Vodka: composition. Chemical composition and nutritional value of vodka

Vodka can be called the most popular drink on every feast and holiday. It consists of ethyl alcohol, which is purified from impurities diluted with water. Vodka, whose composition should contain 40 percent alcohol, can be with additives. Usually it is fruits, berries, spices and other ingredients. A high degree of purification makes it possible to make a product that, unlike analogues, does not cause a hangover. But this is only vodka, the composition of which can truly be called qualitative.

A bit of history

The exact date of origin of this drink is not present. But the approximate time of birth can be considered 14-15 century. It happened on the territory of the Russian state. Therefore, all the claims of other countries are not valid. In 1982, international arbitration recognized this drink as originally Russian. In the 14th century, the Genoese ambassadors brought wine spirits to Russia. This was the basis of all the famous drinks with high strength. And in Russia, on the basis of wine alcohol, a drink was obtained, which was called "vodka". In the middle of the 15th century, the grain yield reached unprecedented heights. The export of grape wines from Byzantium ceased. It is time for a change in the production of alcoholic beverages. As history shows and legends say, around 1430 a monk from Chudov created a recipe for real Russian vodka. For this, he had all the possibilities: knowledge and equipment. Well, Mendeleev introduced the concept and designation on the bottle - 40% vol. He does not own the invention of vodka. He made it qualitative and achieved patent registration.

Properties of good vodka

Not all vodka, which can be found on the shelves, can be called qualitative. It all depends on the manufacturer and the ingredients used. What are the characteristics of a good product? Firstly, it is a delicate, unique fragrance. A good product does not have a sharp odor. Secondly, it's a mild taste. The composition of vodka and its production must meet all modern requirements. The quality of the product speaks and its packaging. Cork and cap must fit snugly against the bottle, and stamps with the date of bottling - clearly read. At the bottom of the bottle there should be no sediment. The right composition of vodka allows you to make a clean, clear drink. The turbid contents of the bottle indicate the use of poor quality water or the presence of impurities. The label must contain information about the manufacturer, its contact details and a code consisting of 7-10 digits. There must be information about certification and production licenses.

The composition of vodka

When determining quality, the components used for production are very important. The composition of vodka, if not go into the basics of chemistry, is water and alcohol. Three types of alcohol are usually used. The first species is produced from potatoes or grains and has the highest degree of purification. Next come extra varieties and deluxe, made from selected grain. The last two species are considered the best. A great role is played by water quality. Good manufacturers pre-clean it from salts and impurities. If the packaging has information on cleaning with silver, this indicates the quality of the water. If the label says "cleaned with milk," then this is more relevant to the final product.

Degree of alcohol purification

Good quality alcohol is produced from a mixture of potatoes and grains or from each ingredient separately. Also, molasses, sugar beet and raw sugar are used for this. There is a degree of purification degree of alcohol. The first grade product has 96 percent of the fortress. Higher purification provides an indicator of 96.2% per cent. The best types of alcohol - extra and lux - have, respectively, 96.5 and 69.3 percent. Also distinguish still medical and anhydrous alcohol.

Water purification

The composition of vodka necessarily includes water. But this is not an ordinary liquid from the tap, but a special one, free from impurities. To make the water ideally suited for the production of vodka, salt must be removed from it. This procedure will make it softer. Sometimes it is required to completely clean the water of all elements. After that, it is saturated with microelements. This technology is also used for the production of drinking and mineral water. Therefore, information on the purification of silver indicates the enrichment of water with ions of this metal.

Additives

Many manufacturers introduce additional components or additives into Russian vodka. This happens for various reasons. Firstly, it is a desire to single out your product and make it unusual. The competition in the alcohol market is serious and all methods are used in the struggle for the consumer. Secondly, many additional ingredients purify vodka, making it taste softer. This improves the quality of the product. Well, the last factor, but not the most pleasant, is an attempt to hide the shortcomings of vodka, its bad taste and quality. Therefore, rely on these indicators or not, this is a private matter for everyone. The main ingredients that are used as additives are citric acid, honey, milk powder, sugar, baking soda, acetic acid and potassium permanganate. Some manufacturers use sodium acetate and sodium hydrogencarbonate. The choice of additive depends on the type of vodka or brand. Very often, honey is used. It is introduced into the composition of vodka, diluted with pure water. This component makes the product softer.

