The sizes of allowances on pregnancy and sorts, on care of the invalid, on unemployment, to children-orphans. Social benefits

Russia is a state that positions itself as social. This means that unprotected populations will not be left without attention. Most often the care of the state is manifested in a material form. Is it always the kind of assistance that the country provides enough to exist normally? You can understand this by studying the size of social benefits. To receive money, citizens need to apply to the social security service at their place of residence.

What is a benefit in Russia? This is the material aid allocated by the state to support individuals and families who find themselves in difficult economic conditions that do not allow them to earn their own money.

Let's consider in detail the issue of calculating benefits intended for families with children and disabled citizens.

Features of the accrual of social benefits

Social benefits that are paid in Russia are regulated both by federal and regional legislation. National payments, that is, the funds of the country's Social Insurance Fund, do not limit the amount of benefits that can be financed at the regional level. Of course, such a division does not always justify itself. After all, regions that have fewer budgetary opportunities infringe on certain categories of the population in obtaining social assistance. On the other hand, this approach allows you to more accurately plan costs, taking into account all possible costs.

Speaking about benefits to families with children, the payment of which is realized at the federal level, it is necessary to understand that they are carried out by a pregnant woman with timely registration (up to 12 weeks) in a medical institution. Further, payments are made for the child until he reaches the age of 1.5 years.

Maternity benefits

The criterion determining the amount of maternity benefits is the assignment of a woman in labor to three different categories: officially working women and having social insurance; Unemployed women who are registered with the employment service for staff reduction or in connection with the liquidation of the enterprise; Unemployed women receiving unemployment benefits.

The amount of maternity benefits for officially working women is calculated on the basis of their salary for the last 2 years. Such a system does not work with respect to individual entrepreneurs, as they do not make payments to the Social Insurance Fund. The only possibility to receive payments for this category of working expectant mothers is the advance planning of the birth of the child and the corresponding payments to the Fund. The maximum amount of maternity benefits in 2016 is set at 248164 rubles, and the minimum allowance is 28555 rubles.

And what about the unemployed?

Women who are registered with the employment service in connection with the reduction or liquidation of the enterprise where they worked, like the unemployed receive a monthly allowance of 544 rubles. For women of this category, a monthly allowance of 581.73 rubles is provided. However, a one-time total payment of these benefits is not carried out. It is necessary to choose only one type of social assistance.

The amount of maternity allowances for student youth is determined by a 100% stipend. If the scholarship is less than 25% of the minimum subsistence minimum, then this difference is paid by the state.

A separate category of women giving birth when receiving the appropriate allowance is women servicemen. The amount of the allowance of these women in childbirth is 100% of their monetary allowance. Wives of military conscripts are paid a one-time pregnancy and maternity allowance in the amount of 24565.89 rubles.

One-time assistance to women in childbirth

A significant help from the state is received by the family, who decided on the birth of the child. After giving birth, women who were officially employed, registered with the employment service in connection with the loss of work on the grounds of staff reduction or the liquidation of the enterprise by the state, in 2016 one-time assistance is paid in the amount of 15,500 rubles.

Girls who do not work anywhere and are not registered with the employment service do not receive such benefits.

Social assistance for the care of children until they reach 1.5 and 3 years

The next type of benefits for families with children are payments to the child at the age of 1.5 and 3 years. This assistance is essential for every family in the sense that a woman can not afford to work at 24-hour employment, and the cost of children is very significant in the share of the family budget.

For officially employed mothers, the calculation of this type of benefits, as well as maternity benefits, is based on a two-year salary. The calculation formula provides for finding the average daily earnings of a woman: the total amount of earnings for 2 years should be divided into 730 calendar days. In the event that during these two years a woman was on a sick leave, the period of the illness must first be subtracted from 730 calendar days. The found size of the average daily earnings should be multiplied by the number of days spent on childcare leave for up to 1.5 years.

For students of higher educational institutions, the basis for calculating the benefit is the amount of their scholarship, but not less than the minimum amount of child benefits.

In 2016, the minimum amounts of benefits for women to care for a child up to one and a half and three years are set in the following amounts:

• For the first child - 2900 rubles;
• For the second and subsequent children - 5800 rubles.

