that the young artist left the country where he was born and moved to Paris. There Annenkov Yuri continued his studies. At this time he entered the school for such foreign masters as Maurice Denis and Felix Vallotton. These Symbolists belonged to the popular Nabi group. It was under the auspices of his mentors in 1913 that Yuri first took part in an art exhibition with his canvases. The exposition was called "Salon of Independent". The artist's debut was successful.

Symbols of creativity

At the very beginning of his artistic career, the author was mainly concerned with painting. It was to this period that his famous works "Adam and Eve", "Yellow Mourning", "Self-Portrait", written in early 1910, belong. After his return to his homeland in 1913, Yuri Annenkov, whose works can be seen in our review, begins to get involved in this kind of art, like graphics. More and more often his works began to be printed on the pages of such publications as "Lukomorie", "Argus", "Fatherland", "Satyricon" and many others.

In addition, during the period of fascination with graphics, the master maintained close creative ties with popular at that time publishing houses "Krasnaya Nov '", "World Literature", "Rainbow" and others. The artist was invited as an illustrator to the works of Korney Chukovsky, Jack London, Nikolai Evreinov. Also the author continues a long tradition to publish in satirical publications as a cartoonist. Fortunately, now his work was evaluated on merit.

Political Views

During both revolutions, the artist, not indifferent to social changes in society, was fond of politics. We can say that the upheavals in the social system had a very great influence on the further work of the master. This is evidenced by the flowering of his artistic activity after the accomplishment of the coup. It is at this time in the artistic environment there are new trends and societies. Annenkov Yuri becomes their active participant. For example, the artist was elected one of the members of the Board of the House of Arts in Petrograd.

Even in his works the master constantly touched upon the theme of the revolution. It is in a special manner of depicting the interconnected details that Annenkov's attitude to the revolution opens up as a new order. The artist fervently experienced and contributed to the abolition of past attitudes, both in public life and in creativity.

The successes of the young master did not go unnoticed and already in 1920 Yuri was appointed professor at the Moscow Academy of Arts.

Prose and journalism

In addition to his artistic activity, Annenkov was also engaged in writing. After 1917, he repeatedly tried himself as a publicist. As they say, a talented person is good in everything. This path succeeded Yuri no worse than painting. Soon he published his articles in print media such as "The Life of Art".

Moreover, during his life abroad, Yuri Annenkov, an artist and graphic artist, discovered himself with a new for all parties: he first tried his hand at the role of a writer. From the author's pen came such works as "Diaries of my meetings." In them, Annenkov describes the portraits of many Russian artists. Among them you can find Russian writers, artists, musicians. In addition to essays on famous personalities, Annenkov wrote many works of art. So, it was Yuri who became the author of the books "A Tale of Trivia", "Ragged Epoch". When they were written, the artist took a pseudonym - Bogdan Temiriazev.

Gallery

Yuri Annenkov, whose paintings at the beginning of the creative path were carried out mainly in painting techniques, after success at the Paris exhibition began to create his own gallery of portraits. The main field of the master's work became famous personalities of the time. For a short period Annenkov managed to capture the writer Maxim Gorky, the famous poets Vladislav Khodasevich and Anna Akhmatova, as well as Viktor Shklovsky, Mikhail Kuzmin, Velimir Khlebnikov and many others.

But the canvases with political figures occupied a separate significance in the artist's work. Thus, Yuri Annenkov, whose portraits enjoyed extraordinary success, released from his brush canvases with such prominent people as Vladimir Lenin, Lev Trotsky, Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Karl Radeki, Isaak Babel, Ilya Ehrenburg, Jean Cocteau, Maurice Ravel , Russian ballerina Olga Aleksandrovna Spesivtseva and many others.

Departure abroad

In the middle of 1924 Annenkov went to the Mediterranean coast to participate in the international exhibition. In Venice, the artist had the honor to represent the pavilion of Soviet art. After this event Annenkov's life paths never returned him to Russia.

After participating in the exhibition, Yuri permanently settled in Paris. There, the curve of recognition of the artist sharply crept up. At this time he works mainly as a decorator in the theater and collaborates with such outstanding personalities as Nikita Fedorovich Baliev, choreographer Borislav Fominichna Nijinskaya, actor Mikhail Chekhov, Sergei Mikhailovich Lifar.

Work in theater and cinema

In addition to active artistic activity, the master deserved recognition in another field. The great success and fame of Yuri Annenkov, whose biography is mainly based on successes in the field of painting and portraits, achieved in the theatrical sphere. In addition, he printed his articles in publications devoted to this art form, the artist made a huge contribution to the role of decorator of almost all the performances in the theater of the famous Russian actress Vera Fedorovna Komisarzhevskaya. Also, Annenkov drew scenery for the tetra of his longtime acquaintance Nikolai Evreinov.

However, his influence on art did not end there. The artist became one of the first among the reformers of the old order in the theater. Thus, in the beginning of 1920, the currents began to appear, in which young Annenkov also actively participated. For example, in 1921 he published his article on the need to proclaim a new theater. It was a breakthrough, picked up by the same enthusiasts.
Moreover, the artist soon had the opportunity to translate his bold plans into reality. In preparation for the production of George Kaiser's play at the Bolshoi Drama Theater named after Maxim Gorky, Annenkov first proposed an unprecedented innovation, namely, to use new, with moving elements instead of the usual decorations. Thus, the scene seemed to interact with the actors. At that time, such an approach in the design of the play was an unexpected success.

In total, for his continued activity in the theatrical field, the artist was able to decorate with more than sixty performances. In addition to decorating the stage, the master was also engaged in the development of new images for the troupe. Also, Annenkov tried his hand at filmmaking. Here he managed to achieve even greater recognition than in any other areas of his activity. The master was able to provide scenery to more than fifty films. For the preparation of costumes for the crew, the artist even received an unusually prestigious at the time the Oscar.

Criticism

Among all the multifaceted creativity Annenkov is difficult to identify the most outstanding work or even direction. For example, among the artist's heritage in the graphics industry his critics and contemporaries triumph unanimously recognized the author's sketches for the next edition of Alexander Blok's poem "The Twelve." Even the poet himself flattered about the artist's abilities and repeatedly admitted that they have a deep meaning in them. In general, the schedule of Annenkov was evaluated as done in an unusual, bold and light manner. He has successfully applied strict lines, and played with disobedient shadows. With such tactics the author managed to notice the most important thing in his characters, to raise to the surface those features that threatened to remain unnoticed.

As for the success in painting, here the artist's style completely opened in the direction of cubism. Moreover, the master perfectly and easily combines modernistic motifs with traditional academic style. Annenkov Yuri Pavlovich, whose paintings still enjoy special success among collectors, made a truly great contribution to the art of the 20th century.