Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich: biography, photo, family

Zviagilsky Yefim Leonidovich is one of the most experienced politicians in Ukraine. He is the only person who was a deputy of all convocations of the Verkhovna Rada. Almost all the latest political history of Ukraine was not without his participation. Thus, a very significant figure is Zviagilsky Efim Leonidovich. The biography of this man will be the subject of our discussion.

Birth and childhood

Zviagilsky Efim Leonidovich was born in February, tragic for Ukraine in 1933 in a Jewish family in the city of Stalino, as it was then called Donetsk. His father, Leonid Zvyagilsky, was a small servant.

Little Yefim went to the school of his native city, and after his graduation entered the Donetsk Industrial Institute at the Mining Faculty.

Start of work

After graduating from the university in 1956 and receiving engineering specialization, Efim Leonidovich Zvyagilsky began working in the coal mining industry. He began his career in 1957 as an assistant to the chief of the mine site.

Having shown a high level of professionalism, diligence, perseverance, and also due to his personal characteristics, Efim Zvyagilsky quickly gained authority both among representatives of the work collective and in the eyes of his superiors. He could be promoted to the position of the chief of mine No. 13, which belonged to the "Kuibyshevugol" trust.

In leading positions

Finally, after thirteen years of hard work in managerial positions, in 1970 he was appointed director of the Kuibyshev mine management of the same trust. Finally, in 1979, Zviagilsky Yefim Leonidovich was promoted to the head of the Zasyadko mine, which was one of the largest coal mining enterprises of the Soviet Union and was a structural subdivision of the Donetskugol association.

The leadership was not mistaken, appointing Yefim Leonidovich to such a responsible position. Already a month after his appointment, the mine fulfilled the planned norms for the extraction of coal, which was not for many years. The following year, a record 1.6 million tons of coal was raised, which exceeded last year's figure by 25%. In addition, the cost of coal due to technical and organizational introduction Zvyagilsky was the first time in a long time below the planned, which allowed the mine to do without state subsidies and completely switch to self-sufficiency.

In addition, during the direct management of Yefim Zviagilsky mine, its modernization was constantly carried out, technologies were introduced that contributed to reducing the explosion hazard, as well as increasing the ventilation of working areas.

The achievements of Yefim Leonidovich Zvyagilsky were noticed at the highest level. In 1986, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he received the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

Zvyagilsky resigned from the post of director of the Zasyadko mine in late 1992, wishing to devote himself entirely to political activity. Nevertheless, up until now Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich remains an honorary director of this enterprise. Contacts, which he established for his work, and also continues to increase, plunged headlong into politics, allow him to actually control the activities of the Zasyadko mine and today, remaining chairman of the board of the enterprise.

The beginning of political career

The first steps in the political career Yefim Zvyagilsky did at the time of change, when the old social and political system collapsed and a new one was created, when a new independent state, Ukraine, was born on the ruins of the Soviet Union.

Being a member of the Communist Party of the USSR, Zvyagilsky Yefim Leonidovich was elected in 1990 as a people's deputy of the Ukrainian SSR, running for a single-mandate constituency. It was during this period of the cadenza of the deputy that the events of the August putsch took place in Moscow, the adoption of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, the all-Ukrainian referendum on secession from the USSR, the Belovezh agreements, the final collapse of the Soviet Union, and the ban on the activities of the Communist Party in Ukraine. Zvyagilsky left the CPSU and became non-partisan on August 24, 1991.

Simultaneously, Yefim Leonidovich continued to head the Zasyadko mine, releasing the post of its director only in November 1992. In the same month he was elected head of the Donetsk city executive committee and city council.

Work in government

But to work through the city's head of Donetsk from Zvyagilsky turned out just a little more than six months. In June 1993, the Donetsk group of large businessmen, using as an instrument of influence of the strike of miners, achieved the appointment of his first deputy prime minister, who at that time was another former economic executive - Leonid Kuchma.

