Analysis of the poem "On the road" (Nekrasov). The theme of the poem "On the road"

In his work, the famous poet Nikolai Nekrasov often turned to the problems and sufferings of a simple Russian people.

Since childhood, he has observed the cruel attitude towards serfs on the part of his father - a despotic and powerful man. Often got from him and his wife, the mother of the poet. These impressions for life were deposited in the memory and soul of Nikolai Alekseevich and became an inexhaustible source for a large number of his works.

In 1845, a young Nekrasov wrote a small poem "On the Road". It became his literary debut and immediately marked the theme, which will forever remain the main one in his work.

"... You are a poet - and a true poet!"

It was with such enthusiastic words that the critic V. Belinsky turned to Nekrasov when he first heard "On the Road". "How much sorrow and bile ..." - so he said about the poem of the beginning poet in one of the conversations with I. Panayev. Immediately liked the "excellent" work and A. Herzen.

What did Nikolai Nekrasov deserve, the first collection of which "Dreams and Sounds" remained almost unnoticed, so highly appreciated?

Composition and genre

The poem is more like a story about the unhappy life of a young peasant family. The outline is the barin's complaint to the coachman for boredom. He asks me to amuse myself with a song or a fable. "I myself do not have fun ..." - such words begin the driver NA Nekrasov. On the way, he slowly talks about the fate of his "villain" wife, brought up and lived long in the manor house. Then sent to the village, where now she was on the edge of the grave. A sad story evokes a response from the master. "Well, ... it's enough ... I dispelled ... unquenchable boredom" - these words complete the work.

So instead of the traditional yamshchitskoy song under the bells of the bells, a monologue of a tormented heart sounds. And the heroes of it are the victims of serfdom, centuries existing in Russia.

The main theme of the poem "On the road"

Nekrasov always worried about the plight of the oppressed people. He was particularly sensitive to the bitter fate of a peasant woman who could bear a great deal in her life. In the first serious poem, which became "On the Road," he tells of the unenviable fate of a serf girl, whose childhood and youth passed in the manor house. This was a typical phenomenon for that time. Moreover, quite often in this situation were illegitimate children of the landowner. Their carefree and quiet life almost always ended tragically, as for the society they were forever serfs. Feelings of peasants (by birth), who turned out to be toys in the hands of gentlemen and ended up in an unfamiliar social environment, help to understand the analysis of the poem "On the Road."

Nekrasov about the education of the heroine

For many years Pear was a companion to the young lady. Together with her, she studied reading and science, sewing and playing musical instruments - i.e. All that a secular lady should know and be able to do.

Her husband describes her like this: "she had a kind of imposing" and good manners, so you might have thought that she was a "natural" girl. Even a teacher to her one wooed (not just a serf!), But something went wrong: "You do not need a hundred servants in the nobility."

For the girl, everything changed in a moment: the young lady got married and left, and the landowner soon died, leaving Grusha an orphan. The young son-in-law, who inherited his estate, counted all the revision ones. He replaced the corvee with pay. Pear, with whom he did not get together, sent to the village. So continues N.Nekrasov verse "On the road" and a story about the fate of the heroine.

Village and marriage

"The girl howled," the driver says about the new life of his wife. It was hard for her, not accustomed to peasant labor. Any work in the burden was accounted for - "inda pity sometimes." But the driver did not blame Grusha, he believed that "the Lord ruined her".

Yes, and the girl was not happy with marriage. They married according to the will of the Lord - the time has come. So nothing pleased her in the new life. At strangers still "there and here", and, having remained in loneliness, all tears poured. So gradually the soul of a man who has become accustomed to live in completely different conditions, according to other moral laws, to such unhappy thoughts, brings the reader an analysis of the poem "On the Road".

Nekrasov is not limited to describing the difficulties that arose in everyday life. He draws attention to one more aspect of peasant life, which is not at all like the lordly life.

The darkness and ignorance of the people

Another driver is worried about the coachman's behavior. Often she looks at a "pattern", reads a book. The son teaches that it is not accepted by the peasants - another destination is waiting for him. And every day, like barchonka, washes and scratches. She barks, she does not give a beat. "She will ruin and the little son," - this idea overcomes coachman.

The author is worried about something else. Uneducated, far from culture and any science, the husband is not able to understand Grusha, in which a noble upbringing and a book (in the portrait can be depicted, for example, some writer) aroused a sensitive soul. Nekrasov wants to draw attention to this. The verse "On the road" shows how much the downright really is a simple man. That's why Grush can not find like-minded people in the new conditions - nobody understands her here. As a result, her master, maybe nothing bad and not wanted, maimed the life of a young girl. Now it withers day by day, has become "like a chip of thin and pale," even walks, as if through power. It is evident from all that she did not have much time left to live. "A woman would be dashing!".

The fate of the coachman

It is not easy in this story and her husband. We married without consent. Grushu does not understand, although unlike many others, his wife regretted, once again did not scold, even respected. Almost did not beat - only in a drunken state. And in the future, he will wait for widowhood and loneliness, which is not easy to take down a guy with a small son in his arms. And most importantly, and his guilt in this whole story is not - he is the same as all serfs.

Thus, the analysis of the poem "On the road" (Nekrasov wrote in this connection: "Whatever life, the tragedy!") Reveals the moral and social problems of serfdom. After all, the whims of the masters destroyed the lives of more than one person.

Means of expressiveness

The poem "On the Road" is written with a three-legged anapest. This size, combined with the anticipated thumping of hoofs, resembles a spoken folk speech, which brings the coachman's story closer to a song resembling a plaintive cry escaping from the depths of the soul. Realistic and colorful make a monologue a special order of words, a combination of paired, cross and ring rhymes, colloquial words and expressions: bait, ali, znay-de, patret, etc.

The meaning of the poem

The analysis of the poem "On the Road" sums up several conclusions. Nekrasov in it, even before I. Turgenev with his "Notes of the Hunter", drew the attention of contemporaries to the plight of the people. In the coachman's monologue, contrasting pictures of the life of landlords and serfs dependent on them clearly appear. The most terrible thing here is that to their servants the serfs treated like any other thing in the house. It was an uncovered denunciation of the slavery that existed in the country and an open protest against the established order.

A simple but truthful picture with each new line appears in the work "On the Road" by Nekrasov. The subject stated in the poem - serfdom has neither conscience nor laws - overnight turned a budding poet into the best representative of the "natural school", which will soon be established in Russian literature and criticism.