Alkaline batteries and their advantage

The modern world is filled with electronics: from the smallest devices in the form of a flashlight to huge equipment in production. But not all of them work from a direct source of energy, many of them work thanks to mobile devices, for example, such as alkaline batteries.

Among them there are two main types: iron-nickel and cadmium-nickel. The mass for the positive plates of both varieties of the battery is nickel oxide hydrate, for negative ions it is a mixture of cadmium and iron. The charging of alkaline batteries begins with a current of 1.5 volts, after which the voltage is gradually increased to 1.8 volts. It should be noted that when the temperature is lowered, the battery capacity is reduced by 0.5% per degree.

Let's highlight the advantages that alkaline batteries have over lead-acid batteries:

1. When they are manufactured, rare and scarce lead is not used.

2. Increased mechanical strength and endurance (not afraid of shock, shaking and short circuits).

3. Alkaline batteries work much longer even with prolonged idle time.

4. Evaporation and harmful gases accumulate less.

5. Compared to lead, they are quite light.

6. Less demanding of care.

Alkaline batteries also have disadvantages:

1. EMF is less than that of lead acid.

2. The efficiency is lower by approximately 40-50%.

3. The cost is much higher.

Today, alkaline batteries are used only on machines that are operated in harsh operating conditions, or where durability and reliability are required (construction and agricultural machinery). Let's talk about two main types of battery, namely nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride.

The first nickel-cadmium batteries were produced in 1950. Since then they have been fully studied. Perfection of innovative production technologies allowed to increase their characteristics several times. The capabilities of these batteries are now actively used in various equipment (even in space) and special equipment. It is important to note that domestic products of this type are different from foreign analogues, since their production abroad goes in separate lots for specific requests of consumers.

Nickel-metal hydride alkaline batteries are less popular due to the fact that over the past decade they are heavily pressed by nickel-cadmium samples. Recent studies have significantly improved their characteristics. Due to environmental considerations , the study of cadmium batteries is gradually decreasing, and preference is given to metal hydride, but, unfortunately, their popularity has not yet gained momentum.

In the end I would like to note that the efficiency, and most importantly, the duration of operation depends mainly on the charging devices, which should provide a clear control of the charging process under various conditions. Therefore, when purchasing alkaline batteries, carefully study their characteristics and operating conditions.