Classification of vodka

Depending on the number of "turns" vodka is divided into four categories. This is 40, 45, 50 and 56 percent. Experts in the field of the production of alcoholic beverages divide it into four more classes: economy, standard, premium and superpremium. The last two classes are elite drinks. They are distinguished by excellent quality and higher cost. For their preparation use only the best kinds of alcohol and thoroughly purified water. During the evaluation of the quality of vodka, two categories of indicators are used. The first is organoleptic factors, which include smell, transparency and taste. The second group is analytical indicators. Here, laboratory tests are carried out and the alkalinity, the presence of impurities and the percentage of alcohol content are determined.

Royal vodka: history

For the first time the description of royal vodka appeared in the 14th century. Hydrochloric acid was not yet known to people. The method of obtaining the beverage provided for the distillation of a mixture of alum, copper sulfate, ammonia and saltpeter. The second method is the mixing of nitric and hydrochloric acid, was described in 1597 by the alchemist Andreas Libavia. Thanks to the royal vodka, many discoveries were made in alchemy, there was an increase in knowledge about chemical reactions and substances.

Properties of royal vodka

What is royal vodka? The composition of acids in this drink gives it certain properties. Royal vodka is a mixture of two acids, nitric and hydrochloric, in the proportion of one to three. This is one of the strongest oxidants. This quality is due to the chloride nitrosil. Freshly prepared "vodka" is colorless. After a short time, it acquires an orange shade. A distinctive feature of this liquid is the strong smell of chlorine and nitrogen dioxide. This mixture is prepared immediately before use. Royal vodka, whose composition of acids we have considered above, eventually loses its oxidizing properties and decomposes.

The use of royal vodka

Where is this drink used? Tsarskaja vodka, the composition, the use of which differs from the use of ordinary spirits, is used in laboratories as a reagent. It is used for cleaning laboratory utensils from organic substances. It is also used for the analysis of noble metals, the production of metal chlorides and in other experiments. The chemical composition of tsarist vodka allows to dissolve low-active metals, platinum, gold and palladium, even at room temperature. Gold dissolves in royal vodka at a speed of 10 μm / min. The presence of oxygen is required to etch ruthenium. These two components result in hexachlororotenic acid. You can not dissolve silver in royal vodka. This is due to the formation of silver chloride on the surface of the film. Also resistant to acids are metals such as titanium, tantalum, zirconium, chromium, niobium and hafnium.

Royal vodka, the composition, the use of which we have considered, is not used for oral administration!

Balot Balotov

Very many people are interested in information about Balot's balm. It is known that a mixture of concentrated acids - nitric and hydrochloric acid - is royal vodka. The composition according to Bolotov is a weaker solution. Balsam, which is prepared in pharmacies, corresponds to a 3 percent solution of hydrochloric acid. Therefore, it does not have a destructive effect on the human stomach and is taken internally. What effect does this drug have on the human body?

Sulfuric acid dissolves the connective tissue due to the conversion of sugar into mucopolysaccharides. In other words, it dissolves old cells and improves digestion. Nitric acid improves the work of the adrenal glands and increases the level of adrenaline. Also, there is an improvement in cell nutrition, where pyruvic acid plays an important role . Balot's balm promotes the formation of vitamins and amino acids in the body and restores protein molecules. It has a beneficial effect on all processes occurring in the body, and prevents inflammation. Balm performs several functions. Firstly, this is an increase in the number of new cells. Secondly, it reduces the slagging of the body, that is, the conversion of waste products into salts and removing them from the body. The third is fighting microbes and restoring organs.

"Russian standard"

Established in 1998, the company for the production of alcoholic beverages is the largest producer in this field. Vodka "Russian Standard" is a drink that is produced in several versions at a factory in St. Petersburg. Today the line consists of several types: "Empire", "Original", "Platinum" and "Russian Standard Gold". All varieties are characteristic for this type of features and unique properties. This product can be called truly the best. The composition of vodka "Russian Standard" includes only quality ingredients. The production technology meets all modern requirements. For production, the best varieties of wheat grown in the Chernozem region are taken, and water is taken from the underground source, which is connected to the Ladoga Lake. It is a soft, pleasant drink, worthy of aristocrats.

Vodka "Beluga"

"Beluga" is premium vodka. This drink can be called one of the best on our shelves. Vodka "Beluga", whose composition can be called ideal, contains natural honey, an extract of milk thistle and oatmeal. It is made from the finest spirit of luxury and water from artesian sources. Pour this drink into bottles made in France. Each specimen is decorated with an emblem in the form of a fish and covered with an airtight, environmentally friendly stopper.

Preferring strong spirits, choose only high-quality products. And remember that excessive consumption of vodka leads to irreversible consequences.