Rembrandt - paintings. Rembrandt's paintings with names. Artist Rembrandt

Rembrandt van Rijn, whose paintings can be seen in many museums around the world, today is known to every person on Earth. Fear and joy, surprise and indignation in his works are reflected so naturally that one can not believe them. Frenzied popularity, tragic fate and the sad decline of life are still an excuse for gossip and philosophical reasoning.

Youth

Artist Rembrandt was born in the family of a baker in 1606 in the Dutch city of Leiden, located on the banks of the Rhine. Very early, he felt an artistic talent. After studying for several years at home, the young man went to Amsterdam to take lessons from the famous painter Lastman. The training did not last long, and at the age of 19, Rembrandt returned to Leiden. At this time he writes portraits of his family and friends, and also gives great attention to self-portraits. Until now, many works of the author have survived, where he depicts himself in various images.

Confession

Once a beginner artist receives an excellent order from the guild of surgeons. This is how the "Anatomy lesson" works. The picture brings Rembrandt recognition. He immediately receives more than fifty orders for portraits of nobles and Amsterdam nobles. At the same time, the well-being of the master grows with popularity. He begins to collect antiques and antique costumes. He gets a chic house that fills with exquisite antique furniture and art objects.

Saskia

In 28 years, Rembrandt, whose paintings are becoming increasingly popular, marries a wealthy girl Saskia. He married for love and not only saved, but also multiplied the capital of his beloved. Rembrandt idolized his wife, often depicting in various images in his works. One of the most famous paintings by the artist "Self-Portrait with Saskia" shows a happy Rembrandt with his young wife. At the same time, the artist receives an order for a series of works with a biblical storyline. So there are pictures of Rembrandt with the names "Sacrifice of Abraham" and "Feast of Belshazzar." Also to this period is one of the most famous works of the master "Danae". The painting was corresponded by the artist several times and has several author's variants.

Sunset of life

Carefree time of the artist did not last long. Not everyone liked Rembrandt's manner of portraying a person as he is. After writing the film "Night Watch" an incredible scandal broke out. On the canvas appeared strangers. Perhaps the reason was that in the midst of the work his beloved Saskia dies of tuberculosis. In the picture, together with the figures of the archers, the silhouette of a girl is visible, so reminiscent of the master's wife. The popularity of the author begins to fall. There are almost no new orders. Having lost his house and all his property, Rembrandt, whose paintings acquire a new, philosophical meaning, begins to portray ordinary people and their loved ones. He writes a lot of the image of his son, as well as the people who surround him in the last years of his life. At that time Rembrandt's paintings with the titles "Portrait of an Old Man in Red", "Portrait of Titus's Son during Reading" and other works are being born. At the end of life, another masterpiece appears from the master's pen: "The Return of the Prodigal Son." In this picture the master depicts himself as an eternal wanderer, who is forced to wander through the difficult roads of changing fame. In 1969, having buried his son with his fiancée, Rembrandt himself dies, leaving his creative footprint forever in this world. Today the paintings of the artist occupy an honorable place in any major museum of the world.

The most famous paintings by Rembrandt. "The lesson of anatomy" (1632)

This picture is the first large order received by Rembrandt after his move to Amsterdam. On the canvas, an autopsy performed by Dr. Tulp was recorded. The doctor holds his hands with the forceps of the tendon, showing his students how their fingers are bent. Such group portraits at that time were very popular among the guilds of doctors. However, as a rule, the members of the group posed for them, sitting in a row. Rembrandt, whose paintings differed naturalness and realism, portrayed the students in a close circle, attentively listening to the words of Dr. Tulp. Pale faces and the corpse with bright bright spots stand out on the gloomy and dark background of the picture. The work brought Rembrandt first popularity, after which the orders fell on the author with incredible speed.

"Self-Portrait with Saskia" (1635)

In his entire life, Rembrandt wrote an incredible number of self-portraits. This picture is one of the most famous. It shows the jubilation of the artist from the happiness of owning a loved one. The emotional state of the painter is reflected in the open view of the characters, in the radiant face of Rembrandt, as if choked with happiness and well-being. However, the portrait conceals a hidden provocation: after all, the artist depicts himself in the image of the same "prodigal son", feasting with the usual courtesan. How much different is the "prodigal son" on this self-portrait from what the viewers know by the same name picture!

