Treatment of the initial stage of cataract. The first signs of an initial cataract

With age, many people begin to have vision problems. One of them is clouding the lens. This process is caused by the denaturation of protein, which is present in the body. The lens of the eye, passing through itself rays of light, refracts them. It is located in the middle, between the iris and the vitreous body.

The healthy crystalline lens is transparent and perfectly copes with its function. After clouding, eyesight deteriorates, the eye loses its ability to clearly see the surrounding world. Having discovered the first symptoms, you need to contact an ophthalmologist to prescribe treatment for the initial stage of cataract. If you do not come to the doctor on time, you can completely lose your eyesight.

Cataract: causes and symptoms of the disease

In most cases, cataracts are common in elderly people, but occur in different periods of life, even in newborns. Without an operation, the disease can not be cured definitively, but if the first signs of an initial cataract turn to a specialist, then it can be delayed for a long period. Consider the symptoms of this unpleasant disease.

1. A person begins to see through the shroud, as in a fog.

2. Can not tolerate a bright light.

3. At night, glints appear in the eyes, sometimes bright flashes.

4. You can read only by turning on the lights nearby.

5. It is necessary to change diopter for lenses more often.

6. Around the lamps is visible light halo.

7. Myopia develops.

8. Weak perception of the eye colors.

9. If you close your hand with one eye, the other sees that the objects are bifurcated.

10. There is a white spot, which eventually grows and closes the pupil completely.

11. When the cataract is greatly progressing, the inflammatory process in the eye begins, then severe headaches are felt, and pressure appears.

The main cause of clouding of the lens is considered to be the age of a person over 60 years old. Elderly people lose the ability to actively combat toxins, the level of antioxidants is significantly reduced. In diseases of the thyroid gland and diabetes mellitus, there is also the possibility of the appearance of signs of cataract. Increased likelihood of getting sick from alcoholics and many smokers.

After long-term use of corticosteroid medications, the development of the disease can begin. There are cases of congenital cataracts, when genetic changes in the protein structure are inherited from the mother to the child. Sometimes this is facilitated by diabetes maternal mother or transferred infection in early pregnancy. And, of course, all traumas of the eye cause the initial stage of cataract.

What should a person who wants to get rid of this disease do? We must go to the ophthalmologist. Delaying a visit to a specialist, there is no need to hope that the turbidity will eventually go away by itself. The latter stages are treated only operatively. But even this is not the final option. Sometimes there is a secondary turbidity. So, it is better to start treatment in the initial stage of cataract, not launching the course of the disease to more mature forms. Consider what happens at the first stages of this process, and how to stop the initial cataract.

The first stage of the disease

In cataracts, the causes and symptoms of the disease, described earlier in the article, are partially manifested at the very beginning. The first stage of the pathology of the lens is the process of hydration, i.e., hydration. At the same time, its volume increases, and the refraction of light rays changes. The formation of clouded areas begins because of biochemical changes in the lens fibers. The beginning of the process at the equator, with a slow approach to the axis. The visual acuity does not immediately deteriorate, but gradually. In the absence of the necessary treatment for the initial stage of cataracts, active disease progression begins.

Symptoms are not so pronounced at first. Therefore, it is necessary to know how the disease begins:

• Sometimes the image of objects is doubled;
• Suddenly it seems that vision has improved; A person can read without putting on his usual glasses, then the usual state returns;
• The clarity of the image disappears;
• Worse distinguishes objects in the dark;
• Appear before the eyes of a spot or a point;
• There is no brightness of visibility.

At the initial stage of cataract development, there is no decrease in vision in humans.

Diagnosis of the disease

In order not to confuse the signs of cataract with age-long-sightedness, the ophthalmologist should make a series of studies. The examination is carried out using a light slit lamp, the so-called biomicroscopy, and the intraocular pressure is measured. Preliminarily expanding the pupil with the help of drops, the ophthalmologist examines the fundus. The parameters of the visual fields are measured . If necessary, prescribe ophthalmoscopy and coherent optical tomography. These studies reveal the pathology of the lens at the very beginning of the disease.

