Types, types and ways of linking phrases

For the first time, word combinations and a way of linking word combinations begin to be studied in 4 classes, but they are considered in more detail only in the 5th. Most often, children are confused in the types of subordinate communication. In order to understand the types of word combinations, it is necessary to consider each of them in detail and to analyze the examples.

Methods of subordinate communication in the phrase

A phrase is a compound of 2 or more words. These words are related in meaning, as well as grammatically. The peculiarity of all word combinations is that they include the main and dependent words. The ways of linking phrases are the most difficult topic for schoolchildren in the 5th grade. However, it is very important to study it because it will be used by students during all subsequent schooling.

In total, linguists and philologists distinguish 3 ways of connecting the main and dependent words in the word combinations: coordination, adjacency, and management. The methods of subordinate communication in the phrase are easily and very often confused. In order to be able to determine to which type of subordinate connection the phrase belongs, it is necessary to understand them and to consider in detail all the examples.

Connection type matching

The method of communication matching in the phrase is quite often. Harmonization is a kind of connection in which the dependent word is consistent with the principal in the case, number and genus. This means that both words are mutable, but at the same time they change in the same way. A phrase with a type of matching can consist of a noun, which usually plays the role of the main word, consistent with the adjective or ordinal numeral, participle, pronoun.

Examples of word combinations with communication

Considering the ways of linking phrases, it is necessary to give and disassemble all the examples in order to understand the material well. All examples should be written off in a notebook, doing a thorough analysis, working with a pencil. Only in this case the material will be well understood and well remembered. First of all, in order to understand in practice what such an agreement is, it is necessary to disassemble word combinations with a link. Examples:

• Noun + adjective:

A beautiful house (a beautiful house). "House" - this is the main word, since it asks the question "what?". "Beautiful" is a dependent word in the phrase.

Frog is green (frog is what? Green). "Frog" - this is the main word, because it asks a question to the dependent.

• Noun + ordinal number:

Fifth floor (floor of the fifth floor). Both words are agreed in number, gender, and also case. The dependent word is the ordinal numeral "fifth", since to it the question from the main one is asked.

With hundredth buyer (with the buyer what? Hundredth). The main word is "the buyer", from it the question to the ordinal numeral "hundredth" is asked.

• Noun + participle:

Scattered things (things that are scattered). The dependent word here will be the communion "scattered", since to it the question from the main one is asked.

Foliage fallen (foliage what? Fallen). The main word is "foliage", because it asks a question.

• Noun + pronoun:

With your mom (with your mom's? Yours). And the dependent, and the main words are coordinated among themselves in gender, number and case. The main word will be a noun, because it asks a question to the pronoun.

Such a man (a man of what?). The main word will be "man", because it is from him that he asks a question to the dependent person.

• Pronoun + noun (participle or substantivized adjective):

With someone cheerful (with someone how? Cheerful). The main word will be a pronoun, since it asks a question to the dependent person.

In something beautiful (in something what? Beautiful). The main word is a pronoun, because the question to the dependent adjective is given from it.

• Noun (substantivized adjective) + adjective:

White bathroom (white bathroom). The main word will be the substantivized adjective, because the question is asked of it. Adjective "white" - dependent.

Tanned resting (resting what? Suntanned). "Resting" will be the main word, since the question comes from him, and "tanned" - dependent.

Communication type control

The methods of linking word combinations, as is known, are of three types. Management is another way of communication. Most often, it is with him that confusion and problems arise among schoolchildren. In order for them not to exist, it is necessary to consider this type of connection in more detail.

The way of communication in the phrase management is a kind of subordinate connection in which the dependent word is used in the case the main word requires (only indirect cases, that is all but the nominative). In management, children are more likely to have problems, because it is difficult to distinguish between management among other types. This type of communication should be given special attention and work on it more diligently. It should be remembered that all types of word association require great practice and memorization of the theory.

Examples of word combinations with communication management

Let's consider examples of word combinations built on the connection control:

• In connection with the word combinations "control", most often the main word is a verb, and the dependent word is a noun:

Watch the film (see what? Film). The main word is the verb "look". From it the question "what?" Is asked. To the noun "film". You can not say "see the film", because it will be a speech error. In this word combination, the dependent word is used in the case, which requires the main thing from it.

