The technique of the pictogram of Luria

The technique of the pictogram was developed by Luriy. AR for the analysis of mediated memory. Using this method, you can obtain information to study the nature of associations and thinking.

The essence of the pictogram

This pictogram technique is that the patient is offered to remember about 15-20 words and phrases, among which there are the following specific concepts: a hungry child, hard work, a delicious dinner and so on. Also used are more abstract words: doubt, development, and so on. In this case, for each expression, you must draw any sign or image, that is, write a series of concepts using the icon.

What expressions to offer for remembering a patient, choose with regard to his state of mind. If there is a need to track the development of schizophrenia, use a series of specially selected expressions.

Analysis of pictogram data

The technique of the pictogram consists of a careful analysis of each image with a further evaluation, based on the attribution to a certain type. The quantitative correlation of images of various types in this pictogram is estimated, analytical factors that are inaccessible to formalization are taken into account. Also take into account the graphic features of the picture.

The "Luria Pictur"

In the domestic clinical psychodiagnosis, the pictogram is the most common method of studying the cognitive environment and personality. This method does not limit the subject to either the content of the images or their completeness. The patient is also allowed to use any materials. It is not limited in time.

Processing and interpretation

When processing the experimental data, if the "Pictogram" technique is used, the interpretation contains the indices of all criteria, as well as procedural questions: the emotional attitude to the task, the ease of its implementation, the need for a wide space, and so on.

Criteria for evaluation

The methodology is evaluated according to four criteria:

1. Adequacy

To evaluate this criterion, sometimes one picture is enough, but in some cases it is necessary to obtain additional information from the author. If there is a well-founded relationship between the proposed concept and its image, the specialist puts the "+" sign, if there is no connection - "-". The criterion of adequacy is characterized by sufficiently high rates of norm - more than 70%.

2. Recoverability of concepts after a delayed period

In order to evaluate the patient according to the second criterion, the specialist suggests that he, after some time, restore the list of proposed concepts according to the pictogram he created. For this, the list of concepts is closed, and the subject must restore them in a random order. This criterion is also quite high, the values above 80% are considered normal. The technique of the pictogram on this criterion makes it possible to determine what role memory plays in the subject's thinking.

3. Concreteness-abstractness

Experts evaluate this criterion by the degree to which the pictogram corresponds to the real object. The maximum specific correspondence is estimated at 1 point, the abstract image at 3 points. In some cases, images are difficult to attribute to any type. In this case, they receive a score of 2 points. Then the expert's estimates are added and the average data is calculated. The norm is 2 points.

4. Standardity-originality

Experts also assess the originality or standardity of the created pictograms. If images of different subjects coincide, then this indicates the ordinariness of the task. Such pictograms are evaluated at the lowest score, equal to 1. Intermediate variants are estimated at 2 points, for the uniqueness of the pictographs the subject receives 3 points. Norm is the result of 2 points.