What is the material is heat-insulating. Heat-insulating material: GOST

The desire to make your home warmer and more comfortable inherent in all the owners of suburban property. To ensure that the housing was really well insulated, you need to choose the right material for insulation. The modern market offers many options for providing housing with heat. And do not necessarily use the old fashioned turf or moss, because there is something to choose from. Consider what heat insulation materials are in demand today.

Basalt rocks (GOST 9573-96)

The basalt heat-insulating material is obtained by melting rocks into which the binder elements are added to impart volume. This insulation allows to ensure the preservation of heat in the room, in addition, it serves as an excellent soundproofing and protection against fire. In furnish of habitation the basalt continuous or staple fiber is used. With prolonged use, such material will not be destroyed even under the influence of radiation. This material is heat-insulated in the form of mats, fire retardant rolls or super-thin fiber. The advantages of this thermal insulation include:

1. Ability to operate at temperature extremes.
2. Resistance to degradation with contrast action - from cooling to heating.
3. High chemical resistance.
4. Non-combustibility.
5. Ecological cleanliness.
6. Long service life.

The heat-insulating material "Vermiculite", which is a mineral of a layered structure, has proved to be very good. When heated, threads are obtained into which other components are added, thereby obtaining an insulating material. Thanks to high-quality additives, materials are obtained that are resistant to most harmful factors. It is used as a heat-insulating backfill at various temperatures.

Foamed polypropylene (GOST 26996-86)

Excellent thermal insulation material for pipes - foamed polypropylene. The closed porous structure, smooth surface, good water-repellent properties, high strength and resistance to destructive effect make this material popular. Ecological cleanliness and non-toxicity allow the material to maintain its performance for a long time.

Fiberboard

If you are looking for a quality thermal insulation material for the floor, pay attention to the wood-fiber plates. They are based on softwood fibers, so they are ecologically safe. Plates are obtained as a result of deep processing of wood. Therefore, the final material shows an effective thermal insulation. Due to this, fiber boards are widely used in construction as a heat-insulating material for the arrangement of roofing systems, walls, floors and floors. The distinctive features include:

1. No harm to the environment and easy recycling.
2. Resistance to temperature changes.
3. Good soundproofing properties.
4. Increased hygroscopicity and water absorption.

Wood-fiber heat-insulating material (GOST 4598) is created in the form of large-size slabs or sheets consisting of fibrous material, subject to molding and heat treatment.

Liquid heat-insulating materials

Among modern insulating materials, it is possible to note such a variety as liquid ones. In them, the main component are balls made of ceramic or silicone, which consist of discharged air. The balls are placed in the latex mixture with additional acrylic interlacing and various additives that prevent the appearance of corrosion. The liquid heat-insulating material is applied as a paint, and after hardening, a heat-insulating layer is formed, not inferior to the traditional types of heaters in terms of their performance properties. The main features of this material include:

• Good hydro and thermal insulation;
• Protection from corrosion;
• Ease of application and repair;
• Long service life.

Liquid heat insulation is applied to the surface by a roller or spray, and even a layer of 1 cm is sufficient to minimize heat loss. In our country, this material is not yet used as often as conventional heaters, but thanks to its excellent waterproofing and anti-corrosion properties, it also finds its consumer.

Heat-insulating liquid material perfectly adheres to any type of surface, including metal and plastic. After interaction with them, an elastic film is formed, characterized by strength and density. Manufacturers guarantee that the thermal insulation properties are preserved for 15 years. The main advantages of a liquid heat insulator are in lightness, fineness, the possibility of application at different temperatures and incombustibility. It is widely used in aviation, space, shipbuilding industry, construction of residential and industrial facilities, insulation of pipelines.

Combined materials

Choosing a modern thermal insulation material, pay attention to the so-called removable insulation. It is necessary for finishing manholes, fittings, fittings, turbines under the temperature regime from -40 to +700 degrees. In combined materials, two layers - the inner layer is filled directly with insulation (mineral wool, glass wool or foamed rubber is used as such), while the outer layer is made of reinforced glass fabric and various polymers. This isolation quickly pays off, the level of heat loss is reduced to 95%, and the durability of the finish is about 30 years. Due to the two-layer structure, it is advisable to use such material in harsh climatic conditions.

Materials based on silica

These heat insulators attract attention to resistance to high temperatures - they can be safely used and at 1000 degrees. On the basis of silica fibers, mats are created that are not only excellent heat insulators, but also no less good heat protectors in the premises. Such materials are widely used to protect the walls from the effects of fire, as well as those rooms that need additional security. Such a heat-insulating material for walls is simply an excellent option. Among the most popular materials of this type is the ecological clean and reliable insulator "Super Silica".

