The coat of arms of Bashkortostan. Description and meaning of symbols

The emblem, flag, anthem of Bashkortostan are the official symbols of the republic. What do they represent and how important are their symbols? About this we'll talk just below.

Coat of arms of Bashkortostan: description and meaning

The Republic's coat of arms has a round shape. This form of the shield of arms came from Byzantium, it is characteristic of many peoples of Asia. The central figure is the image of the monument to Salavat Yulaev, deployed to the left. It is illuminated by the sun's rays of golden color. At the foot of the monument is a green kurai flower.

The coat of arms of Bashkortostan frames the national ornament of the region. Below the shield is a ribbon, painted in the colors of the flag of the republic: blue, white, green. In the center on the white strip there is an inscription: "Bashkortostan".

Salavat Yulaev is a national hero, the son of the Bashkir people. He was a poet who sang in his verses folk exploits, the beauty of his native land. His image on the coat of arms symbolizes the struggle for national freedom, strength, justice and unity of the peoples of Bashkortostan. The figure of Salavat is a composite image of a jigit warrior.

Kuray is a local plant, a close relative of the angelica and cow-borshevik. The flower depicted on the coat of arms has seven inflorescences. It symbolizes exactly the seven ancient genera that live on the territory of the republic, and their unity.

How did the coat of arms change?

In 1744 the coat of arms of Bashkortostan had a completely different appearance. Then there was still Bashkortostan, and the territory where the Bashkirs lived was called the Ufa province. A century later it became known as the Ufa province. The silver provincial emblem depicted a running marten, and the shield was crowned with an imperial crown and bordered by oak leaves with a blue ribbon.

In the XX century the territory became the Autonomous Bashkir SSR. The state symbol completely changed its appearance. The coat of arms of Bashkortostan was executed in socialist red and gold colors. In the center of the oval shield was the figure of a man on a running horse. In his hand he held a red flag. In the lower part was a sickle and a hammer. The composition was edged with wheat ears, bound with a red ribbon. At the head of the head was a red star.

In 1937, the figure of a man on horseback was replaced by a full-scale image of a sickle and a hammer. Above it was an inscription with the name of the republic. Below there was a red ribbon with the motto that calls the proletarians to unite. The armorial shield became more figured, and the wheat ears did not bandage the ribbon.

Development of the modern coat of arms

In 1992, when Bashkortostan became a sovereign republic within the Russian Federation, it was necessary to approve a new coat of arms of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The creation of the symbol took about two years. The commission of the Supreme Council received forty different options. Of these, a version with a vertical image of the national flag was chosen. In the center was a tulpar - a winged horse, and framed a shield ornament.

Later it turned out that the toolbar had already become a symbol of Kazakhstan, so the version had to be rejected. Simultaneously, the art teacher from Krasnousolsk submitted a variant of the coat of arms, where in the center there was an image of a white wolf - a totem animal of the Bashkirs. The background was the mountains of the Urals, the Bashkir solar sign and the image of the sun. However, this option was rejected.

In the end, in 1993 the Supreme Council approved the modern coat of arms of Bashkortostan, the central images of which are the monument to Yulaev and the figure of the flower of the Kurai. The author of the coat of arms is the artist Fazletdin Islakhov. The monument was turned to the right side and executed along with the framing ornament in brown color.

In 1999, a new type of coat of arms was approved, where the brown one was replaced with a gold one, and the monument was turned to the left.

Flag and anthem of Bashkortostan

The flag of Bashkiria was adopted and approved in 1999. The rectangular flag panel is divided into three horizontal equal-sized stripes of different colors. In the center there is a round emblem, inside which is a flower with seven inflorescences. The flower is made in gold color. As in the coat of arms, the kurai symbolizes the friendship between the clans that united the Bashkirs.

The upper band of the flag is blue. It symbolizes the sky, meaning purity of thoughts, clarity and goodwill of the people. The middle strip of white color speaks of peace and light hopes. The last strip is painted in green - this is a sign of eternal life and freedom.

The national anthem is the composition "Respublika". The author of the words is R. Bikbaev and R. Shakur, the music was written by the composer F. Idrisov. The hymn exists both in the national language of Bashkiria, and in Russian.