Where was the conspiracy of slaves led by Spartacus? Revolt of Spartacus

About Spartacus nothing knows unless the most dense person. And that certainly will say at least the minimum: "Yes, yes, it was Spartacus's uprising . The gladiators fought for freedom. "

Man from the legend

Someone will call the football club "Spartacus." Theaters will remember the ballet "Spartacus" and musicals. Lovers of literature will list plays and novels. Film fans - movies about this man.

How did he deserve such glory? The movement of slaves for freedom in ancient Rome (74-71 BC.) Was so powerful that the Spartacus revolt of the century after century provides food for thought. His name is a symbol of the liberation struggle.

Sold to the Gladiators

And where was the conspiracy of slaves led by Spartacus? He comes from a family of aristocrats. He was born in Thrace (present-day Bulgaria). His name is not coincidentally in tune with the family of kings of the Spartacides.

Spartacus is smart and educated. Like all the men of this people, he considered the career of a military only worthy. Since 18 years - a soldier of the Roman army. She was then the strongest. The young fighter has thoroughly studied her organization and manner of fighting. This was useful for the war of Sparta.

Later, the Thracian left for his homeland, which began a war with Rome. I fought. Was captured and sold into slavery.

By the way, he was twice captured. But the first time I managed to escape. When he was seized again by the Romans, they sold the prisoner to the gladiatorial school in Canou, where a conspiracy of slaves sprang up, headed by Spartacus.

He was forced to fight in the arena with the same miserable people as he was from the elite strata. Staying at the gladiator school is just a delayed death penalty.

But Spartak was strong not only physically. Thanks to the strength of spirit, fighting stamina, he was respected by the gladiators.

Conspiracy and escape

The more slaves became in Ancient Rome, the more the exploitation became tougher. They fled, burned the property of the owners, killed them. There were also performances with weapons in their hands. But then there were scattered riots.

In the year 74 BC. E. In the Capuan school of gladiators there were 200 conspirators. At the head - a native of Thrace.

Then Capua, where the conspiracy of slaves, led by Spartacus, was no different from other cities. But soon they will start talking about her. After all, the secret plan was revealed. The participants were seized. Saved only 78 people. Attacked the guards. They broke the school doors and fled the city.

We went to Vesuvius. The camp was set up on the mountain. To the rebels, gladiators from other schools, slaves from plantations, shepherds, peasants, soldiers flocked from everywhere.

The first fight. The first victory

To fight the fugitives, Capua sent her troops. But they suffered one defeat after another. This became known in Rome. A three-thousand-strong detachment was sent to suppress slaves. He was led by Claudius Pulcher.

This task seemed to him simple. To the top of the mountain there was only one trail. Claudius intended to block it - then the starving insurgents themselves would surrender.

Spartacus was smarter. He ordered the soldiers to weave ropes from the vines of wild grapes , from the willow rods - stairs. At night the warriors descended. Captured by surprise, a detachment of Romans was defeated.

"The slavish war"

About the defeat of Claudius learned in the capital. They directed the suppression of "slavish war", as they said then, the next detachments. At their head - praetor Varinius. He forced the insurgents to withdraw to the south. Spartacus himself did not want to fight. His army was still weaker than the enemy. He planned to reach the rich southern regions of the country. There to recruit more soldiers and only then to give battle to the Romans.

But Varinius, pursuing the insurgents, divided his army into pieces. This helped Spartacus, one by one, to deal with both detachments of the enemy.

As a result of these and other victories, the whole south of Italy was under the control of the insurgents. But Spartak did not intend to settle here. He dreamed of bringing his fighters to Thrace, Germany, Gaul, so that they would return home. And so the army of fugitive slaves begins their journey to the Alps.

The most terrible enemy

Only now, receiving reports on the scope of the riot, about 120,000 soldiers who gathered under the banner of Spartacus, the Senate realized the importance of war with them. Against the insurgents were two large armies. The battle was led by the consuls Gellius and Lentulus.

Leaving the rich territories like not all of Spartak. And after such a number of victories! Few people believed in the defeat of the uprising of Spartacus. And the leader himself, apparently, too. 30 thousand disgruntled fighters (under the command of Crixus) separated from the leader of the uprising, became a separate camp. They were overtaken by the soldiers of Gellius and killed. Kriks himself was killed.

Lentul hunted for Spartacus. But he defeated his detachment, and at the same time and helped him to help parts of Gellius.

Spartacus quickly left Italy. Here he is in Tsisalpine Gaul. Here he was met by a 10-thousand-strong army of Prairie Guy Wara. And again fate favors slaves.

Fatal mistake

The apogee of the war of the oppressed for their freedom came. Everything was decided right now. How will Spartacus behave? The rebellion of slaves will not be defeated?

The road to Transalpine Gaul, beyond the Alps, is open. And the leader suddenly turns back - to Italy! Why? There is a version that he was counting on Sertorius's support, but he was killed. Here lies the reasons for the defeat of the rebellion of Spartacus.

The news that the army of the rebels is going to Rome, caused panic among the townspeople. It was said that the commander ordered to go light for this throw. That is, an extra train - burn, kill the prisoners and slaughter the pack animals.

Spartacus from a simple gladiator turned into the most dangerous enemy of the great Rome. They also took into account the fact that the main armies of the Romans were in Thrace and Spain. In Rome, in a hurry, the new commander-in-chief, Mark Crassus, was elected.

But Spartacus suddenly decided not to go to the capital. He still considered his army weaker than the Roman army. Instead of northern Gaul, whose gate it already stood, turned to southern Sicily.

This was his mistake. Here are the reasons for the defeat of the rebellion of Spartacus. A lot of the rebels took this decision badly. 10 thousand people simply separated from the main part of the army. Crassus immediately attacked them. Destroyed two-thirds of the composition and continued the pursuit of Spartacus.

And he was already on the coast and arranged with the pirates to transport troops to the island. But they deceived him. Slowly the ships were withdrawn from the Straits of Messina.

The rebellious slaves meanwhile approached the southernmost part of the Brucium-Regi region. Here the strait between Italy and Sicily is the narrowest. Spartacus, who was almost impossible to force to change any of his decisions, planned to swim on improvised rafts. Logs and barrels were tied with branches. But the storm that rained down ruined the feeble fleet.

Spartak saw - the battle with Crassus will have to take. And that all pulled. He realized that it is possible to cut off the Spartak people from the mainland. To do this, dug a ditch 55 km long. From sea to sea. Slaves themselves will surrender, when there is nothing to eat.

But the leader of the insurgents did not want to wait passively. He led the army to the port of Brundisium. I thought that there was a chance to break out of Italy. To Crassus came a powerful reinforcement.

In the autumn of 71 BC. E. On the river Silarius in a brutal battle the army of Spartacus the Romans were defeated. The commander, who fought along with others, was killed.

From Capua, where a conspiracy of slaves sprang up, led by Spartacus, to the river Sylarius - this is the three-year path for the liberation of slaves. The struggle is tense, but unsuccessful.

Great Warlord

Epic called "Spartacus, the rebellion of slaves" was over. Many have found death on the battlefield. And 6 thousand soldiers who were captured were crucified on crosses. This terrible spectacle stretched along the entire tract - from Capua to Rome. On the famous Appian Way.

After the war of Sparta, there were no significant riots of slaves. Although the servitors never stopped their protests - in many different forms.

So, the slavish war is lost. Yes, in it, as in any riot, there was a spontaneous element, and ordinary miscalculations. However, Spartacus himself, despite the fact that he did not study military science, is considered a genius commander. He for a long time emerged victorious in a war where the enemy had the best forces. Today he is still seen as an example of a military strategist.