Water in the lungs. Description. Causes

Pulmonary edema is a condition in which water accumulates in the lungs. The reasons can be different. Often this condition is the result of too high pressure, formed in the blood vessels or insufficiency of the protein in the blood. Water in the lungs can also accumulate due to the inability to restrain fluid in the plasma.

Edema is the term used to determine the complex of symptoms. Water in the lungs seeps out of the vessels. The structural unit of the organ is presented in the form of a tiny thin-walled sac - the alveoli. Alveolus tightly braided by a network of capillaries. Between them and air there is a gas exchange. Thin walls in the alveoli and the developed internal surface of the organ promote a fairly rapid gas exchange. Together with this, the likelihood of the fact that under the influence of different factors, water in the lungs will accumulate.

Edema occurs in the case where fluid instead of air in the alveoli begins to accumulate. It, in turn, begins to leak through the vessels. This phenomenon can provoke a violation of gas exchange, hypoxia, which will be accompanied by shortness of breath. Blood, not rich in oxygen, leads to starvation of other body systems. In describing the patient's condition, in some cases the definition of "water in the lungs" is used.

Cardiogenic provoking factors are reduced, in general, to an increase in pressure in the vessels. Pressure, in turn, is associated with a disorder of cardiac activity. In connection with the disorder of the pumping function of the heart, congestive heart failure occurs. Such a violation occurs in people who have had a heart attack and who have valvular heart defects. Stagnation of blood in the vessels provokes an increase in blood pressure and seepage into the alveoli from the vessels.

Non-cardiogenic edema can be triggered by acute respiratory distress syndrome. This condition is considered potentially dangerous and is caused by trauma, severe systemic infection, lung damage, and radiation damage. In the distress syndrome, integrity in the alveoli is impaired. This, in turn, contributes to the accumulation of water in the lungs.

Neurogenic edema occurs as a result of brain operations, severe convulsive seizure, trauma or hemorrhage to the brain.

The accumulation of fluid can be provoked and rapidly expanding lung. This happens when the air is removed from the pleura. With exudative pleurisy, a very rapid expansion of the lung occurs. It should be noted that the edema is characteristic for one side of the lesion. In this regard, it is called "one-sided".

In rare cases, the lesion can be triggered by an overdose of drugs or drugs.

Treatment of the lungs will depend on the type of edema.

With the inability to remove fluid from the body and kidney failure, there is an increase in blood circulation, increased blood pressure and, as a consequence, swelling. Dialysis is prescribed in patients with progressive kidney pathologies to eliminate excess fluid.