The Danae (1636)

The most famous of Rembrandt's paintings. It is written based on the myth of the mother of Perseus, Danae. According to legend, the girl's father found out that he would die from his own daughter's son, and imprisoned her in a dungeon. Zeus penetrated to the prison in the form of a rain of gold, after which Perseus was born. The painting attracts an unusual color, characteristic of the artist's work. In the center is a naked woman, whose body is illuminated by bright sunlight. In this image, Rembrandt, whose paintings often depict people close to him, captured the image of his beloved wife Saskia. The image of the angel was attributed after the death of his wife. It seems that he always cries for the fate of the deceased. Rembrandt long rewrote his favorite child, changing the mood of the picture in accordance with their feelings. The combination of shimmering tones and golden glare strikes with its refinement and splendor.

The fate of the picture is amazing and dramatic, as is the history of the artist's life. Masterpiece after the death of the author has changed a lot of owners. After the acquisition of the work of Catherine II "Danae" took pride of place in the famous collection of the Hermitage. In 1985, the museum had an unpleasant incident, which almost deprived the world of the opportunity to contemplate the creation of Rembrandt. One crazy person went to the picture and threw acid at her. The paint immediately began to bubble. But it seemed to the attacker and this little: he managed to make a couple of cuts on the canvas with a knife, until he was stopped. The damage affected about 30% of the masterpiece. Maniac was a certain Bronius Maygis, who later spent 6 years in a psychiatric clinic. Restoration of the painting lasted 12 years. Now it is demonstrated in the "Hermitage" under armored glass, which protects the masterpiece from vandals. Another fact is interesting. The work of art and its reproductions are often filmed in films. For example, "Danae" appears in the TV series "Banditsky Petersburg" as a picture of Rembrandt "Aegina".

"Night Watch" (1642)

The painting was commissioned by Rembrandt as the head of the rifle division. On the canvas is depicted a company of militiamen, who goes on a campaign. Musketeers, encouraged by the drum roll, are depicted along with soldiers of different social status and age, ready for battle. All of them are united by masculinity and a patriotic impulse. The work is careful in drawing all the images and details. Rembrandt's painting "The Night Watch" arouses a full sense of the reality of what is happening in viewers viewing it. The author tried not only to show the external features of all the characters, but also to reveal the inner world of each soldier. The apotheosis of the picture is a triumphal arch - a symbol of past successes and a harbinger of a new glorious victory. With the help of colorful colors (gold, black and yellow), the audience is exposed to the energy, drama and solemnity of the military mood. The character and fate of each character is read by the brush of the famous artist.

There are many versions about the girl, depicted almost in the center of the picture. It differs from all bright colors and angelic appearance. Perhaps it is a kind of militia mascot. According to another version, the girl is the image of the author's beloved wife, who left for another world in the very heat of writing the picture. As you know, the work did not suit the customers. After they bought the painting, they barbarously cut the canvas and hung it in the banquet hall.

"The Return of the Prodigal Son" (1666-1669).

Rembrandt's painting "Return of the Prodigal Son" is one of the brightest peaks of the famous artist's work. It was written in the last years of the master's life. This time, when he was very old and frail, needed and starved. The theme of the prodigal son repeatedly and earlier arose in the artist's work. This work is a conclusion, summing up the results of many years of creative wanderings of the famous author. The picture radiates all the warmth and depth of the Rembrandt palette. Flickering colors and an elegant play of light and shadow emphasize the images of the main characters. In the guise of a venerable old man and his prodigal son, a whole range of diverse feelings is expressed: repentance and love, mercy and bitterness of belated insight. According to art critics, in the "Return" revealed the entire psychological talent of the painter. He invested in his offspring all his accumulated creative experience, all his passion, all his inspiration.

Conclusion

It's hard to even imagine what Rembrandt portrayed the paintings described in this article. How many years have passed since the day they were created, how much soot from the tallow candles has covered them for three centuries of history! We can only guess how they looked on their birthdays. Meanwhile, to this day, millions of admirers of the talent of the famous painter in various museums of the world come to see his masterpieces.