Three-dimensional space of the material world

Three-dimensional space is the geometric model of the world in which we live. Three-dimensional, it is called because its description corresponds to three unit vectors, having a direction in length, width and height. The perception of three-dimensional space develops at a very early age and has a direct relationship to the coordination of human movements . The depth of his perception depends on the visual ability of awareness of the world around him and the ability to identify three dimensions with the help of the senses.

According to analytic geometry, a three-dimensional space at each of its points is described by three characterizing quantities, called coordinates. The axes of coordinates, located perpendicular to each other, form the origin at the point of intersection, which has a zero value. The position of any point in space is determined with respect to the three axes of coordinates having a different numerical value at each given interval. Three-dimensional space at each of its individual points is determined by three numbers corresponding to the distance from the reference point on each axis of coordinates to the point of intersection with the given plane. There are also such coordinate schemes as the spherical and cylindrical systems.

In linear algebra, the notion of three-dimensional measurement is described by the concept of linear independence. The physical space is three-dimensional because the height of any object does not depend on its width and length. Expressed in the language of linear algebra, the space is three-dimensional because each of its individual points can be determined by a combination of three vectors that are linearly independent of each other. In this formulation, the concept of space-time has a four-dimensional meaning, because the position of the point at different time intervals does not depend on its location in space.

Some properties that have a three-dimensional space are very different from those of spaces in a different dimension. For example, a knot tied on a rope is in a space of lower dimensionality. Most physical laws are related to the three-dimensional dimensionality of space, for example, the laws of inverse squares. Three-dimensional space can contain two-dimensional, one-dimensional and zero-dimensional spaces, while itself it is considered part of the model of four-dimensional space.

The isotropy of space is one of its key properties in classical mechanics. An isotropic space is called because when the reference frame is rotated to any arbitrary angle, no change in the measurement results occurs. The law of conservation of angular momentum is based on the isotropic properties of space. This means that in space all directions are equal and there is no separate direction with the definition of an independent axis of symmetry. Isotropy has the same physical properties in all possible directions. Thus, an isotropic space is an environment whose physical properties do not depend on direction.