Benefits for large families

A separate topic is benefits for large families. Unfortunately, at the federal level, there are no separate payments for this category of families with children. However, they can also apply for benefits, considered above, on general grounds.

At the regional level, for such families, additional payments can be envisaged that stimulate the birth rate in the country. Benefits for large families in different cities can vary significantly. On an example of the Moscow area we will consider the sizes of such payments. In this region they are also called "Gromov" payments. So, at the birth of the first child, 10 thousand rubles are paid once, at the birth of the second child - 20 thousand, the allowance for 3 children at birth is 150 thousand rubles.

In addition, the following payments are provided to families with children (in addition to federal payments):

• Up to 1,5 years - 2206 rubles;
• From 1,5 to 3 years - 3216 rubles;
• From 3 to 7 years - 1104 rubles;
• From 7 to 16 years - 552 rubles.

Social benefits for adopted children

When adopting a child, adoptive parents, as well as biological parents, receive a one-time help in the amount of 15,500 rubles.

Have their own peculiarities of payment for adopted children, if they are disabled. For each child a benefit of 118 529 rubles is paid at a time. The same rule applies to children aged more than 7 years. If the family has decided to adopt several brothers or sisters, the allowance is also paid.

Benefits are also paid to children who lost one of their breadwinners. The amount of monthly accruals will depend on the length of service and the average salary of the deceased guardian. The minimum benefit is 300 rubles.

Allowance for caring for a disabled person

A separate category of beneficiaries of state aid are persons caring for disabled group I. These are citizens who underwent appropriate medical examination. In addition, another category is made up of disabled children of group I.

The receipt of benefits by persons caring for the elderly or disabled group I is possible if they are able-bodied and do not work. When caring for several disabled persons, the allowance is paid for each disabled person.

Parents of children with disabilities, group I, caring for their children, receive a benefit of 5.5 thousand rubles. When you care for adults with disabilities of the 1st category, the monthly allowance is 1200 rubles.

Maternal capital

The state also provides material assistance in the case of the birth (adoption) of the second and subsequent children. The peculiarity in the appointment of this benefit is that it is paid at a time. For 2016, the amount of maternity capital is set at 453026 rubles. This program was put into operation since 2007 and was calculated inclusively until 2015. This issue was vigorously discussed, and for now payments are extended for 2018.

Maternity capital can be used to purchase real estate, improve housing conditions or for the future education of a child.

Is it social protection?

Summing up, I want to say that the level of social security of people in each country characterizes the overall situation in the state. Unfortunately, Russian citizens can not fully feel themselves safe. However, as we see, at the level of the country's leadership, certain measures are being taken to promote material support for people who can not provide for themselves.

Especially life-affirming is the extension of the "Mother's Capital" program, which was originally designed before 2015. Taking into account the crisis realities of the country's population's life, the only correct decision was taken on the continuation of payments. Thus, it will be possible to partially solve the vital problems of families with children, although the amounts of benefits are not large.

True, the steps taken in the country to improve the standard of living of families with children can not be called sufficient today. Therefore, the solution of the demographic problem will be possible only after a real increase in the standard of living of the population. An increase in the number of women in childbirth from antisocial families will not allow a qualitative improvement in the situation. In this sense, a depressing fact is the lack of weighty national support for normal families who have decided on a third or more child. Why does not the state help such families? The allowance for 3 children is not provided for by federal legislation.

The only correct solution in this situation will be the creation of additional jobs, the modernization of all sectors of the economy, which will have a positive impact on allocations to budgets of all levels, and will provide really substantial help to those who need it.

And what about the disabled?

Separately, I would like to say about the situation in which people who care for disabled people turn out to be. Realizing that these people are committing a truly heroic deed, the demand for payment of benefits is a blasphemy - the absence of another source of income, when the amount of this benefit is 1200 rubles. Virtually all types of benefits in Russia are indexed annually. The question arises: "Who can live on the disability allowance?"

The amounts of benefits originally intended to improve the material condition of citizens, make us think about the need for fundamental changes in the entire system of social protection of the population of the country. And this will be possible only if the economy works for people, and not vice versa.