What is LCD? Symptoms of the disease and its treatment.

The condition caused by the appearance of stones in the gallbladder and biliary tract is called cholelithiasis, or abdominal scoliosis. Symptoms of this disease, especially clearly manifested during exacerbation. This is a fairly common disease of the digestive system. In middle age - this is about 40 years, CSF, the symptoms of this disease, can be found in 30% of women and 15% of men. Quite often in cholelithiasis , inflammation of the bladder occurs (in about 35% of cases). The appearance of stones is associated with a violation of the constancy between bile acids, a lentin on the one hand, and substances dissolved in the bile (cholesterol, bilirubin, calcium carbonate) on the other hand. For the deposition of cholesterol in the sediment, the slightest fluctuations of this equilibrium are sufficient. The result is the crystallization of bile and its precipitation. The reasons for excess cholesterol are many. This, first, increased production of cholesterol, a decrease in the production of bile acids and phospholipids. Secondly, the mucous membrane of the gallbladder secretes glycoproteins, which can contribute to an excessive saturation of the bile with cholesterol. Another component of the bile is bilirubin, penetrating deep into the crystallized cholesterol, as it were cementing it, further strengthening the stone. The resulting calculus has a pathological effect: when the bladder is shortened, the stone can clog the duct lumen, on the other hand, constantly irritating and traumatizing the wall of the bladder, it leads to the development of cholecystitis.

Diagnosis of CLS, symptoms of disease

Typical complaints of the patient, the detection of stones in the bladder, as a rule, without difficulty, make it possible to diagnose the liver cancer by the doctor. Symptoms and clinical picture of the disease with exacerbation are characterized by the appearance of colic (severe paroxysmal pain) in the area of the projection of the bladder and liver. Pain can radiate to the neck, right arm, under the scapula. All this can be accompanied by nausea, bitterness in the mouth, and also vomiting with an admixture of bile. With prolonged pain, blockage of the outflowing ducts with a stone, skin itching appears and can develop jaundice of the skin and sclera. Strong colic may be accompanied by symptoms of irritation of the peritoneum.

It should always be clearly known that any attack of pain or exacerbation of the disease, which lasts for several hours, if the conservative measures taken are ineffective, is an indication for the hospitalization of the patient in the surgical ward to determine the further tactics of treatment.

During the examination, you can palpably detect a painful and enlarged gallbladder. The liver can also be slightly enlarged and painful. Positive symptoms are characteristic of the CLS (Ortner, Murphy, Kera, Zakharyin and others).

Since the LMC is more common in women, it is necessary to dwell separately on such an option as LAS and pregnancy. If a woman already had stones before pregnancy, or there is a predisposition to their formation (thick bile, deformities and excesses of the bladder, dyskinesia of the biliary tract), then the pregnancy that has occurred may trigger an aggravation of the disease. The enlarged uterus presses the bladder, causing bile stagnation and crystallization. The management of such patients with exacerbation is reduced to a possible conservative arrest of the attack and subsequent surgery after delivery. If the attack does not stop, an emergency cholecystectomy with drainage of the duct is performed.

Complications of CLS

The complication of the disease may be the development of cholecystitis, due to trauma to the walls of the bladder and the attachment of infection. The wedging of the stone in holedoh or other hepatic duct causes them to clog (choledocholithiasis) and mechanical appearance of jaundice. This, in turn, causes inflammation of the ducts. The most formidable complication of CLS is the development of biliary peritonitis. Untimely assistance can lead to death.

Treatment

Treatment of an esophagus operative. Remove the bladder. If the stones are in the choledoch, it is opened, the stones are removed, then they are sutured and drained.