As a result, the prime minister did not work well with his deputy, and already in September Leonid Kuchma resigned. Yefim Zvyagilsky as his first deputy was entrusted with the duties of prime minister. He coped with his task quite successfully: he managed to curb inflation, signed favorable contracts with Russia, created conditions for the restoration of the activities of enterprises. He personally engaged in the distribution of grants. It was his stay at the head of the government that greatly contributed to the growth of the economic power of the Donetsk group of entrepreneurs.

Meanwhile, in March 1994, Yefim Zvyagilsky took part in the next parliamentary elections as non-partisan. And this time he was elected to represent the people of Ukraine in the Verkhovna Rada.

But because of the pressure of political opponents, he was forced to resign from his post as Acting Prime Minister. In June 1994, a new head of government was appointed - Vitaly Masol.

Moving to Israel

On the eve of the presidential elections of 1994, Zvyagilsky became one of the targets of political rivals Leonid Kravchuk, to whom he was close. In the direction of Yefim Leonidovich, accusations of abuse were showered, and an investigation was even initiated. After the victory in the election of Leonid Kuchma, fearing further persecution, Zayagilsky immigrated to Israel.

Efim Leonidovich lived in the homeland of his ancestors from November 1994 to March 1997. At this time, although he was a member of the Verkhovna Rada, he could not take part in her activities for objective reasons.

Returning to Ukraine

In the end, having agreed with the then-ruling force in Ukraine headed by Leonid Kuchma, the politician was able to return to Ukraine in 1997. This was due to the fact that Donetsk capital, a significant part of which owned and Zvyagilsky himself, had more and more opportunities to dictate the terms of power.

On his return, Yefim Leonidovich took up his duties as a deputy and chairman of the board of the Zasyadko mine. In 1998, Zvyagilsky was again elected parliamentarian of the Verkhovna Rada.

In the Party of Regions

At that time, the Party of Regions, supported by the majority of the Donbas population, became the main force on which Donetsk capital relied. Yefim Zvyagilsky became one of the leaders of this political organization. The elections of 2002, 2006, 2007 and 2012 invariably ended with his election to the country's parliament.

After the President of the country in 2010 became the nominee of the Party of Regions Viktor Yanukovych, the Donetsk capital has considerably grown stronger. This group grew even stronger after the victory of the Party of Regions in the 2012 parliamentary elections. One of its main links was Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich himself. Its state for 2012 was 256 million dollars.

Being the oldest member of the Verkhovna Rada of the seventh convocation, Yefim Zvyagilsky was traditionally the first to swear an oath to the people in the session hall.

Further political career

But the hegemony of the Party of Regions lasted only until the beginning of 2014. Then, due to popular protests against the actions of the government, there was a coup d'etat that led to the loss of power by Viktor Yanukovych. The Party of Regions actually disbanded itself. At the parliamentary elections of 2014, on its basis, a new political force was formed, which adopted the name "Opposition block". Efim Leonidovich also became a member of this association. As part of the opposition bloc, he took part in the elections to the Verkhovna Rada in a single-seat constituency, he once again became a member of parliamentarians.

Thus, the answer to the question "Where is now Zviagilsky Efim Leonidovich?" Is extremely simple. He, as always, is engaged in parliamentary activities, currently being a member of the committee on relations with China and on the fuel and energy complex.

A family

What personal life does Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich live? His family is small. The wife of a famous politician is Lyudmila Yefimovna, born in 1931. She is a former doctor, and at the moment a pensioner.

Daughter of Yefim Leonidovich - Stella born in 1957. Like her mother, she is a doctor by training, but at the moment she is a housewife. Married to deputy Vladimir Vecherko. In 1979, this married couple gave Efim Leonidovich the granddaughter of Victoria.

general characteristics

Apparently, Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich seems to be a rather ambiguous figure of the Ukrainian political horizon. The photo below shows him as a man who has been exhausted for years, but has not lost his grip. He stood at the same time at the sources of the newest Ukrainian statehood and the formation of Donetsk's big capital.

Undoubtedly, as a politician and economic activist Yefim Zvyagilsky left his notable mark in the current history of Ukraine.