Vera Maretskaya: biography, filmography, private life

The great Russian actress Vera Maretskaya was born July 31, 1906 in the so familiar to the current generation of Russians near Moscow village Barvikha. Her father PG Maretsky was a small private entrepreneur - he rented a buffet, and although he was not a rich man, he provided excellent education to four children - the two older sons graduated from the Institute of Red Professors, Vera Petrovna herself entered the Moscow University at the Faculty of Philosophy, The sister became a teacher. By this time, Vera was fairly fluent in German and French.

The choice is made

Vera Maretskaya, after studying for a year at the university, realized that in life she needed only theater, and secretly from her parents she submitted documents to three theatrical studios, was accepted into two and chose a very popular school at the time . Vakhtangov. The girl she was talented, direct, by nature clever and erudite, in a word, charming, despite the fact that she never considered herself a beauty. And the magnificent Yu Zavadsky, who was in the jury, could not resist her charms. He was just thinking about his team, and after graduating from the studio school in 1924, Vera Maretskaya will forever connect her creative destiny with the theater of this talented director.

Wife and mother

Her personal destiny, too, was associated with him for many years, although they did not live long in an official marriage. Mutual understanding and friendship connected them to the end of the days - the first to die was A. A. Zavadsky, a year later Vera Petrovna.

Vera Maretskaya in 1926 gave birth to a boy, whom Vakhtangov was named after Eugene in honor of Vakhtangov. Armed, he dreamed of architecture, but at the insistence of his mother, and she was a powerful woman, entered the GITIS. He gave his whole life to the theater of his father and mother, but never came out of their shadow.

Sister

By the time when Yu. Zavadsky left V. Maretskaya, she had in her arms, besides the little Zhenya, even the smaller Shura, the son of the arrested brother Dmitri. Sasha she raised as her own child. Both brother journalists were shot on the same day in 1937. To Vera Petrovna's credit, she did not deny them, but, being constantly threatened with arrest as a relative of the enemies of the people (they were accused of Bukharin's case), she always helped them with the parcels, and in general as she could.

Nationality

By this time, Vera Maretskaya was a famous, beloved, titled actress. Her creative destiny was much more fortunate than her own. An actress with a huge talent who could do any role equally well, above all praise, played a partisan in the film "She Fought for the Motherland" and the midwife Zmeyukin in "The Wedding", defeated all the characteristic roles in the theater, and always with invariable success (still Before the war went to Maretskaya). She could play the roles of all roles, she simply and naturally played women of any class, any nationality. Vera Maretskaya was Russian by nationality. Rostislav Yanovich Plyatt, the cleverest and most intelligent person who had loved Vera Petrovna for many years, belongs to the phrase that in the world there is only one nationality - a good, decent person. And then, the phrase Alexandra Sokolova ("Member of the Government"), known to everyone - "I'm standing in front of you, a simple Russian woman ..." - it was Maretsky who uttered it, and it is justifiable.

Film actress

Vera Maretskaya, whose personal life was inextricably linked with the theater, was not very much shot in the movies - in only 25 films. However, these were so impressive works that the whole country knew and loved the Maretsky-movie actress. Her talent was such a power that even in the propaganda film "Member of the Government" she made her heroine so alive a woman that she is believed and loved by many generations, despite the change of power in the country. The first film, which was played by V. Maretskaya, was released in 1925, "The cutter from Torzhok," Yakov Protazanov. In this film with a young charming Vera played Igor Ilyinsky, already an acclaimed actor who spoke well of the work of the partner.

The Second Marriage

Before the war, Vera Maretskaya, whose filmography, as mentioned above, is not very great, starred in 10 films. Affected and the workload on the stage of the stage, and the fact that the studio of Yu.A. Zavadsky was deported to Rostov-on-Don, allegedly for the elevation of the peripheral theater. The troupe left in 1936, and returned - in 1940. In the same year, Vera Petrovna married the artist of the same theater GP Troitsky, a year later they have a daughter Mashenka. Georgy Petrovich goes to the front as a volunteer and dies in 1943. About his death, Maretzka was not informed until the end of the shooting of the scene in which the great VP (so called her in the theater) played with her son ("She Fought for the Motherland"). This film was shown on all fronts of the Great Patriotic War - he enjoyed incredible popularity. After watching it, people were eager to fight.

Next repression

In life titled Vera Petrovna, and she received awards also for theatrical performances, was absolutely not arrogant, arrogant, did not establish distances between herself and people, but she knew perfectly clearly the price. And everyone knew this price - she was never touched by the authorities, even though her younger sister Tatiana was arrested after the war. And again Vera Petrovna sent out parcels and letters of support, ran to the authorities, and still achieved the release of her sister in two years, although without the right to live in the capitals. They were united only in the 60s.

And again, a happy and rich creative life (Vera Petrovna tours extensively, including abroad, is acting in the cinema, works in the theater) is not very in harmony with her personal. After the death of his wife, R. Ya. Plyatt makes an offer to Vera Petrovna, but she refuses, citing her age, although she still looks beautiful. Witty, sharp-tongued, charming Vera Maretskaya (photo attached) has always liked men. And if someone paid attention to Maretsky, he sooner or later always fell at her feet. She is credited with romances with men much younger than her. But who can be surprised by this now? The main thing was to get her attention, but she did not run after the young men. Maretskaya was a queen.

Postwar films

Post-war roles in the movies in the films "Mother", "The Village Teacher", "They Have a Homeland" lead her to the Olympus of the greatest actresses of our time. After the war, there was also a wonderful comic role in the cinema, in no way inferior to Anna Zmeyukina - Vasilisa Sergeevna in Light Life (1960). Wonderful movie! Phrase F. Ranevskaya from this movie "Hello, I'm your aunt, I will live with you" - went to the people. V. Maretskaya played brilliantly as always. In the theater, things also went as well as possible - Yu Zavadsky staged almost all the performances with the expectation of it. Yes, and offers of the hand and heart from him, too, have repeatedly. Vera Petrovna was the face of Soviet cinema, she hosted foreign guests - Jean Mare, manically watching the figure, ate her pancakes with caviar and salmon.

Last years

She was called "Madonna with sad eyes," she herself believed that she realized herself in creativity only by 30%. This shows the modesty of the great actress. The film "Mother" (1955) made her not just famous - she was idolized, Nilovna entered every house. Yuri Zavadsky was shocked, although he had never previously encouraged filming in the movies. The last film of Vera Petrovna was "The Night Bell", filmed in 1969. She was already sick, but she was hiding it with all her might. Again life was not all right. Suddenly, the daughter's happy marriage was tragically cut short - a son-in-law, a young, promising scientist, hanged himself. Mashenka had a bad transition and happened to be in hospital with a strong nervous breakdown. Children lived with Maretskaya in her beautiful apartment on the street. Nemirovich-Danchenko.

The last role

All the difficulties of the previous personal life and this event could not but affect the health of Vera Petrovna - severe headaches became permanent. Doctors diagnosed a brain tumor. Vera Maretskaya, whose biography, whose personal life now bears the stamp of a serious illness, has not left the theater. The last role played by her on the stage of her favorite theater was the strange Mrs. Savage in the play of the same name. Theater Moscow fell on performances with her participation (she played this role alternately with other actresses). In the last production the hall cried, she cried herself Maretskaya, Yu Zavadsky sobbed behind the scenes. About the strength of this woman's character, about the devotion to her beloved cause speaks the fact that, even being chained to bed, she read favorite poems of Russian poets, and son Eugene wrote them on tape - they sounded at the coffin of the great actress.