Minvata and mats

The most common method of warming the premises is the use of mineral wool. Plates are created during the melting of rocks, when in the process of production synthetic binders are added to the mixture, giving the products a certain shape. Mineral heat-insulating material is a universal solution, because with its help it is possible to insulate a room of any type. The production of plates is carried out in accordance with GOST 9573-96, and they are divided into several categories.

A type of mineral fiber is glass wool. It is more coarse in consistency, differs in density, resistance to shrinkage, fibers remain intact and intact even under prolonged exposure to vibrations.

Plates of increased rigidity are created on the basis of synthetic binders. Thanks to them, high strength and large dimensions of the material are ensured, which makes it very profitable to buy such a heat-insulating material - its price will be low, since the plates will last for a large space. On average, you will have to pay 1200 rubles for packing (18 square meters).

In the form of plates or blocks, foamed glass is created, which is obtained by sintering the glass combat powder with limestone or anthracite. The distinctive features of these materials include frost resistance, strength, ease of processing, temperature resistance.

Penoizol

Many owners of country houses will tell you that the foam polystyrene "Penoizol" is very suitable for finishing the most different rooms. This is the best thermal insulation material of our time, which has impressive properties. First, it has a small density. Secondly, it can not be influenced by fire and rodents. Thirdly, the manufacturers state that this heat insulator is able to last for 35 years. Today, the material is widely used in low-rise construction, when erecting storage facilities, hangars and other production sites. The distinctive features include:

• Resistance to moisture;
• Simplicity of installation;
• Economy;
• Low thermal conductivity.

Foam glass

This material is a closed cell, obtained by foaming a mixture of crushed glass and carbon. This structure provides a low density and ease of insulation. The distinctive features of foam glass include the following:

1. High strength.
2. Non-combustibility.
3. Resistance to moisture.
4. Resistance to mechanical damage.
5. No need to use special tools when working.

According to GOST 16381-77, the material refers to the slab in its form, but products made of foam glass can also be shaped. Today, this insulation is widely used in industrial and civil construction, the construction of roads and sports facilities, as well as in the agro-industrial sector.

Perlite

At the heart of this thermal insulation material lie the grains of volcanic rocks, which are fired. Perlite contains up to 3% water, which begins to turn into steam when exposed to high temperatures and evaporates. As a consequence, the expanded perlite is obtained. Thanks to the porous structure, the material shows excellent water protection properties, which allows it to be used for residential and industrial construction. Perlite is also used to create heat-insulating materials, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the final material by almost 40%.

Roll insulation "Ursa"

This material draws attention to the fact that it can be used for finishing pitched structures, partitions, floors and ceilings. It is made in the form of rolls, due to which a tight fit is provided where the structural units converge due to high compressibility and elasticity. In addition to the insulation of walls and roofing, the roll insulation is used in thermal insulation of pipelines, sound insulation of air ducts, as well as in the finishing of industrial equipment and installations. The cost of it - from 1300 rubles per package (1.2 m3).

Penoplex

The basis of this material is expanded polystyrene, and its various varieties are used for processing different elements of the basement:

• "Penoplex 35" is needed for finishing the foundations of houses, enclosing structures and structures.
• "Penoplex 45" is used for warming floors, which account for a large load of foundations, roads and railways.
• "Penoplex Standard" is used for thermal insulation of foundations, floors, swimming pools and pipeline systems.

"Penoplex" perfectly copes with insulation, because it shows high strength and durability, resistance to various types of impact, fire resistance and ease of use. The cost is from 4000 rubles per 1 m 3.

Flax and cellulose

Thermal insulation material based on flax - environmentally friendly and safe, so it can be safely used for interior decoration from the inside. It is widely used in low-rise and wooden houses. Thanks to such material, the climate in the room will be naturally regulated, condensate will not appear in the house, and the air itself will not be wet or, conversely, dry. Thermal insulation material based on flax is widely used for finishing ceilings, internal partitions, external walls, floors and ceilings. If you need an inexpensive heater for the attic, give preference to the material based on cellulose. Thanks to the presence of boric materials your house will be reliably protected from insects.

Thus, today a huge amount of heat-insulating materials that can be used for interior decoration is presented. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, so when choosing a universal solution, start from your preferences, from the characteristics of your house, as well as from financial opportunities. And remember that competent and high-quality insulation - a pledge that your house will be warm, and you can save on its further maintenance.