The mechanism of managing society in a country. The role of governance in society. Economics and Management

The functioning and formation, as well as the role of management as a specific structure are determined by its essence. There are several elements in its composition. Before you name them, it should be said that the management system is a form of implementing the development and interaction of regulatory relations. They are expressed first of all in principles and laws, goals, functions, methods, structure and the process itself. The structure includes frames, objects and other elements. The mechanism of public management is considered one of the main tools for regulating social relations. What is this element?

general information

The mechanism of managing a society in any country is, above all, a necessity connected with the achievement of development goals and the implementation of one of the directions of domestic policy. This element is formed and changed purposefully with the participation of people regulating a complex of forms, methods, functions, incentives and levers. This is necessary mainly to achieve the most effective regulatory structure in specific historical conditions. This is the main role of government in society.

The qualitative level of this component of the structure of regulation of relationships, the degree of its perfection, and also the compliance with the basic requirements depend first and foremost on the professionalism and the level of staff training, their skills and ability to identify and give an objective assessment of the most essential components and relationships, the features of manifestation and the consequences of the development of the detected tendencies .

Components

The mechanism of managing a society in a country includes several fundamental links: common functions, principles, methods and goals. The society, being a multipurpose complex system, requires ensuring the clear interaction of all subsystems and the solution of the assigned tasks. Considering the state administration and society from this position, several components that shape the regulatory lever are singled out. In particular, they include socio-cultural, organizational elements.

At the same time, the level at which economics and management interact is of utmost importance. In this regard, the corresponding element is also present in the control lever. According to some experts, it is the economic component that provides, in many respects, the effectiveness of the process. However, the achievement of the tasks set and the development of the social structure are ensured by a combination of elements.

Definition of objects and subjects

Social structures are both an object and a subject of management. This fact makes it necessary to consider these two components under conditions of constant interaction with each other - as a controlled and control elements. The subject (the second component) is a part of the object. Dimensions and boundaries of the first are closely related to the features and scales of the second. This is due to the fact that the activity of control structures is determined mainly by the properties of the controlled element.

In the most general form, human labor and man should be included in the objects of management . In a broad sense, these are communities and large groups of people (industry, region, enterprise). As objects, specific functions can also act, for example, country management, finance, sales, personnel and so on.

Types of objects

There are three categories. They include production facilities. This type includes the components that make up the organizational management of social production. The second kind is structural objects. They are the links of the entire management system. And the third kind are functional objects. They are distinguished by a special management mechanism. As a result, the generalized form of the regulatory object is a complex of human activities, isolated from the social environment or as a special function, for which a special regulatory lever is needed, or as a link in the structure.

Formation of objects

The beginning of the formation of these components coincides with their organizational isolation as the main structure-forming elements of the social structure. For example, such a link can be a manufacturing enterprise. It is in some way the starting point of reference of the levels both in the macroeconomic system of economic management and in the microstructure of regulation of activities within the enterprise itself. Such a component is the basis for the formation of production facilities for regulating different scales - the region, the industry, and the overall national economy.

Public administration and society are structures that constantly interact with each other. The allocation of production objects underlies the creation of a regulatory structure, where each link is also a structural element (object). These components are different in labor and functions. As a result, this or that management institution is formed. The formation and development of all these components underpin the continuous improvement of the structure of social regulation.

Factors affecting the formation of regulated objects

There are several aspects that are of greatest importance in the process under consideration. Among them, in particular, include technical and technological, social, organizational and economic factors. Aspects that reflect the requirements of objective principles and laws of social development, have a dialectical relationship.

The object as a mechanism for the management of society in a country is formed as a result of certain forms of combinations of territorial and sectoral regulation based on the level of decentralization or centralization. Factors forming a particular object affect the internal structure, scale, general status, social status and so on.

Main Institute of Management

What is the main subject of regulation today? Without a doubt, this state. Although, meanwhile, recently there has been a tendency to delegate to it a number of its functions (regulatory, organizational, normative and other) to other entities. Defining the state as a managing component, it should be said that this structure involves the unification of interrelated organizations, institutions that ensure the regulation of relations and activities of people, nations, classes, groups.

Modern understanding of the structure of the main control lever

In the scientific literature today under the state management is meant usually regulating and organizing, practical influence of the given subject on vital activity of people, leaning against force of the power. The purpose of this impact is to preserve, streamline or transform the position of citizens. Objectively, the need for state power regulation is determined by several factors. First of all, these are general socio-political and historical prerequisites. In addition, the specific factors specific to a particular society are of no small importance.

Prerequisites for the emergence of domineering regulation

The mechanism of managing a society in any country is formed for the structured support of the functioning of the branches of human activity. In addition, due to the activity of regulatory levers, conditions are created for the survival of communities of people. Among the factors that ensure this, in particular, include new forms of labor activity, management function, which includes the initial maintenance of the society in the information plan (in particular, the collection of various information about the work, etc.).

Gradually, a layer of people separated from society, the main occupation of which was the regulation of relations within the civil society. As a result, many posts and posts were formed: military leaders, job managers, accountants and others. This layer formed an early bureaucracy. In the course of development, the stratification of the society became more and more obvious, which often led to the seizure of power by this or that group and the adaptation of society to its interests.

The division of society with conflicting relationships and conflicting interests characteristic for the groups and layers that formed formed the need for creating a political function for regulating social contradictions and relationships. Due to the fact that the state apparatus was seized by the privileged strata, the regulation function ensured in the main the domination of precisely these groups over others.

The tasks of the main control lever

To ensure a purposeful management of interactions between different population groups, it was necessary to create certain rules for citizens' behavior and to form vital forms of productive human activity. It was the installation and maintenance of conditions for the normal existence of all strata of society that were the main tasks of the state. Among other things, power structures should protect the living space of the developing population.

Contemporary representations

It should be noted that over time the above factors have not lost their relevance at all. On the contrary, that complex of initial tasks, the solution of which must be carried out with the help of levers of power, has become much more complicated. Changes that occur in the modern world in the field of technology, science, information technology, put forward the problem of ensuring human security at the forefront.

Today, the need for public administration is conditioned by the need to ensure the implementation of domestic policy, which is aimed at the most effective use of labor, material, natural, information resources. The main tasks of the power regulation function in the modern state are also the fair distribution of profits, guaranteeing the main social rights and maintaining order. To ensure favorable conditions, it is necessary to create and implement state programs. They must ensure a minimum standard of living or education or training.

Conclusion

It should be noted that the issue of the role of the state apparatus in the management and modernization of the society is the most urgent problem for the social and humanitarian sciences. Confirmation of this can be found at least already in the fact that there is a sufficiently large number of points of view on this issue. The modern rapidly changing world forces us to look for ways to adapt to its changes. In this context, the state acts as the most effective regulatory instrument that can mobilize resources and implement technological and economic breakthroughs in the shortest possible time.

Stability in the social sphere is provided in the presence of a well-thought-out strategy for changing existing administrative structures with a gradual, logically consistent introduction of better ones in their place. Objectively, the significance of the rational structure of the state apparatus is especially clearly manifested during the transitional periods, when the old political scheme is replaced by a new one.