What is poteshki? Russian folk poteshki: examples

What is poteshki? Does this word have any meaning for modern children and their parents? What is the use of nursery rhymes, and what can they be useful for the younger generation? Russian folk poteshki is a special genre of oral folk art. The rhymed short stories, rhymes and songs are combined with simple movements. This is the beauty of the nursery rhymes: they can be told to children from an early age. Remembering the words and the movements combined with them, the child trains memory and fine motor skills, remembers the names of body parts, animals and much more.

In most cases, parents do not even think about what a nursery rhyme is and what they can be useful for their child. However, educational institutions long ago adopted folklore works. Many short nursery rhinoceroses are still used in kindergartens for carrying out exercise exercises, popularizing hygienic procedures, and also as a sound accompaniment for a massage.

When there were nursery rhymes?

The exact date when the Russian nursery rhymes appeared, no historian can name. It is only known that they were used during the reign of Vladimir, it was then that the first written mentions of them appeared. Unfortunately, many texts have not reached our time, or have been modified due to the fact that words and expressions are outdated and out of use. Perhaps, the only nursery rhymes that have not succumbed to the influence of time are those that contain descriptions of animals and birds.

The use of nursery rhymes in the upbringing of children has always been the norm in Russia. In every family, regardless of their well-being and class affiliation, they knew what kind of nursery school was, and used them for any contact with children. Their melodious sound and semantic positive component helped to establish closer contact with the child, to calm him and to adjust to productive interaction with adults. Songs-poteshki often were composed by moms, grandmothers and nannies on the move, which made them unique. Unfortunately, many monuments of literature have not reached our days.

However, even today there are short rhymes that can be used in the process of raising children. Literally every step from waking up in the morning and before falling asleep to the night can be combined with nursery rhymes that will not only set the baby to a positive wave, but also help him to learn a lot of necessary knowledge.

Flows for the development of speech and fine motor skills

All without exception, folk nursery rhymes during the utterance are accompanied by movements. This plays a big role in the development of small motor skills in young children. Known to all "Soroka" refers precisely to these verses.

Magpie-white-beaked

Porridge cooked, children fed

(Circular movements of the finger on the palm).

The first gave, the second gave,

Third gave, the fourth gave,

And the fifth - did not give

(Mom takes turns touching each finger, bending it to the palm).

You did not cut wood,

You did not drown the stove,

You did not carry water.

You do not have anything

(The thumb is slightly swinging with the help of a free hand).

When each line is spoken, the child, first with the help of adults, and then independently, performs finger movements: moves them along the palm of the other hand, counts the fingers, bends them, holds them in a bent position. This poteshka, due to small, precisely calibrated movements, initiates the development of both hemispheres of the baby's brain. In addition, "Soroka" helps the child to master certain social attitudes in the family - everyone should help with housework. Vocabulary, which is required from the child during the pronunciation of this poteshki, small, but all phrases and sounds are built in such a way that it is easy for them to pronounce and memorize.

Aids for easy awakening

Awakening in many children is not very easy. In this case, Russian nursery rhymes can help, which are combined with gymnastics and a light massage.

Potyagushki potayagushki

(Parents perform stroking movements throughout the body of the child).

Here they are bachelor bums

(The sides and belly of the child are stroked).

Here are the legs and walker

(The legs are stroked, easily bent at the knees and straightened).

Here are the grips

(The hand is stroked, bent and unbent at the elbows, bred in the sides).

Here are the ears-hearings

(Slightly rubbed ears).

Here is the little nose

(Touching the spout).

Here and glazonki-strelki

(The child opens his eyes, blinks).

Here is the mouth-talk

(The child shows the language).

That's reason-rational.

(Stroking the child on the head).

In addition to massage, such nursery rhymes help the child memorize the name of body parts. This is achieved not in the process of targeted training, but in a playful, informal form.

Spirits forming self-service skills

Each parent wants to accustom his child to water procedures, because very often kids are capricious, do not want to wash their hands, let alone face. Help can come folk poteshki, uttering which during washing, you can distract the child and turn water procedures into a fun game. Here is one of them:

Water, water, water,

Wash our face,

To glazonki shone,

For the cheeks to turn pink,

He laughed so that the roller,

Has bitten that a tooth.

Swirls can sometimes be modified by inserting the child's name or his favorite toy into the text. This will contribute to the fact that the kid will feel his direct involvement in what is happening.

Sweets with food

With a lack of appetite in children, you can fight in many ways, and Russian folk poteshki are no exception. Word after word, a spoonful for a spoon - a child in the process of a peculiar game is eating all the food prepared for him.

Who is our favorite?

Spoonful first - for my mother.

And the second for whom?

Yes for your dad!

Well, the third full spoonful

Misha eats for the cat.

Eat for a woman and a grandfather,

A couple of spoons - for a neighbor,

For the girlfriend Masha,

Spoonful of Arkasha,

And then for the sake of a friend

Eat from the plate poskrebushki.

It is important to include in the nursery rhymes that are read during eating, the name of the child and fully engage in the game itself, changing the timbre of voice and intonation as the plot develops. To feed raskapriznachavshegosya baby, sometimes you have to play whole views, where as mentioned in the poteshki heroes involved toys.

Spots during dressing and trekking for a walk

Kids are very difficult to dress for a walk in the fresh air. A child can not always put on his own shoes or fasten a jacket, and with the help of adults refuses. In this case, you can unobtrusively help him by saying:

Where is the machine boots?

This - exactly from the right leg,

This one is exactly from the left leg.

If the rain suddenly goes away,

Sapozhok not fall.

Where are the sister buttons?

They do not want to put up with a noose.

Once a circle, two circles,

Come home, buddy!

Pugs go deftly

In the loop with your head.

One two Three,

We got dressed - look!

Flavors about the phenomena of nature

While staying in the open air, you can talk with your child about the natural phenomena and surrounding objects, including animals. This will diversify the course of the walk and help the child learn a few new words.

Snow-snowball, crunch,

As zainka cabbage,

Wind-breeze, we sing,

Like a nightingale in the spring.

Among other things, such nursery rhymes allow the child to build an associative array that helps to compare different phenomena and sounds: the crunch of snow with the crunch of cabbage, the sound of wind in the branches of the trees with the singing of birds, the rustling of leaves with the rustling of paper and much more.

Sweat before bedtime

Do not forget about the fun and during the lulling of the child, especially those mothers who do not know how or do not want to sing lullabies. Folk poteshki about dreams, falling asleep and dreams are very melodic and easy to perceive.

Lyuli, Lyuli, Lyulenki,

Gulenki arrived.

The ghouls are flying out,

Katya carries a dream, a dream.

Gul will coo,

Katya will fall asleep.

Developing, the child absorbs a lot of information. Knowing that such poteshki, since the early childhood the kid takes possession of a large number of words, masters the variety of intonations, which with the same words attach special meaning to the utterance. All this helps the kid to feel the beauty of his native language and master his various forms.