Stages of cataracts

Cataracts do not progress immediately, but gradually, within 6-10 years. According to the difference in the manifestations of symptoms, 4 stages of the disease are distinguished.

1. Initial - the lens has a turbidity on the side, but most of it remains transparent. The rest of the symptoms are manifested in different ways. Some complain of hyperopia or myopia. Others require frequent diopter replacement in lenses or glasses. Someone had spots before his eyes.

2. Immature - the lens is more noticeably turbid and swollen from the liquid. This provokes an increase in eye pressure, visibility decreases markedly.

3. Mature - the stage of complete clouding of the lens, the patient sees almost nothing. Counting fingers on their hands can only by putting them close to the face.

4. Last - the lens first wrinkles, and then gradually diluted. But it happens for years and even decades. Vision is almost completely lost.

Types of cataracts

1. Congenital. The child inherited the disease from the mother as a result of chronic diseases or the use of certain medicines in the first trimester of pregnancy.

2. Acquired. It is a disease that overtaxes older people in old age.

3. Traumatic. It is formed when the lens capsule integrity is compromised. At the same time, liquid enters from the anterior chamber of the eyeball. As a result, turbidity appears.

4. Electrical. Occurs when an electric current is directed to the eye.

5. Radiation. With long-term exposure to infrared, X-ray and gamma rays.

6. Toxic. Turbidity occurs as a result of exposure to various infections and toxins.

When is the operation performed?

At the very beginning of the disease, the ophthalmologist can, after a detailed study of the symptoms, prescribe medication. The operation is prescribed only at the mature stage, when the lens is completely cloudy. Treatment of the initial stage of cataract at first is always conservative. The doctor prescribes drops that gradually improve the metabolism of the liquid inside the lens. At the same time, the metabolism improves, and the process of beginning turbidity is prolonged. When the treatment is stopped, the disease manifests itself again.

Treatment

At the very beginning of this disease, after the doctor has accurately diagnosed and conducted a series of studies, medication is prescribed. Only an ophthalmologist can prescribe the drops needed in this situation. Self-medication is categorically prohibited. Drops contribute to the normalization of the metabolic process, oxidation and reduction. They are not absorbed into the bloodstream at first, but act directly on the desired area.

The result will be felt in a few minutes. At treatment of an initial stage of a cataract to pregnant women it is recommended to consult at first with the gynecologist. People susceptible to allergic reactions, can feel a slight burning sensation and a slight tingling in the diseased eye. The doctor can prescribe vitamins, with the initial cataracts are prescribed Vitiyoduro or Vitafakol drops containing vitamins B and C, potassium iodide, amino acids. Many people ask themselves: "Is it possible to cure the initial stage of cataracts?". The doctors answer is unequivocal. The opacity of the lens can not be cured definitively.

Eye drops

At an initial stage of a cataract destructive process can be much slowed down, temporarily to suspend. To do this, use the following drops:

1. "Oftan katahorm" - contain nicotinamide, adenosine, etc. Activates the processes of recovery and metabolism. Do not give to children.

2. "Quinaks" - contribute to the process of resorption of proteins in the lens and activate the enzymes of the anterior chamber of the eyeball.

3. "Taufon" - trigger regenerative processes in the tissues of the eye, accelerate the metabolism; Children do not apply.

Prevention of disease

In old age, you need to consult a specialist 2 times a year. It is advisable to give up bad habits, eat right and balanced, eating lots of fruits and vegetables. Diabetics need to check blood sugar regularly. When working with harmful chemicals you need to protect your eyes, and from direct exposure to sunlight wear glasses that can block ultraviolet radiation. People of middle age are recommended to be checked at the ophthalmologist at least once a year.

Advice! At the first signs of the disease, you should immediately go to the doctor. Do not self-medicate!