The pond is what? How is it formed? Types of water bodies

Very often all over the world you can meet numerous different accumulations of water. As a rule, they are formed in the depressions of the earth's surface. Therefore, there are questions: "Reservoirs - this is what? What is the reason for their occurrence? "In order to answer them, it is necessary to get acquainted with such a science as hydrology. She studies all possible interactions of water with the environment, as well as the phenomena occurring in it. Some results obtained by hydrologists are used in shipping and conducting combat operations on water flows.

A reservoir is a place in which liquid accumulates with minimal or completely absent drains. Often this place is artificial and natural cavities. If you take into account the broad meaning of the word, then the sea and the oceans are also called water bodies.

Types of water bodies

The reservoirs are divided into several species according to various factors. By their time of existence they are divided into permanent and temporary. The latter arise only in a certain seasonal interval for a certain period of time. For example, puddles and old people, which appear as a result of the spring flood of large rivers. By the way of formation water reservoirs are artificial and natural. To artificial include basins, ponds, reservoirs, dams.

The reservoir is a water that differs from each other by its chemical composition, the content of trace elements and other biological substances. Also one of the important indicators is the accumulation of salts. It is this factor that determines the types of water bodies. They are divided into fresh and salty. Each of them corresponds to a certain flora and fauna.

Lake

The lake created by nature is a collection of water in the deepening of the land. It has no mouth and source, nor is it any part of the World Ocean. The water in it is predominantly stagnant, without pronounced flow. Food is mainly due to groundwater, less rain and snow. The lake is a special pond. This is due to the fact that sometimes it gives new life to the rivers, not allowing them to dry out. According to its size and characteristics, the lake occupies the middle place between the pond and the sea. On the planet, there are more than 5 million of these water bodies, which in general cover 1.8% of the land area.

The largest lake in the world is the Caspian Sea. It has no runoff, is located on the border of Asia and Europe. Water has a high salt content, which ranges from 0.05% to 13%, depending on the areas.

Staritsa

This accumulation of water is a non-permanent phenomenon. As a rule, it is formed during spring floods. The old man is in the floodplain of the river. She is constantly submerged. The river, changing the direction of the channel, leaves deep depressions. Subsequently, they serve as the place of origin of the old man. Staritsa is a full body of water. This can be confirmed by its characteristics and the absence of flow. Often it has a shape similar to a sickle or a loop. Due to the fact that the waters of the river cease to flow into the old man, it still exists for a while as a lake. Subsequently, sand and silt constantly enters it, and after a certain period of time it turns into a moist meadow, a marsh or completely dries up.

Pond

Often found pond is a pond. It is created by man in order to store water reserves, which are eventually used for irrigation of the land, sports, sanitary needs, breeding of different species of fish, birds. They often can be found infusoria or crustaceans. Here, carp, trout, carp and stellate sturgeon are most often planted. As a rule, ponds are called reservoirs, the area of which exceeds 1 million m ³ . Earlier, near each village, which is poorly supplied with water resources, there was a pond, often created by the residents themselves. Food is provided through rain, groundwater, less often river water. Sometimes ponds are used to clean nearby rivers from various types of pollution.

In reservoirs, biological, physical and chemical processes are carried out in different ways. This is due to the corresponding characteristics of the types.
Unfortunately, the view that the river is a reservoir is erroneous. It is a water stream. The main difference is that there is a current in all the watercourses, which, in turn, affects the formation of the flora and fauna.