A sprinter is who? Athletics: running for short distances

One of the most popular Olympic sports is athletics. It combines many different disciplines, including running competitions.

Who is a sprinter?

Sprint is a cyclic running, in which a significant manifestation of speed endurance is necessary. Thus, a sprinter is an athlete who overcomes a short distance with the maximum possible speed. The load in this run is anaerobic, and if in other runs the source of energy is glucose or fat, then here it is creatine. This is due to the excessive intensity of the loads.

The athlete needs a special speed endurance, since it is necessary to give out fully and immediately. Therefore, a sprint requires maximum physical training, like any other sport. Track and field athletics, running for a short distance in particular, is a powerful power exercise that has a strong impact on all the ongoing processes in the human body.

Features of sprinting

Because of the specific loads, the sprint has certain characteristics and influence on the athlete's body. First, it promotes the development of strength, endurance, positively affects the muscle tone, cardiac and pulmonary system. It can be said that the general well-being of a person improves and health is strengthened. Secondly, sprint-running is an effective stimulator of fat burning. At the same time, there is no burning of muscle mass, but on the contrary, skeletal muscles of the lower part of the body are being built up.

However, for all positive moments, the so-called smooth running is sufficiently traumatic and technically complex. Therefore, it is not recommended to begin with this species. Sprinter - this is an experienced, pre-prepared trial workouts for heavier loads, an athlete. Training is not only related to the testing of high-speed loads, but also to other athletics exercises.

Distances sprint. Running for 100 meters

Distinguish the length of the segments that overcome the sprinters. There are distances from 30 to 400 meters:
- 30 meters. It is held indoors, the race lasts only up to five seconds, which requires a good starting reaction.
- 100 meters. Refers to official distances at open stadiums.
- 200 meters. It can take place at both summer and winter stadiums. There is a competition in the passage of the curve, and after this straight section.
- 400 meters. It is considered a long sprint, requires special endurance and the ability to enter corners without slowing down.

The most popular and prestigious discipline is running for 100 meters. She has already been in the program of the Olympic Games since their inception. Competitions are held at summer stadiums, and the straight section of the track is 400 meters. This discipline is a race from the starting line to the finish line for a hundred-meter distance.

Running technique

The sprint includes four phases: start, start run, run directly over the distance, finish. As for the start, the sprint race uses a low start. This makes it possible to quickly start and develop the fastest possible speed, and also maintain it for a long time.

A sprinter is a runner who, for a short time, should be concentrated and toned.
For repulsion, a solid support is used in the form of a starting machine and pads. They also guarantee the stability and stability of the legs. The next stage is the starting run. In this phase, it is very important to achieve the speed closest to the maximum.

The achievement of high speed when running along the entire distance is due to a longer step, as well as a high tempo. The step length can be increased with the help of powerful repulsion. The maximum speed must be maintained until the end of the race. The race is finished when the athlete sprinter touches the trunk of the vertical plane. To avoid a decrease in the result, the runner should not make a jump before overcoming the finish line.

Preparation for competitions

Before the competition athletes undergo thorough preparation. It includes theoretical, integral, tactical, strength training, as well as training of mental stability. The knowledge of the theory of this discipline is ahead of any practical activity. The athlete must possess all the subtleties, the analysis of methods and means of training.

Also important is the physical strength of the athlete, his endurance and a stable central nervous system. Therefore, runners regularly perform various power and cardio exercises, constantly improving their power capabilities. It is equally important to eat and rest properly.

A sprinter is a person with powerful willpower, endurance and self-control. This causes the need for the formation of a stable psyche athlete. It is also very important to have a holistic attitude in preparation for the competition. This determines the integrated approach and the reproduction in various ways of acquired knowledge.

Competition Rules

A huge number of athletes take part in competitions in such sports as track and field athletics. Running for short distances is a discipline, whose participants are the most. Therefore, selection is conducted in several circles. It is very important to properly perform all the stages of the sprint race. Stadiums of official competitions are equipped with an automatic system of temporary registration, as well as a photo finish.

If the weather is windy, then the associated component of the wind is taken into account, since it can significantly alleviate the task of the athlete. Pads, from which athletes start, are equipped with a device that determines the reaction time of the runner. The need for such automation is due to the problem of false start, which can be the cause of subjective decision-making by the judges.

Photo Finish defines the order of the arrivals of athletes. The winner is the one whose trunk first crosses the finish plane. His image in the automatic timing system accurately determines the time that separates the athletes.