Running in jeans (running in what? In jeans). The verb "I run" is the main word, and "in jeans" - dependent.

• Phrases with communication control can consist of both an adjective and a pronoun:

I agree with him (agree with whom? With him). From the short adjective "I agree" the question is asked to the pronoun, it means that it is important.

I'm sure of it (I'm sure of who?) In it. A short adjective is the main word, and the pronoun to which the question is asked is dependent.

• The ways of linking phrases can be implemented so that the main word is an adjective, and a dependent noun.

Red from frost (red from what? From frost). Adjective "red" is the main thing in this phrase, and the noun "frost" - dependent.

Angry at the daughter (angry at whom? For the daughter). The word "daughter" is dependent, because a question is asked of him from the dependent.

• Two nouns can also be constituents of the phrase:

Enemy to the people (the enemy to whom? To the people). The noun "enemy" is the main one, since it asks a question to the dependent "people".

A spoon made of silver (a spoon made of silver?). The noun "spoon" is the main, and the word "silver" - dependent.

• The numeral can be the main in the phrase, and the noun can be the dependent one.

Three drops (three of which? Drops). "Three" is the main word, and "drops" is dependent.

Twelve months (twelve months?). The numeral is the main word, and the noun is dependent.

• The adverb is the main word in the phrase with the control connection, and the noun is the dependent word:

To the left of the house (to the left of what? From the house).

Down the street (down the street).

• There are phrases where the main word is the gerund, and the dependent word is the noun:

Watching them (watching who? Behind them). The gerund is the main word, because the question to the dependent comes from it.

Turning to the article (referring to what? To the article). The noun in the dative case in this phrase is a dependent word, because to it the question is asked of the gerunding "addressing".

Connection type

The method of communication in the phrase adjacency is the final stage of the study of the types of connection of the word combination. In the phrase with connection, adjacency, both words, and dependent, and most importantly, join each other only in sense. The main word is immutable.

Examples of word combinations with connection adjacency

In order to understand how the connection is connected, it is necessary to disassemble in detail all possible examples:

• The noun, the verb, the adjective + the infinitive of the verb:

The opportunity to stay (the ability to do what? To stay). It is known that the connection is contiguous only in meaning. The noun "possibility" is the main word, whereas the infinitive of the verb "to stay" is dependent, because a question is asked to it.

Other examples: the decision to meet, the desire to leave, the science of thinking, the desire to learn. In all word combinations the main word is a noun, and the dependent word is an infinitive.

Allowed to kiss (allowed what? To kiss). Both members of the phrase are verbs. The main word will be the verb "allowed", and the dependent - the infinitive "kiss".

Other examples: likes to walk, came to laugh, wants to come, decided to read. In all these examples, the dependent word is an infinitive, and the main one is a verb.

Must go (must do what? The main word is a short adjective "must", and the dependent, to which the question is asked, is an infinitive.

Other examples: to the right turn, glad to see, ready to respond. In all the examples given, the main word is a short adjective, and the dependent word is an infinitive.

• Noun + adverb:

Turn right (turn right). The main word is the noun "turn", and the dependent adverb "to the right."

Types of word combinations by the main word

Having passed the methods of subordinate communication in the phrase, they pass to the study of the theme of the types of word combinations by the main word. A total of 3 groups of phrases are distinguished according to the main word.

Nominal phrases

Naming phrases are word combinations in which the main word is a noun, a pronoun, an adjective or a numeral. Examples of noun phrases: a pink elephant (the main word is a noun), five drops (the main word is a numeral), is happy to try (the main word is a short adjective), it is good (the main word is a pronoun).

Verb phrases

Verbal word-combinations are such phrases, in which the main word, as a rule, is a verb. Examples of verbal phrases: go far, talk a lie, come and see, go joyfully (the main words in these phrases are verbs).

Adverbial phrases

Adverbial word combinations are such phrases, in which the main word is an adverb. Examples of adverbial phrases: always good, top secret, away from Russia (the main words in these phrases are adverbs).

The types of connection of word combinations are easy to remember, if often practiced, and also to learn the necessary theory.